{"id":94478,"date":"2026-04-12T18:22:13","date_gmt":"2026-04-12T11:22:13","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/itviec.com\/blog\/?p=94478"},"modified":"2026-04-12T18:22:15","modified_gmt":"2026-04-12T11:22:15","slug":"huong-dan-remove-directory-linux","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/itviec.com\/blog\/huong-dan-remove-directory-linux\/","title":{"rendered":"Remove Directory Linux: H\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn c\u00e1ch x\u00f3a th\u01b0 m\u1ee5c trong Linux"},"content":{"rendered":"<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_84 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-grey ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<div class=\"ez-toc-title-container\">\n<p class=\"ez-toc-title\" style=\"cursor:inherit\">N\u1ed9i dung b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft<\/p>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-title-toggle\"><a href=\"#\" class=\"ez-toc-pull-right ez-toc-btn ez-toc-btn-xs ez-toc-btn-default ez-toc-toggle\" aria-label=\"Toggle Table of Content\"><span class=\"ez-toc-js-icon-con\"><span class=\"\"><span class=\"eztoc-hide\" style=\"display:none;\">Toggle<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-icon-toggle-span\"><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" class=\"list-377408\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path d=\"M6 6H4v2h2V6zm14 0H8v2h12V6zM4 11h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2zM4 16h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" class=\"arrow-unsorted-368013\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"10px\" height=\"10px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" version=\"1.2\" baseProfile=\"tiny\"><path d=\"M18.2 9.3l-6.2-6.3-6.2 6.3c-.2.2-.3.4-.3.7s.1.5.3.7c.2.2.4.3.7.3h11c.3 0 .5-.1.7-.3.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7zM5.8 14.7l6.2 6.3 6.2-6.3c.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7c-.2-.2-.4-.3-.7-.3h-11c-.3 0-.5.1-.7.3-.2.2-.3.5-.3.7s.1.5.3.7z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/span><\/div>\n<nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 ' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/itviec.com\/blog\/huong-dan-remove-directory-linux\/#Tong_quan_ve_remove_directory_trong_Linux\" >T\u1ed5ng quan v\u1ec1 remove directory trong Linux<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/itviec.com\/blog\/huong-dan-remove-directory-linux\/#Cach_kiem_tra_truoc_khi_xoa_thu_muc\" >C\u00e1ch ki\u1ec3m tra tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi x\u00f3a th\u01b0 m\u1ee5c<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/itviec.com\/blog\/huong-dan-remove-directory-linux\/#Cach_xoa_directory_trong_Linux\" >C\u00e1ch xo\u00e1 directory trong Linux<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/itviec.com\/blog\/huong-dan-remove-directory-linux\/#Mot_so_tip_tranh_%E2%80%9Ctai_nan%E2%80%9D_khi_xoa_directory\" >M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 tip tr\u00e1nh \u201ctai n\u1ea1n\u201d khi xo\u00e1 directory<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/itviec.com\/blog\/huong-dan-remove-directory-linux\/#Cac_cau_hoi_thuong_gap_ve_remove_directory_trong_Linux\" >C\u00e1c c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1eb7p v\u1ec1 remove directory trong Linux<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-6\" href=\"https:\/\/itviec.com\/blog\/huong-dan-remove-directory-linux\/#Tong_ket\" >T\u1ed5ng k\u1ebft<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n\n<p><strong><em>Trong Linux, thao t\u00e1c v\u1edbi h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng t\u1ec7p (file system) l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t k\u1ef9 n\u0103ng quan tr\u1ecdng m\u00e0 b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng n\u00e0o t\u1eeb ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1edbi \u0111\u1ebfn qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ec1u c\u1ea7n n\u1eafm v\u1eefng. M\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng thao t\u00e1c c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 x\u00f3a th\u01b0 m\u1ee5c (remove directory). Tuy nhi\u00ean, vi\u1ec7c x\u00f3a th\u01b0 m\u1ee5c trong Linux kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n nh\u01b0 ch\u1ec9 \u201cdelete\u201d nh\u01b0 tr\u00ean giao di\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ed3 h\u1ecda, m\u00e0 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 b\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a directory, c\u00e1ch Linux qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd d\u1eef li\u1ec7u, c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t gi\u1eefa th\u01b0 m\u1ee5c tr\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 th\u01b0 m\u1ee5c c\u00f3 ch\u1ee9a d\u1eef li\u1ec7u.\u00a0<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0110\u1ecdc b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 h\u01a1n v\u1ec1:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>C\u00e1ch ki\u1ec3m tra tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi xo\u00e1 th\u01b0 m\u1ee5c<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>C\u00e1ch xo\u00e1 directory trong Linux<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 tip tr\u00e1nh \u201ctai n\u1ea1n\u201d khi xo\u00e1 th\u01b0 m\u1ee5c<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-t\u1ed5ng-quan-v\u1ec1-remove-directory-trong-linux\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Tong_quan_ve_remove_directory_trong_Linux\"><\/span><strong>T\u1ed5ng quan v\u1ec1 remove directory trong Linux<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/itviec.com\/blog\/linux\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><strong>Linux<\/strong><\/a> l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh m\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n m\u1edf ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i tr\u00ean server, cloud, container, thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb IoT v\u00e0 c\u1ea3 desktop. M\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a Linux l\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng t\u1ec7p (file system) th\u00f4ng qua d\u00f2ng l\u1ec7nh, cho ph\u00e9p ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng thao t\u00e1c nhanh, linh ho\u1ea1t v\u00e0 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t chi ti\u1ebft h\u01a1n so v\u1edbi giao di\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ed3 h\u1ecda.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Trong Linux, file, th\u01b0 m\u1ee5c v\u00e0 thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111\u1ec1u l\u00e0 c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng trong h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng t\u1ec7p, khi\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c thao t\u00e1c v\u1edbi file v\u00e0 directory tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh k\u1ef9 n\u0103ng c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n nh\u01b0ng v\u00f4 c\u00f9ng quan tr\u1ecdng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Trong s\u1ed1 c\u00e1c thao t\u00e1c \u0111\u00f3, x\u00f3a th\u01b0 m\u1ee5c (directory) l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng thao t\u00e1c m\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean ph\u1ea3i th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n. Tuy nhi\u00ean, x\u00f3a th\u01b0 m\u1ee5c trong Linux kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 \u201cdelete\u201d nh\u01b0 trong Windows; thay v\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3, Linux cung c\u1ea5p nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ec7nh kh\u00e1c nhau nh\u01b0 <code>rmdir<\/code>, <code>rm -r<\/code>, <code>rm -rf<\/code>, m\u1ed7i l\u1ec7nh ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p cho t\u1eebng t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-s\u1ef1-khac-bi\u1ec7t-gi\u1eefa-file-va-directory-khi-thao-tac-tren-linux\"><strong>S\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t gi\u1eefa &#8220;file&#8221; v\u00e0 &#8220;directory&#8221; khi thao t\u00e1c tr\u00ean Linux<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Trong Linux, file v\u00e0 directory \u0111\u1ec1u l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng trong h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng t\u1ec7p, nh\u01b0ng b\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n kh\u00e1c nhau n\u00ean c\u00e1ch xo\u00e1 c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng gi\u1ed1ng nhau.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>File l\u00e0 \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb l\u01b0u tr\u1eef d\u1eef li\u1ec7u (v\u0103n b\u1ea3n, m\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n, h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh\u2026). Khi xo\u00e1 m\u1ed9t file, b\u1ea1n \u0111ang xo\u00e1 ch\u00ednh n\u1ed9i dung c\u1ee7a file \u0111\u00f3.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Directory l\u1ea1i ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t \u201cb\u1ea3ng danh m\u1ee5c\u201d, ch\u1ee9a c\u00e1c entry tr\u1ecf \u0111\u1ebfn file ho\u1eb7c th\u01b0 m\u1ee5c con. Ch\u00ednh v\u00ec v\u1eady, th\u01b0 m\u1ee5c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ee9a nhi\u1ec1u c\u1ea5p con b\u00ean trong, v\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c xo\u00e1 directory y\u00eau c\u1ea7u Linux ph\u1ea3i x\u1eed l\u00fd c\u1ea3 n\u1ed9i dung l\u1eabn c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac ph\u00e2n c\u1ea5p.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 \u0111i\u1ec3m kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t quan tr\u1ecdng khi thao t\u00e1c:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>M\u1ed9t directory tr\u1ed1ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xo\u00e1 b\u1eb1ng l\u1ec7nh \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n <code>rmdir<\/code>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>M\u1ed9t directory c\u00f3 ch\u1ee9a file ho\u1eb7c th\u01b0 m\u1ee5c con s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 xo\u00e1 b\u1eb1ng rmdir v\u00e0 th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u00e2y l\u1ed7i \u201cDirectory not empty\u201d. L\u00fac n\u00e0y, b\u1ea1n ph\u1ea3i d\u00f9ng c\u00e1c l\u1ec7nh xo\u00e1 \u0111\u1ec7 quy nh\u01b0 <code>rm -r<\/code> ho\u1eb7c <code>rm -rf<\/code>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-cach-ki\u1ec3m-tra-tr\u01b0\u1edbc-khi-xoa-th\u01b0-m\u1ee5c\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Cach_kiem_tra_truoc_khi_xoa_thu_muc\"><\/span><strong>C\u00e1ch ki\u1ec3m tra tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi x\u00f3a th\u01b0 m\u1ee5c<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi x\u00f3a m\u1ed9t th\u01b0 m\u1ee5c trong Linux ta n\u00ean ki\u1ec3m tra n\u1ed9i dung b\u00ean trong \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh x\u00f3a nh\u1ea7m d\u1eef li\u1ec7u quan tr\u1ecdng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-dung-ls-d\u1ec3-ki\u1ec3m-tra-n\u1ed9i-dung-th\u01b0-m\u1ee5c\"><strong>D\u00f9ng <\/strong><strong>ls<\/strong><strong> \u0111\u1ec3 ki\u1ec3m tra n\u1ed9i dung th\u01b0 m\u1ee5c<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p><code>ls<\/code> l\u00e0 l\u1ec7nh c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ec3 li\u1ec7t k\u00ea nh\u1eefng g\u00ec c\u00f3 trong th\u01b0 m\u1ee5c v\u1edbi c\u00e1ch d\u00f9ng nh\u01b0 sau:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>ls folder_name<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>L\u1ec7nh n\u00e0y s\u1ebd hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb danh s\u00e1ch c\u00e1c file v\u00e0 th\u01b0 m\u1ee5c con. N\u1ebfu mu\u1ed1n xem chi ti\u1ebft h\u01a1n (quy\u1ec1n, k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc, ng\u00e0y s\u1eeda \u0111\u1ed5i\u2026), ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u00f9ng:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>ls -l folder_name<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>Ho\u1eb7c hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c file \u1ea9n:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>ls -a folder_name<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-dung-sh-d\u1ec3-xem-kich-th\u01b0\u1edbc-th\u01b0-m\u1ee5c\"><strong>D\u00f9ng -sh \u0111\u1ec3 xem k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc th\u01b0 m\u1ee5c<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>N\u1ebfu mu\u1ed1n bi\u1ebft th\u01b0 m\u1ee5c chi\u1ebfm bao nhi\u00eau dung l\u01b0\u1ee3ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh x\u00f3a, ta d\u00f9ng l\u1ec7nh <code>du -sh<\/code> nh\u01b0 sau:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>du -sh folder_name<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Trong \u0111\u00f3:\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><code>du<\/code>: disk usage<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><code>-s<\/code>: summary (t\u1ed5ng quan)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><code>-h<\/code>: human-readable (hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb d\u1ea1ng d\u1ec5 \u0111\u1ecdc nh\u01b0 20K, 3M, 1.2G)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-dung-tree-d\u1ec3-xem-c\u1ea5u-truc-th\u01b0-m\u1ee5c-tr\u01b0\u1edbc-khi-xoa\"><strong>D\u00f9ng <\/strong><strong>tree<\/strong><strong> \u0111\u1ec3 xem c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac th\u01b0 m\u1ee5c tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi x\u00f3a<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p><code>tree<\/code> l\u00e0 l\u1ec7nh c\u1ef1c k\u1ef3 tr\u1ef1c quan gi\u00fap b\u1ea1n xem to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac th\u01b0 m\u1ee5c d\u01b0\u1edbi d\u1ea1ng d\u1ea1ng c\u00e2y v\u00e0 hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb r\u00f5 t\u1eebng file v\u00e0 t\u1eebng th\u01b0 m\u1ee5c con theo c\u1ea5p b\u1eadc.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>tree folder_name<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>N\u1ebfu m\u00e1y ch\u01b0a c\u00f3 tree, ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00e0i \u0111\u1eb7t nhanh:<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Ubuntu\/Debian:<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>sudo apt install tree<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>CentOS\/RHEL:<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>sudo dnf install tree<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Ho\u1eb7c tr\u00ean c\u00e1c phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n c\u0169 h\u01a1n nh\u01b0 CentOS 7\/RHEL 7 ta d\u00f9ng:<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>sudo yum install tree<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-cach-xoa-directory-trong-linux\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Cach_xoa_directory_trong_Linux\"><\/span><strong>C\u00e1ch xo\u00e1 directory trong Linux<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-dung-l\u1ec7nh-rm-nbsp\"><strong>D\u00f9ng l\u1ec7nh <\/strong>rm<strong>&nbsp;<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>L\u1ec7nh <code>rm<\/code> l\u00e0 c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd v\u00e0 linh ho\u1ea1t nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ec3 xo\u00e1 th\u01b0 m\u1ee5c trong Linux. Tuy nhi\u00ean, m\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ecbnh <code>rm<\/code> ch\u1ec9 xo\u00e1 file, n\u00ean \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00f3a c\u1ea3 th\u01b0 m\u1ee5c, b\u1ea1n c\u1ea7n th\u00eam c\u00e1c t\u00f9y ch\u1ecdn b\u1ed5 sung (<code>-r<\/code>\/ <code>-rf<\/code>):<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Xo\u00e1 th\u01b0 m\u1ee5c c\u00f9ng to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 n\u1ed9i dung<\/strong> (<code>rm -r<\/code>)<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p>Khi m\u1ed9t th\u01b0 m\u1ee5c kh\u00f4ng tr\u1ed1ng (t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 c\u00f3 file ho\u1eb7c th\u01b0 m\u1ee5c con), b\u1ea1n c\u1ea7n d\u00f9ng tu\u1ef3 ch\u1ecdn <code>-r<\/code> (recursive):<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>rm -r folder_name<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>T\u00f9y ch\u1ecdn <code>-r<\/code> c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 xo\u00e1 \u0111\u1ec7 quy: Linux s\u1ebd \u0111i v\u00e0o t\u1eebng th\u01b0 m\u1ee5c con, xo\u00e1 h\u1ebft t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 n\u1ed9i dung b\u00ean trong tr\u01b0\u1edbc, r\u1ed3i m\u1edbi xo\u00e1 th\u01b0 m\u1ee5c g\u1ed1c. C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3u \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n nh\u01b0 khi d\u1ecdn t\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ed3, ch\u00fang ta ph\u1ea3i b\u1ecf h\u1ebft \u0111\u1ed3 b\u00ean trong ra r\u1ed3i m\u1edbi d\u1eb9p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1i t\u1ee7.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol start=\"2\" class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Xo\u00e1 th\u01b0 m\u1ee5c ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n, kh\u00f4ng h\u1ecfi l\u1ea1i<\/strong> (<code>rm -rf<\/code>)<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p>L\u1ec7nh n\u00e0y l\u00e0 phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n \u201cm\u1ea1nh\u201d nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a <code>rm<\/code>, d\u00f9ng khi b\u1ea1n ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn mu\u1ed1n x\u00f3a t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>rm -rf folder_name<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Trong \u0111\u00f3:\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><code>-r<\/code>: xo\u00e1 \u0111\u1ec7 quy<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><code>-f<\/code>: force \u2013 bu\u1ed9c x\u00f3a, b\u1ecf qua m\u1ecdi c\u1ea3nh b\u00e1o, m\u1ecdi l\u1ed7i<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>L\u1ec7nh n\u00e0y s\u1ebd:\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Kh\u00f4ng h\u1ecfi ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Kh\u00f4ng d\u1eebng l\u1ea1i khi g\u1eb7p file locked, file b\u1ecb gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n quy\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecdc<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>X\u00f3a s\u1ea1ch to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 th\u01b0 m\u1ee5c d\u00f9 c\u00f3 h\u00e0ng ngh\u00ecn file<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>V\u00ec m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 \u201cm\u1ea1nh tay\u201d, l\u1ec7nh n\u00e0y th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem l\u00e0 nguy hi\u1ec3m. M\u1ed9t sai s\u00f3t nh\u1ecf nh\u01b0 g\u00f5 nh\u1ea7m \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1eabn c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 xo\u00e1 g\u1ea7n nh\u01b0 to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng. Do \u0111\u00f3, <strong>ch\u1ec9 d\u00f9ng khi b\u1ea1n th\u1eadt s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec3u m\u00ecnh \u0111ang l\u00e0m g\u00ec v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 ki\u1ec3m tra k\u1ef9 th\u01b0 m\u1ee5c tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi xo\u00e1.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-dung-l\u1ec7nh-rmdir\"><strong>D\u00f9ng l\u1ec7nh <\/strong>rmdir<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p><code>rmdir<\/code> l\u00e0 l\u1ec7nh d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 xo\u00e1 th\u01b0 m\u1ee5c tr\u1ed1ng. N\u00f3 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n v\u00e0 an to\u00e0n h\u01a1n nhi\u1ec1u so v\u1edbi <code>rm<\/code>.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><code>rmdir<\/code> ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p cho nh\u1eefng t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>B\u1ea1n t\u1ea1o m\u1ed9t th\u01b0 m\u1ee5c nh\u1ea7m v\u00e0 mu\u1ed1n xo\u00e1 lu\u00f4n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>M\u1ed9t th\u01b0 m\u1ee5c system t\u1ef1 sinh ra nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng d\u00f9ng<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>B\u1ea1n mu\u1ed1n ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn r\u1eb1ng ch\u1ec9 th\u01b0 m\u1ee5c ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n tr\u1ed1ng m\u1edbi b\u1ecb xo\u00e1<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>rmdir folder_name<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>N\u1ebfu th\u01b0 m\u1ee5c c\u00f2n ch\u1ee9a b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 file ho\u1eb7c th\u01b0 m\u1ee5c con n\u00e0o, Linux s\u1ebd b\u00e1o l\u1ed7i nh\u01b0 sau:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>rmdir: failed to remove 'folder_name': Directory not empty<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>=&gt; Ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 \u201cKh\u00f4ng xo\u00e1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c, v\u00ec th\u01b0 m\u1ee5c kh\u00f4ng tr\u1ed1ng\u201d.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-l\u01b0u-y-khi-thao-tac-remove-directory-trong-linux\"><strong>L\u01b0u \u00fd khi thao t\u00e1c remove directory trong Linux<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>N\u1ebfu th\u01b0 m\u1ee5c thu\u1ed9c s\u1edf h\u1eefu root ho\u1eb7c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng, b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u1ea7n d\u00f9ng <code>sudo<\/code> (v\u00ed d\u1ee5: <code>sudo rm -r folder_name<\/code>), nh\u01b0ng h\u00e3y c\u1ea9n th\u1eadn v\u00ec <code>sudo<\/code> l\u00e0m t\u0103ng r\u1ee7i ro x\u00f3a nh\u1ea7m.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Lu\u00f4n ki\u1ec3m tra quy\u1ec1n truy c\u1eadp (permission) tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi x\u00f3a, v\u00ec b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u1eb7p l\u1ed7i &#8220;Permission denied&#8221; n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 quy\u1ec1n sudo ho\u1eb7c ownership ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-b\u1ea3ng-tom-t\u1eaft-cac-l\u1ec7nh-remove-directory-trong-linux\"><strong>B\u1ea3ng t\u00f3m t\u1eaft c\u00e1c l\u1ec7nh remove directory trong Linux<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><tbody><tr><td><strong>L\u1ec7nh<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>D\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m g\u00ec?<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>C\u00f3 x\u00f3a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u01b0 m\u1ee5c c\u00f3 n\u1ed9i dung kh\u00f4ng?<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>M\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 an to\u00e0n<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>Tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p<\/strong><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><code>rmdir<\/code><\/td><td>Xo\u00e1 th\u01b0 m\u1ee5c tr\u1ed1ng<\/td><td>Kh\u00f4ng<\/td><td>An to\u00e0n nh\u1ea5t<\/td><td>Khi ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn th\u01b0 m\u1ee5c kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 d\u1eef li\u1ec7u ho\u1eb7c mu\u1ed1n tr\u00e1nh xo\u00e1 nh\u1ea7m<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><code>rm -r<\/code><\/td><td>Xo\u00e1 th\u01b0 m\u1ee5c v\u00e0 to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 n\u1ed9i dung<\/td><td>C\u00f3<\/td><td>C\u00f3 c\u1ea3nh b\u00e1o n\u1ebfu g\u1eb7p l\u1ed7i<\/td><td>Khi c\u1ea7n xo\u00e1 th\u01b0 m\u1ee5c c\u00f3 file con ho\u1eb7c th\u01b0 m\u1ee5c con<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><code>rm -rf<\/code><\/td><td>Xo\u00e1 th\u01b0 m\u1ee5c m\u1ea1nh, kh\u00f4ng h\u1ecfi l\u1ea1i, b\u1ecf qua l\u1ed7i<\/td><td>C\u00f3<\/td><td>Nguy hi\u1ec3m, d\u1ec5 xo\u00e1 nh\u1ea7m h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng<\/td><td>Khi mu\u1ed1n xo\u00e1 nhanh, t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u00f3a, ho\u1eb7c th\u01b0 m\u1ee5c \u201cc\u1ee9ng \u0111\u1ea7u\u201d<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-m\u1ed9t-s\u1ed1-tip-tranh-tai-n\u1ea1n-khi-xoa-directory\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Mot_so_tip_tranh_%E2%80%9Ctai_nan%E2%80%9D_khi_xoa_directory\"><\/span><strong>M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 tip tr\u00e1nh \u201ctai n\u1ea1n\u201d khi xo\u00e1 directory<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-1-luon-ki\u1ec3m-tra-d\u01b0\u1eddng-d\u1eabn-tr\u01b0\u1edbc-khi-go-l\u1ec7nh-xoa\"><strong>1. Lu\u00f4n ki\u1ec3m tra \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1eabn tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi g\u00f5 l\u1ec7nh xo\u00e1<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Trong terminal, b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111ang \u1edf b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 th\u01b0 m\u1ee5c n\u00e0o, v\u00e0 l\u1ec7nh xo\u00e1 th\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o current directory. R\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi g\u00f5 nh\u1ea7m l\u1ec7nh \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n v\u00ec t\u01b0\u1edfng m\u00ecnh \u0111ang \u1edf m\u1ed9t th\u01b0 m\u1ee5c kh\u00e1c. V\u00ed d\u1ee5, b\u1ea1n ngh\u0129 m\u00ecnh \u0111ang \u1edf <code>\/home\/user\/Downloads<\/code> nh\u01b0ng th\u1ef1c ra \u0111ang \u1edf <code>\/home\/user<\/code>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0110\u1ec3 ki\u1ec3m tra h\u00e3y d\u00f9ng l\u1ec7nh:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>pwd<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>=&gt; L\u1ec7nh n\u00e0y s\u1ebd in ra \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1eabn hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i. N\u1ebfu \u0111\u00fang th\u01b0 m\u1ee5c b\u1ea1n mu\u1ed1n thao t\u00e1c th\u00ec m\u1edbi ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c xo\u00e1.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-2-xem-ben-trong-th\u01b0-m\u1ee5c-co-gi-tr\u01b0\u1edbc-khi-xoa\"><strong>2. Xem b\u00ean trong th\u01b0 m\u1ee5c c\u00f3 g\u00ec tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi xo\u00e1<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0110\u1ec3 kh\u00f4ng m\u1ea5t file quan tr\u1ecdng b\u1ea1n n\u00ean ki\u1ec3m tra k\u0129 th\u01b0 m\u1ee5c tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi x\u00f3a \u0111\u1ec3 xem th\u01b0 m\u1ee5c c\u00f3 th\u1eadt s\u1ef1 l\u00e0 th\u01b0 m\u1ee5c r\u1ed7ng hay kh\u00f4ng, c\u00f3 file quan tr\u1ecdng kh\u00f4ng, c\u00f3 \u1ea9n file kh\u00f4ng\u2026 v\u1edbi c\u00e1c c\u00e1ch sau:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>ls folder_name<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>N\u1ebfu c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u file ho\u1eb7c c\u00f3 th\u01b0 m\u1ee5c con, b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u00f9ng:<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>ls -l folder_name<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Ho\u1eb7c d\u00f9ng <code>tree<\/code>:<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>tree folder_name<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-3-tranh-dung-rm-rf-n\u1ebfu-khong-ch\u1eafc-ch\u1eafn-100\"><strong>3. Tr\u00e1nh d\u00f9ng <\/strong>rm -rf<strong> n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn 100%<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p><code>rm -rf<\/code> l\u00e0 l\u1ec7nh \u201cquy\u1ec1n l\u1ef1c\u201d nh\u1ea5t trong Linux, n\u00f3 xo\u00e1 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 m\u1ecdi th\u1ee9 m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng h\u1ecfi l\u1ea1i. D\u00f9 l\u00e0 th\u01b0 m\u1ee5c l\u1edbn, nh\u1ecf, c\u00f3 quy\u1ec1n hay kh\u00f4ng, n\u00f3 v\u1eabn xo\u00e1 s\u1ea1ch. V\u00ed d\u1ee5, ch\u1ec9 c\u1ea7n g\u00f5 nh\u1ea7m:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>rm -rf \/home\/user\/*<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>th\u00e0nh:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>rm -rf \/home\/*<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>=&gt; B\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 xo\u00e1 to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 th\u01b0 m\u1ee5c c\u1ee7a t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 user tr\u00ean m\u00e1y. Ho\u1eb7c t\u1ec7 h\u01a1n, <code>rm -rf \/ *<\/code> c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u00f3a to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng n\u1ebfu d\u00f9ng sudo.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>V\u00ec v\u1eady, h\u00e3y ch\u1ec9 d\u00f9ng <code>rm -rf<\/code> khi:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>B\u1ea1n \u0111\u00e3 xem n\u1ed9i dung th\u01b0 m\u1ee5c<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>B\u1ea1n ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1eabn kh\u00f4ng sai<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>B\u1ea1n bi\u1ebft l\u1ec7nh m\u00ecnh \u0111ang ch\u1ea1y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00e2y h\u1eadu qu\u1ea3 g\u00ec<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-4-s\u1eed-d\u1ee5ng-alias-d\u1ec3-tang-an-toan-tip-nang-cao\"><strong>4. S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng alias \u0111\u1ec3 t\u0103ng an to\u00e0n (tip n\u00e2ng cao)<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0110\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh vi\u1ec7c l\u1ee1 tay x\u00f3a nh\u1ea7m file, b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp m\u1ed9t alias cho l\u1ec7nh <code>rm<\/code> trong <code>file ~\/.bashrc<\/code>. Alias n\u00e0y s\u1ebd y\u00eau c\u1ea7u b\u1ea1n x\u00e1c nh\u1eadn tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi x\u00f3a b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 th\u1ee9 g\u00ec:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>alias rm='rm -i'<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>Sau khi th\u00eam d\u00f2ng tr\u00ean v\u00e0o ~\/.bashrc, ch\u1ea1y l\u1ec7nh n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec3 \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng ngay:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>source ~\/.bashrc<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>C\u00e1ch l\u00e0m n\u00e0y r\u1ea5t h\u1eefu \u00edch cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1edbi ho\u1eb7c khi thao t\u00e1c tr\u00ean h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng quan tr\u1ecdng, v\u00ec gi\u1ea3m nguy c\u01a1 x\u00f3a nh\u1ea7m d\u1eef li\u1ec7u. Tuy nhi\u00ean, b\u1ea1n kh\u00f4ng n\u00ean d\u00f9ng alias n\u00e0y trong c\u00e1c script t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng, b\u1edfi n\u00f3 s\u1ebd khi\u1ebfn script b\u1ecb \u201c\u0111\u1ee9ng\u201d khi g\u1eb7p b\u01b0\u1edbc y\u00eau c\u1ea7u x\u00e1c nh\u1eadn.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-cac-cau-h\u1ecfi-th\u01b0\u1eddng-g\u1eb7p-v\u1ec1-remove-directory-trong-linux\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Cac_cau_hoi_thuong_gap_ve_remove_directory_trong_Linux\"><\/span><strong>C\u00e1c c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1eb7p v\u1ec1 remove directory trong Linux<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-xoa-th\u01b0-m\u1ee5c-b\u1eb1ng-rm-co-th\u1ec3-khoi-ph\u1ee5c-l\u1ea1i-d\u01b0\u1ee3c-khong\"><strong>X\u00f3a th\u01b0 m\u1ee5c b\u1eb1ng <\/strong><strong>rm<\/strong><strong> c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kh\u00f4i ph\u1ee5c l\u1ea1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u00f4ng?<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng. Khi d\u00f9ng <code>rm<\/code>, Linux kh\u00f4ng chuy\u1ec3n d\u1eef li\u1ec7u v\u00e0o \u201cth\u00f9ng r\u00e1c\u201d nh\u01b0 Windows m\u00e0 x\u00f3a tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp c\u00e1c entry trong h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng t\u1ec7p. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y khi\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c kh\u00f4i ph\u1ee5c g\u1ea7n nh\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng d\u00f9ng c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i chuy\u00ean s\u00e2u nh\u01b0 <code>extundelete<\/code> (d\u00e0nh cho filesystem ext2\/3\/4) v\u00e0 \u1ed5 \u0111\u0129a kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb ghi \u0111\u00e8.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Tuy nhi\u00ean, t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 kh\u00f4i ph\u1ee5c th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng r\u1ea5t th\u1ea5p. C\u00e1c tool ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn kh\u00e1c bao g\u1ed3m TestDisk ho\u1eb7c PhotoRec, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 qu\u00e9t to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 \u1ed5 \u0111\u0129a \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00ecm d\u1eef li\u1ec7u b\u1ecb x\u00f3a. V\u00ec v\u1eady, tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi d\u00f9ng <code>rm -r<\/code> ho\u1eb7c <code>rm -rf<\/code>, b\u1ea1n n\u00ean ki\u1ec3m tra th\u1eadt k\u1ef9 ho\u1eb7c t\u1ea1o b\u1ea3n sao d\u1ef1 ph\u00f2ng n\u1ebfu d\u1eef li\u1ec7u quan tr\u1ecdng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-co-l\u1ec7nh-nao-an-toan-h\u01a1n-d\u1ec3-xoa-th\u01b0-m\u1ee5c-khong\"><strong>C\u00f3 l\u1ec7nh n\u00e0o \u201can to\u00e0n h\u01a1n\u201d \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00f3a th\u01b0 m\u1ee5c kh\u00f4ng?<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>C\u00f3. N\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n mu\u1ed1n \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng ch\u1ec9 th\u01b0 m\u1ee5c tr\u1ed1ng m\u1edbi b\u1ecb x\u00f3a t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 gi\u1ea3m nguy c\u01a1 x\u00f3a nh\u1ea7m th\u00ec h\u00e3y d\u00f9ng <code>rmdir<\/code>.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><code>rmdir<\/code> ch\u1ec9 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng khi th\u01b0 m\u1ee5c ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n tr\u1ed1ng, c\u00f2n n\u1ebfu c\u00f3 d\u1eef li\u1ec7u, Linux s\u1ebd b\u00e1o l\u1ed7i v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng x\u00f3a g\u00ec c\u1ea3. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn an to\u00e0n nh\u1ea5t, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t khi d\u1ecdn d\u1eb9p c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac th\u01b0 m\u1ee5c ho\u1eb7c thao t\u00e1c tr\u00ean m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng production. Ngo\u00e0i ra, n\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n lo ng\u1ea1i r\u1ee7i ro, b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u00f9ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p hai b\u01b0\u1edbc: ki\u1ec3m tra tr\u01b0\u1edbc (<code>ls<\/code>, <code>tree<\/code>) r\u1ed3i m\u1edbi d\u00f9ng <code>rm -r<\/code>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-vi-sao-noi-l\u1ec7nh-rm-rf-la-l\u1ec7nh-nguy-hi\u1ec3m\"><strong>V\u00ec sao n\u00f3i l\u1ec7nh <\/strong>rm -rf<strong> l\u00e0 l\u1ec7nh nguy hi\u1ec3m?<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>V\u00ec <code>rm -rf<\/code> xo\u00e1 to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 th\u01b0 m\u1ee5c v\u00e0 m\u1ecdi th\u1ee9 b\u00ean trong m\u00e0 <strong>kh\u00f4ng h\u1ecfi l\u1ea1i<\/strong>, <strong>kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea3nh b\u00e1o<\/strong>, <strong>kh\u00f4ng d\u1eebng l\u1ea1i<\/strong> d\u00f9 g\u1eb7p file quan tr\u1ecdng hay file kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 quy\u1ec1n. Ch\u1ec9 c\u1ea7n g\u00f5 nh\u1ea7m \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1eabn m\u1ed9t ch\u00fat, b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 xo\u00e1 s\u1ea1ch d\u1eef li\u1ec7u ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng, project \u0111ang l\u00e0m ho\u1eb7c th\u1eadm ch\u00ed to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-lam-gi-n\u1ebfu-l\u1ee1-xoa-nh\u1ea7m-th\u01b0-m\u1ee5c-b\u1eb1ng-rm\"><strong>L\u00e0m g\u00ec n\u1ebfu l\u1ee1 x\u00f3a nh\u1ea7m th\u01b0 m\u1ee5c b\u1eb1ng rm?<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>N\u1ebfu ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n ngay l\u1eadp t\u1ee9c (tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi ghi \u0111\u00e8 d\u1eef li\u1ec7u), h\u00e3y:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>D\u1eebng ngay m\u1ecdi ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng tr\u00ean \u1ed5 \u0111\u0129a: <\/strong>Vi\u1ec7c ghi th\u00eam d\u1eef li\u1ec7u m\u1edbi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ghi \u0111\u00e8 l\u00ean ph\u1ea7n d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb x\u00f3a, khi\u1ebfn qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh kh\u00f4i ph\u1ee5c kh\u00f3 h\u01a1n ho\u1eb7c kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 kh\u00f4i ph\u1ee5c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>D\u00f9ng c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i d\u1eef li\u1ec7u nh\u01b0 TestDisk ho\u1eb7c PhotoRec: <\/strong>\u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng tool m\u1ea1nh \u0111\u1ec3 qu\u00e9t l\u1ea1i \u1ed5 \u0111\u0129a v\u00e0 kh\u00f4i ph\u1ee5c file \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb xo\u00e1, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t khi b\u1ea1n ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n s\u1edbm.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Kh\u00f4ng ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c c\u00e0i \u0111\u1eb7t ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m, copy file ho\u1eb7c t\u1ea1o th\u01b0 m\u1ee5c m\u1edbi<\/strong> tr\u00ean c\u00f9ng ph\u00e2n v\u00f9ng ch\u1ee9a d\u1eef li\u1ec7u b\u1ecb x\u00f3a.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai, n\u00ean b\u1eadt ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 x\u00e1c nh\u1eadn tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi x\u00f3a<\/strong> b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch th\u00eam alias v\u00e0o <code>~\/.bashrc<\/code>:<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>alias rm='rm -i'<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>L\u1ec7nh n\u00e0y bu\u1ed9c rm h\u1ecfi \u201cAre you sure?\u201d tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi x\u00f3a, gi\u00fap gi\u1ea3m \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 nguy c\u01a1 x\u00f3a nh\u1ea7m.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-co-c\u1ea7n-sudo-d\u1ec3-xoa-th\u01b0-m\u1ee5c-h\u1ec7-th\u1ed1ng-khong\"><strong>C\u00f3 c\u1ea7n sudo \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00f3a th\u01b0 m\u1ee5c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng kh\u00f4ng?<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>C\u00f3, n\u1ebfu th\u01b0 m\u1ee5c thu\u1ed9c s\u1edf h\u1eefu root (nh\u01b0 <code>\/etc<\/code> ho\u1eb7c <code>\/var\/log<\/code>), b\u1ea1n c\u1ea7n sudo <code>rm -r<\/code> ho\u1eb7c <code>sudo rmdir<\/code>. Nh\u01b0ng h\u00e3y c\u1ef1c k\u1ef3 c\u1ea9n th\u1eadn v\u00ec <code>sudo rm -rf \/<\/code> c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u00f3a to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng &#8211; m\u1ed9t sai l\u1ea7m ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c ph\u1ea3i reinstall OS.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-t\u1ed5ng-k\u1ebft\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Tong_ket\"><\/span><strong>T\u1ed5ng k\u1ebft<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>ITviec hy v\u1ecdng th\u00f4ng qua b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft n\u00e0y, b\u1ea1n \u0111\u00e3 n\u1eafm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c nhau gi\u1eefa <code>rm<\/code> v\u00e0 <code>rmdir<\/code>, hi\u1ec3u c\u00e1ch xo\u00e1 th\u01b0 m\u1ee5c an to\u00e0n h\u01a1n v\u00e0 bi\u1ebft c\u00e1ch x\u1eed l\u00fd c\u00e1c t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1eb7p. Remove directory trong Linux th\u1ef1c ra kh\u00f4ng kh\u00f3, nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi b\u1ea1n hi\u1ec3u \u0111\u00fang b\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a t\u1eebng l\u1ec7nh v\u00e0 th\u00f3i quen ki\u1ec3m tra c\u1ea9n th\u1eadn tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi thao t\u00e1c. Ch\u1ec9 c\u1ea7n \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u00fang nh\u1eefng nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n tr\u00ean, b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf t\u1ed1i \u0111a nguy c\u01a1 x\u00f3a nh\u1ea7m d\u1eef li\u1ec7u tr\u00ean Linux.\u00a0<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Trong Linux, thao t\u00e1c v\u1edbi h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng t\u1ec7p (file system) l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t k\u1ef9 n\u0103ng quan tr\u1ecdng m\u00e0 b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng n\u00e0o t\u1eeb ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1edbi \u0111\u1ebfn qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ec1u c\u1ea7n n\u1eafm v\u1eefng. M\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng thao t\u00e1c c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 x\u00f3a th\u01b0 m\u1ee5c (remove directory). Tuy nhi\u00ean, vi\u1ec7c x\u00f3a th\u01b0 m\u1ee5c trong [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":209,"featured_media":95505,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_gspb_post_css":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[109],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-94478","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-chuyen-mon-it"],"blocksy_meta":[],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v26.8 (Yoast SEO v27.7) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-premium-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Remove Directory Linux: H\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn c\u00e1ch x\u00f3a th\u01b0 m\u1ee5c trong Linux - ITviec Blog<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"T\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u c\u00e1ch remove directory Linux v\u1edbi v\u00ed d\u1ee5 d\u1ec5 hi\u1ec3u: xo\u00e1 th\u01b0 m\u1ee5c tr\u1ed1ng, th\u01b0 m\u1ee5c c\u00f3 n\u1ed9i dung v\u00e0 c\u00e1c l\u1ed7i ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn khi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng rm ho\u1eb7c rmdir.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/itviec.com\/blog\/huong-dan-remove-directory-linux\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"vi_VN\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Remove Directory Linux: H\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn c\u00e1ch x\u00f3a th\u01b0 m\u1ee5c trong Linux\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Trong Linux, thao t\u00e1c v\u1edbi h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng t\u1ec7p (file system) l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t k\u1ef9 n\u0103ng quan tr\u1ecdng m\u00e0 b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng n\u00e0o t\u1eeb ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1edbi \u0111\u1ebfn qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ec1u c\u1ea7n n\u1eafm\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/itviec.com\/blog\/huong-dan-remove-directory-linux\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"ITviec Blog\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/ITviec\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2026-04-12T11:22:13+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2026-04-12T11:22:15+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/itviec.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/Remove-Directory-Linux-scaled.png\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"800\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"421\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/png\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"M\u1ef9 Duy\u00ean\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:creator\" content=\"@ITviec\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:site\" content=\"@ITviec\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"\u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c vi\u1ebft b\u1edfi\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"M\u1ef9 Duy\u00ean\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"\u01af\u1edbc t\u00ednh th\u1eddi gian \u0111\u1ecdc\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"13 ph\u00fat\" \/>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO Premium plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"Remove Directory Linux: H\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn c\u00e1ch x\u00f3a th\u01b0 m\u1ee5c trong Linux - 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