{"id":80187,"date":"2024-10-21T13:04:46","date_gmt":"2024-10-21T06:04:46","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/itviec.com\/blog\/?p=80187"},"modified":"2024-10-21T13:04:46","modified_gmt":"2024-10-21T06:04:46","slug":"sql-vs-nosql","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/itviec.com\/blog\/sql-vs-nosql\/","title":{"rendered":"SQL vs NoSQL: C\u00e1ch ch\u1ecdn h\u1ec7 qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p"},"content":{"rendered":"<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_85 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-grey ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<div class=\"ez-toc-title-container\">\n<p class=\"ez-toc-title\" style=\"cursor:inherit\">N\u1ed9i dung b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft<\/p>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-title-toggle\"><a href=\"#\" class=\"ez-toc-pull-right ez-toc-btn ez-toc-btn-xs ez-toc-btn-default ez-toc-toggle\" aria-label=\"Toggle Table of Content\"><span class=\"ez-toc-js-icon-con\"><span class=\"\"><span class=\"eztoc-hide\" style=\"display:none;\">Toggle<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-icon-toggle-span\"><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" class=\"list-377408\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path d=\"M6 6H4v2h2V6zm14 0H8v2h12V6zM4 11h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2zM4 16h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" class=\"arrow-unsorted-368013\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"10px\" height=\"10px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" version=\"1.2\" baseProfile=\"tiny\"><path d=\"M18.2 9.3l-6.2-6.3-6.2 6.3c-.2.2-.3.4-.3.7s.1.5.3.7c.2.2.4.3.7.3h11c.3 0 .5-.1.7-.3.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7zM5.8 14.7l6.2 6.3 6.2-6.3c.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7c-.2-.2-.4-.3-.7-.3h-11c-.3 0-.5.1-.7.3-.2.2-.3.5-.3.7s.1.5.3.7z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/span><\/div>\n<nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 ' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/itviec.com\/blog\/sql-vs-nosql\/#SQL_la_gi\" >SQL l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/itviec.com\/blog\/sql-vs-nosql\/#NoSQL_la_gi\" >NoSQL l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/itviec.com\/blog\/sql-vs-nosql\/#So_sanh_tong_quan_SQL_vs_NoSQL\" >So s\u00e1nh t\u1ed5ng quan SQL vs NoSQL<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/itviec.com\/blog\/sql-vs-nosql\/#SQL_vs_NoSQL_Khi_nao_nen_su_dung_SQL\" >SQL vs NoSQL: Khi n\u00e0o n\u00ean s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng SQL?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/itviec.com\/blog\/sql-vs-nosql\/#SQL_vs_NoSQL_Khi_nao_nen_su_dung_NoSQL\" >SQL vs NoSQL: Khi n\u00e0o n\u00ean s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng NoSQL?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-6\" href=\"https:\/\/itviec.com\/blog\/sql-vs-nosql\/#Cac_cau_hoi_thuong_gap_ve_SQL_vs_NoSQL\" >C\u00e1c c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1eb7p v\u1ec1 SQL vs NoSQL<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-7\" href=\"https:\/\/itviec.com\/blog\/sql-vs-nosql\/#Tong_ket_SQL_vs_NoSQL\" >T\u1ed5ng k\u1ebft SQL vs NoSQL<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<p><em><strong>Trong th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u, SQL database v\u00e0 NoSQL database l\u00e0 hai l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i. M\u1ed7i lo\u1ea1i c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1eb7c tr\u01b0ng v\u00e0 \u01b0u \u0111i\u1ec3m ri\u00eang, ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p kh\u00e1c nhau. Vi\u1ec7c hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t gi\u1eefa SQL vs NoSQL s\u1ebd gi\u00fap b\u1ea1n l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng l\u01b0u tr\u1eef d\u1eef li\u1ec7u ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi nhu c\u1ea7u c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3, t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t v\u00e0 d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd.<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u0110\u1ecdc b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 h\u01a1n v\u1ec1:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">T\u1ed5ng quan v\u1ec1 SQL<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">T\u1ed5ng quan v\u1ec1 NoSQL<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec3m kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t gi\u1eefa SQL vs NoSQL<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Nh\u1eefng tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng SQL vs NoSQL<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"SQL_la_gi\"><\/span><b>SQL l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">SQL (Structured Query Language) l\u00e0 ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c v\u1edbi c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u quan h\u1ec7 (RDBMS) ho\u1eb7c h\u1ec7 qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u quan h\u1ec7 &#8211; \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng (ORDBMS).<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">SQL cho ph\u00e9p ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c thao t\u00e1c nh\u01b0 truy v\u1ea5n, ch\u00e8n, c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt v\u00e0 x\u00f3a d\u1eef li\u1ec7u, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi cung c\u1ea5p c\u00e1c t\u00ednh n\u0103ng qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd v\u00e0 t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o t\u00ednh nh\u1ea5t qu\u00e1n v\u00e0 to\u00e0n v\u1eb9n d\u1eef li\u1ec7u. V\u1edbi c\u00fa ph\u00e1p \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n v\u00e0 d\u1ec5 hi\u1ec3u, SQL \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i trong nhi\u1ec1u l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c nh\u01b0 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch d\u1eef li\u1ec7u, ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m, v\u00e0 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng.<\/span><\/p>\n<blockquote><p>Tham kh\u1ea3o chia s\u1ebb \u0111\u1ed9c quy\u1ec1n gi\u1eefa Chuy\u00ean gia PL\/SQL Developer v\u1edbi 10+ n\u0103m kinh nghi\u1ec7m v\u1edbi ITviec: <a href=\"https:\/\/itviec.com\/blog\/sql-la-gi\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>T\u1ea5t t\u1ea7n t\u1eadt v\u1ec1 ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef SQL \u0111\u1ec1u n\u1eb1m trong b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft n\u00e0y<\/strong><\/a><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<h3><b>D\u1eef li\u1ec7u c\u00f3 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/b><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">D\u1eef li\u1ec7u c\u00f3 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac (structure data) l\u00e0 d\u1ea1ng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u m\u00e0 c\u00e1c th\u00f4ng tin \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ecbnh d\u1ea1ng m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng, theo m\u1ed9t khu\u00f4n m\u1eabu nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Trong c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u quan h\u1ec7, d\u1eef li\u1ec7u c\u00f3 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u01b0u tr\u1eef d\u01b0\u1edbi d\u1ea1ng b\u1ea3ng (table). C\u00e1c b\u1ea3ng n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c li\u00ean k\u1ebft v\u1edbi nhau th\u00f4ng qua c\u00e1c m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 (relationships) nh\u1edd v\u00e0o c\u00e1c kh\u00f3a (key) nh\u01b0 <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">PRIMARY KEY<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> v\u00e0 <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">FOREIGN KEY<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">. Nh\u1edd \u0111\u00f3 cho ph\u00e9p vi\u1ec7c l\u01b0u tr\u1eef v\u00e0 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd d\u1eef li\u1ec7u m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch c\u00f3 t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c, gi\u00fap d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng truy v\u1ea5n v\u00e0 duy tr\u00ec t\u00ednh to\u00e0n v\u1eb9n c\u1ee7a th\u00f4ng tin.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><b>SQL database l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/b><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">SQL database l\u00e0 h\u1ec7 qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u (DBMS) s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef SQL \u0111\u1ec3 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd v\u00e0 t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c v\u1edbi d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c d\u01b0\u1edbi d\u1ea1ng c\u00e1c b\u1ea3ng c\u00f3 quan h\u1ec7. C\u00e1c APIs (giao di\u1ec7n l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng) c\u1ee7a SQL cung c\u1ea5p nhi\u1ec1u nh\u00f3m h\u00e0m gi\u00fap nh\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c thao t\u00e1c v\u1edbi c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i l\u1eb7p \u0111i l\u1eb7p l\u1ea1i t\u1eebng c\u00e2u l\u1ec7nh SQL.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 h\u1ec7 qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb SQL ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn bao g\u1ed3m MySQL, SQL Server v\u00e0 PostgreSQL. C\u00e1c SQL database h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac d\u1eef li\u1ec7u, th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c truy v\u1ea5n ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p v\u00e0 t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t th\u00f4ng qua c\u00e1c t\u00ednh n\u0103ng nh\u01b0 <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">index<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">JOIN<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">stored procedures<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u2026<\/span><\/p>\n<blockquote><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Ngo\u00e0i ra b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u th\u00eam v\u1ec1 <a href=\"https:\/\/itviec.com\/blog\/sql-database-la-gi\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>SQL Database<\/strong><\/a><\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.<\/span><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<h3><b>\u01afu \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a SQL<\/b><\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Cung c\u1ea5p b\u1ed9 l\u1ec7nh chu\u1ea9n h\u00f3a:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> SQL s\u1edf h\u1eefu m\u1ed9t b\u1ed9 l\u1ec7nh chu\u1ea9n cho vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a, truy v\u1ea5n, c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt v\u00e0 qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb d\u1eef li\u1ec7u trong h\u1ec7 qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u quan h\u1ec7 (RDBMS). C\u00e1c l\u1ec7nh c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n bao g\u1ed3m: SELECT, INSERT, DELETE, UPDATE,&#8230;<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c truy v\u1ea5n ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> SQL h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 c\u00e1c truy v\u1ea5n ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng JOIN, GROUP BY, ORDER BY v\u00e0 c\u00e1c h\u00e0m t\u00ednh to\u00e1n, t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p, gi\u00fap cho vi\u1ec7c\u00a0 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch d\u1eef li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 tr\u00edch xu\u1ea5t th\u00f4ng tin t\u1eeb nhi\u1ec1u b\u1ea3ng trong c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng h\u01a1n.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>\u0110\u1ed9 tin c\u1eady cao:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Nh\u1edd tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 theo t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t ACID, c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng SQL \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o d\u1eef li\u1ec7u lu\u00f4n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c to\u00e0n v\u1eb9n, nh\u1ea5t qu\u00e1n v\u00e0 b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng ngay c\u1ea3 khi x\u1ea3y ra l\u1ed7i hay s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1 b\u1ea5t ng\u1edd.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>B\u1ea3o m\u1eadt cao:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> SQL cung c\u1ea5p c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd nh\u01b0 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t truy c\u1eadp v\u00e0 quy\u1ec1n h\u1ea1n chi ti\u1ebft (Role-Based Access Control &#8211; RBAC), cho ph\u00e9p qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb vi\u00ean x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c ai c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 xem, ch\u1ec9nh s\u1eeda hay x\u00f3a d\u1eef li\u1ec7u. M\u00e3 h\u00f3a d\u1eef li\u1ec7u gi\u00fap b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 d\u1eef li\u1ec7u kh\u1ecfi nh\u1eefng truy c\u1eadp tr\u00e1i ph\u00e9p.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>T\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u00edch v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng v\u00e0 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Do SQL \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n l\u00e2u \u0111\u1eddi, n\u00f3 c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u00edch t\u1ed1t v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 BI (Business Intelligence), ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m ph\u00e2n t\u00edch v\u00e0 c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng kinh doanh. SQL c\u0169ng c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn nh\u01b0 Python, Java, PHP v\u00e0 c\u00e1c framework nh\u01b0 Django, Ruby on Rails.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3><b>Nh\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a SQL<\/b><\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Giao di\u1ec7n ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">: M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 SQL d\u1ec5 h\u1ecdc cho c\u00e1c thao t\u00e1c c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n, nh\u01b0ng vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c t\u00ednh n\u0103ng n\u00e2ng cao v\u00e0 t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p, \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi k\u1ef9 n\u0103ng chuy\u00ean s\u00e2u t\u1eeb qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb vi\u00ean c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n v\u1ec1 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng v\u1edbi d\u1eef li\u1ec7u l\u1edbn<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">: Khi x\u1eed l\u00fd c\u00e1c t\u1eadp d\u1eef li\u1ec7u l\u1edbn v\u00e0 ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p, hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a SQL c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3m, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c truy v\u1ea5n ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p ho\u1eb7c c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Thi\u1ebfu linh ho\u1ea1t cho d\u1eef li\u1ec7u phi c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">: SQL \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf cho d\u1eef li\u1ec7u c\u00f3 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac (tables, columns), n\u00ean g\u1eb7p kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n khi x\u1eed l\u00fd d\u1eef li\u1ec7u phi c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac ho\u1eb7c b\u00e1n c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>V\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt ti\u1ec1m \u1ea9n<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">: M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 SQL c\u00f3 c\u00e1c t\u00ednh n\u0103ng b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd, nh\u01b0ng n\u00f3 v\u1eabn d\u1ec5 b\u1ecb t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng <\/span><b>SQL Injection<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> n\u1ebfu \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u00e3 h\u00f3a c\u1ea9n th\u1eadn, d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn nguy c\u01a1 x\u00e2m nh\u1eadp tr\u00e1i ph\u00e9p ho\u1eb7c r\u00f2 r\u1ec9 d\u1eef li\u1ec7u.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Chi ph\u00ed tri\u1ec3n khai v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec cao<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">: Vi\u1ec7c tri\u1ec3n khai v\u00e0 duy tr\u00ec h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng SQL m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 v\u1edbi c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ed1n k\u00e9m. C\u00e1c doanh nghi\u1ec7p nh\u1ecf c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u1eb7p kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n trong vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng chi ph\u00ed n\u00e0y.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"NoSQL_la_gi\"><\/span><b>NoSQL l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">NoSQL (Not only SQL) l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef chung ch\u1ec9 c\u00e1c c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u kh\u00f4ng d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh quan h\u1ec7 truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u SQL.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Thay v\u00ec t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o vi\u1ec7c duy tr\u00ec c\u00e1c m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c b\u1ea3ng, NoSQL \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u0111\u1ec3 x\u1eed l\u00fd c\u00e1c t\u1eadp d\u1eef li\u1ec7u l\u1edbn v\u00e0 ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p, gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft c\u00e1c b\u00e0i to\u00e1n v\u1ec1 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng linh ho\u1ea1t m\u00e0 c\u00e1c c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u quan h\u1ec7 (RDBMS) truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">NoSQL cho ph\u00e9p l\u01b0u tr\u1eef d\u1eef li\u1ec7u d\u01b0\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ecbnh d\u1ea1ng kh\u00e1c nhau nh\u01b0 key-value, document, graph, v\u00e0 column-family, gi\u00fap t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a vi\u1ec7c l\u01b0u tr\u1eef, truy xu\u1ea5t v\u00e0 x\u1eed l\u00fd d\u1eef li\u1ec7u phi c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac ho\u1eb7c b\u00e1n c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac.<\/span><\/p>\n<blockquote><p><em>\u0110\u1ecdc th\u00eam: <a href=\"https:\/\/itviec.com\/blog\/nosql-la-gi\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>NoSQL l\u00e0 g\u00ec? V\u00ec sao g\u1ecdi NoSQL l\u00e0 b\u01b0\u1edbc ti\u1ebfn m\u1edbi trong qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd d\u1eef li\u1ec7u?<\/strong><\/a><\/em><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<h3><b>D\u1eef li\u1ec7u phi c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/b><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">D\u1eef li\u1ec7u phi c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac l\u00e0 d\u1ea1ng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u kh\u00f4ng tu\u00e2n theo m\u1ed9t m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh d\u1eef li\u1ec7u d\u1ea1ng b\u1ea3ng truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng v\u00e0 d\u1ec5 nh\u1eadn bi\u1ebft nh\u01b0 trong c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u quan h\u1ec7. C\u00e1c th\u00f4ng tin nh\u01b0 t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u v\u0103n b\u1ea3n, h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh, video ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1c b\u00e0i \u0111\u0103ng tr\u00ean m\u1ea1ng x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ecbnh d\u1ea1ng kh\u00e1c nhau v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">D\u1eef li\u1ec7u phi c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac kh\u00f3 x\u1eed l\u00fd v\u00e0 t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c theo d\u1ea1ng b\u1ea3ng truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng, nh\u01b0ng l\u1ea1i ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi c\u00e1ch l\u01b0u tr\u1eef c\u1ee7a NoSQL, n\u01a1i m\u00e0 m\u1ed7i t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ee9a d\u1eef li\u1ec7u theo nhi\u1ec1u d\u1ea1ng v\u00e0 ki\u1ec3u kh\u00e1c nhau.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><b>NoSQL database l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/b><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">NoSQL database l\u00e0 h\u1ec7 qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 l\u01b0u tr\u1eef v\u00e0 truy xu\u1ea5t d\u1eef li\u1ec7u phi c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac, b\u00e1n c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac v\u00e0 c\u1ea3 d\u1eef li\u1ec7u c\u00f3 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean c\u00e1c b\u1ea3ng quan h\u1ec7. NoSQL database chia th\u00e0nh nhi\u1ec1u lo\u1ea1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m kh\u00e1c nhau \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi t\u1eebng lo\u1ea1i d\u1eef li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u x\u1eed l\u00fd:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Document databases:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> L\u01b0u tr\u1eef d\u1eef li\u1ec7u d\u01b0\u1edbi d\u1ea1ng t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u JSON ho\u1eb7c BSON. M\u1ed7i t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ee9a c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng (field) kh\u00e1c nhau, linh ho\u1ea1t trong vi\u1ec7c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c d\u1eef li\u1ec7u. V\u00ed d\u1ee5: MongoDB, Couchbase.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Key-value databases:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> L\u01b0u tr\u1eef d\u1eef li\u1ec7u theo c\u1eb7p key-value, cho ph\u00e9p truy xu\u1ea5t d\u1eef li\u1ec7u nhanh ch\u00f3ng th\u00f4ng qua kh\u00f3a. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 d\u1ea1ng m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n nh\u1ea5t trong h\u1ec7 NoSQL, n\u00f3 ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p cho c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng c\u1ea7n t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm nhanh, x\u1eed l\u00fd t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 cao nh\u01b0 b\u1ed9 nh\u1edb \u0111\u1ec7m (caching) hay qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd session. V\u00ed d\u1ee5: Redis, DynamoDB.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Column-family stores:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> T\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c d\u1eef li\u1ec7u theo c\u1ed9t thay v\u00ec h\u00e0ng nh\u01b0 trong RDBMS. Column-family stores c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a cho vi\u1ec7c x\u1eed l\u00fd truy v\u1ea5n n\u00ean r\u1ea5t ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p cho c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng ph\u00e2n t\u00edch d\u1eef li\u1ec7u l\u1edbn v\u00e0 c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t cao. V\u00ed d\u1ee5: Cassandra, HBase.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Graph databases:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> L\u01b0u tr\u1eef d\u1eef li\u1ec7u d\u01b0\u1edbi d\u1ea1ng c\u00e1c n\u00fat v\u00e0 m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 (edges), gi\u00fap th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n v\u00e0 x\u1eed l\u00fd d\u1eef li\u1ec7u ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p c\u00f3 li\u00ean k\u1ebft m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd, ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng nh\u01b0 m\u1ea1ng x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i, h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ec1 xu\u1ea5t. V\u00ed d\u1ee5: Neo4j, ArangoDB.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<blockquote><p><em>\u0110\u1ecdc th\u00eam: <a href=\"https:\/\/itviec.com\/blog\/cac-loai-co-so-du-lieu-nosql\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>C\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u NoSQL: \u0110\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a, \u01afu \u2013 Nh\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec3m v\u00e0 \u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng<\/strong><\/a><\/em><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<h3><b>\u01afu \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a NoSQL<\/b><\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li><b>Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng theo chi\u1ec1u ngang: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">NoSQL \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u0111\u1ec3 m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng theo chi\u1ec1u ngang, t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u00eam nhi\u1ec1u m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 h\u01a1n v\u00e0o h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ph\u00e2n t\u00e1n \u0111\u1ec3 x\u1eed l\u00fd d\u1eef li\u1ec7u l\u1edbn v\u00e0 dung l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u01b0u tr\u1eef. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y kh\u00e1c v\u1edbi SQL khi th\u01b0\u1eddng y\u00eau c\u1ea7u m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng theo chi\u1ec1u d\u1ecdc (n\u00e2ng c\u1ea5p ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee9ng h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng).<\/span><\/li>\n<li><b>C\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng t\u1ea3i t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 ph\u00e2n m\u1ea3nh (Sharding):<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Nhi\u1ec1u c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u NoSQL cung c\u1ea5p t\u00ednh n\u0103ng ph\u00e2n m\u1ea3nh v\u00e0 c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng t\u1ea3i t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng, gi\u00fap ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i d\u1eef li\u1ec7u tr\u00ean nhi\u1ec1u n\u00fat trong h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng, t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t v\u00e0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 h\u01a1n.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><b>Linh ho\u1ea1t trong c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac d\u1eef li\u1ec7u:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> NoSQL s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng l\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ed3 \u0111\u1ed9ng, cho ph\u00e9p thay \u0111\u1ed5i c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac d\u1eef li\u1ec7u m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch linh ho\u1ea1t. C\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng trong m\u1ed9t b\u1ea3n ghi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kh\u00e1c nhau gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u, gi\u00fap d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng th\u00edch nghi v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng thay \u0111\u1ed5i ho\u1eb7c d\u1eef li\u1ec7u kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed3ng nh\u1ea5t.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><b>X\u1eed l\u00fd t\u1ed1t d\u1eef li\u1ec7u phi c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac v\u00e0 b\u00e1n c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> NoSQL t\u1ed1i \u01b0u cho vi\u1ec7c l\u01b0u tr\u1eef c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i d\u1eef li\u1ec7u phi c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac ho\u1eb7c b\u00e1n c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac nh\u01b0 m\u1ea1ng x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i, video, h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh,&#8230; v\u00e0 th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i v\u1edbi ngu\u1ed3n d\u1eef li\u1ec7u kh\u00f4ng \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00e0 kh\u00f3 \u0111o\u00e1n tr\u01b0\u1edbc (v\u00ed d\u1ee5 nh\u01b0 d\u1eef li\u1ec7u do ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng t\u1ea1o ra).<\/span><\/li>\n<li><b>Hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t cao:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng truy xu\u1ea5t v\u00e0 x\u1eed l\u00fd d\u1eef li\u1ec7u nhanh ch\u00f3ng nh\u1edd v\u00e0o c\u00e1ch t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c l\u01b0u tr\u1eef t\u1ed1i \u01b0u cho t\u1eebng lo\u1ea1i d\u1eef li\u1ec7u.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><b>D\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng t\u00edch h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">: NoSQL d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng t\u00edch h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 ti\u00ean ti\u1ebfn nh\u01b0 microservices, cloud computing v\u00e0 big data, gi\u00fap NoSQL tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn l\u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng cho c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i, n\u01a1i m\u00e0 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u v\u1ec1 t\u00ednh linh ho\u1ea1t, m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t cao l\u00e0 r\u1ea5t c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3><b>Nh\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a NoSQL<\/b><\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Thi\u1ebfu chu\u1ea9n h\u00f3a<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">: M\u1ed7i lo\u1ea1i c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u NoSQL c\u00f3 c\u00e1ch t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c v\u00e0 truy v\u1ea5n d\u1eef li\u1ec7u ri\u00eang v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef truy v\u1ea5n chu\u1ea9n nh\u01b0 SQL, g\u00e2y kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n khi di chuy\u1ec3n ho\u1eb7c l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c v\u1edbi c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng NoSQL kh\u00e1c nhau.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>H\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 ACID h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">: NoSQL th\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00f4ng ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 c\u00e1c thu\u1ed9c t\u00ednh ACID (T\u00ednh nguy\u00ean t\u1eed, Nh\u1ea5t qu\u00e1n, C\u00f4 l\u1eadp v\u00e0 B\u1ec1n v\u1eefng). \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn t\u00ednh to\u00e0n v\u1eb9n c\u1ee7a d\u1eef li\u1ec7u trong c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi s\u1ef1 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c cao v\u1ec1 giao d\u1ecbch.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng giao d\u1ecbch h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">: C\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng NoSQL thi\u1ebfu h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 cho c\u00e1c giao d\u1ecbch ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p, l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p v\u00e0 quan tr\u1ecdng trong m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c trong qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd t\u00ednh nh\u1ea5t qu\u00e1n<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">: NoSQL \u01b0u ti\u00ean kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ph\u00e2n v\u00f9ng v\u00e0 t\u00ednh s\u1eb5n s\u00e0ng, d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh nh\u1ea5t qu\u00e1n cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng (eventual consistency). \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00e2y kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n trong vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o t\u00ednh nh\u1ea5t qu\u00e1n c\u1ee7a d\u1eef li\u1ec7u trong m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>C\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">: NoSQL th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 h\u1ec7 sinh th\u00e1i v\u00e0 t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 \u00edt ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n h\u01a1n so v\u1edbi SQL. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m t\u0103ng kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng trong vi\u1ec7c t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p ho\u1eb7c x\u1eed l\u00fd s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1 khi l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c v\u1edbi NoSQL.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p trong vi\u1ec7c m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">: M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 NoSQL h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng theo chi\u1ec1u ngang, vi\u1ec7c qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ph\u00e2n t\u00e1n, ph\u00e2n v\u00f9ng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o t\u00ednh s\u1eb5n s\u00e0ng cao c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra nh\u1eefng th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p cho qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb vi\u00ean.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"So_sanh_tong_quan_SQL_vs_NoSQL\"><\/span><b>So s\u00e1nh t\u1ed5ng quan SQL vs NoSQL<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td><b>Ti\u00eau ch\u00ed<\/b><\/td>\n<td><b>SQL<\/b><\/td>\n<td><b>NoSQL<\/b><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Lo\u1ea1i CSDL<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">C\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u quan h\u1ec7 (Relational Database &#8211; RDBMS).<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">C\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u phi quan h\u1ec7 (Non-relational Database).<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef truy v\u1ea5n<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng Structured Query Language (SQL), ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd v\u00e0 ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef truy v\u1ea5n c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh, c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac truy v\u1ea5n t\u00f9y thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o t\u1eebng lo\u1ea1i NoSQL<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">M\u00f4 h\u00ecnh l\u01b0u tr\u1eef d\u1eef li\u1ec7u<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">L\u01b0u tr\u1eef d\u1eef li\u1ec7u trong b\u1ea3ng, bao g\u1ed3m c\u1ed9t v\u00e0 h\u00e0ng.<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">L\u01b0u tr\u1eef d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u1edf nhi\u1ec1u d\u1ea1ng nh\u01b0 document, key-value, c\u1ed9t (column family) ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ed3 th\u1ecb.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">X\u1eed l\u00fd lo\u1ea1i d\u1eef li\u1ec7u<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">X\u1eed l\u00fd d\u1eef li\u1ec7u c\u00f3 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac.<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u1eed l\u00fd d\u1eef li\u1ec7u c\u00f3 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac, b\u00e1n c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac ho\u1eb7c phi c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac, linh ho\u1ea1t v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u lo\u1ea1i d\u1eef li\u1ec7u kh\u00e1c nhau.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Schema (l\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ed3)<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">C\u00f3 schema c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh, y\u00eau c\u1ea7u ph\u1ea3i tu\u00e2n theo c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac \u0111\u1ecbnh s\u1eb5n.<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng schema \u0111\u1ed9ng, linh ho\u1ea1t cho ph\u00e9p th\u00eam d\u1eef li\u1ec7u m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac \u0111\u1ecbnh tr\u01b0\u1edbc.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">H\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 truy v\u1ea5n<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">SQL h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 c\u00e1c truy v\u1ea5n ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p v\u00e0 ph\u00e9p JOIN gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c b\u1ea3ng.<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 lo\u1ea1i NoSQL kh\u00f4ng h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 ph\u00e9p JOIN v\u00e0 th\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n trong vi\u1ec7c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c truy v\u1ea5n ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">M\u1edf r\u1ed9ng theo chi\u1ec1u d\u1ecdc (vertical scaling) b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch n\u00e2ng c\u1ea5p h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng.<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">M\u1edf r\u1ed9ng theo chi\u1ec1u ngang (horizontal scaling) b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch th\u00eam nhi\u1ec1u m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 ho\u1eb7c node.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">T\u00ednh nh\u1ea5t qu\u00e1n giao d\u1ecbch<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Tu\u00e2n theo nguy\u00ean l\u00fd ACID (Atomicity, Consistency, Isolation, Durability), gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o t\u00ednh nh\u1ea5t qu\u00e1n trong giao d\u1ecbch. Tuy nhi\u00ean, kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00fac n\u00e0o c\u0169ng \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o &#8220;nh\u1ea5t qu\u00e1n t\u1ee9c th\u00ec&#8221; trong m\u1ecdi h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng, v\u00ec \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u00f2n ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o c\u00e1ch c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh v\u00e0 tri\u1ec3n khai. \u201cNh\u1ea5t qu\u00e1n t\u1ee9c th\u00ec\u201d c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 m\u1ecdi thay \u0111\u1ed5i trong giao d\u1ecbch s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u01b0a v\u00e0o c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch h\u1ee3p l\u1ec7 t\u1eeb tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i n\u00e0y sang tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i kh\u00e1c, \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u lu\u00f4n \u0111\u1ed3ng nh\u1ea5t tr\u00ean to\u00e0n h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u201ceventual consistency\u201d \u2014 c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 trong m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ph\u00e2n t\u00e1n, s\u1ef1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i d\u1eef li\u1ec7u kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1ed9 ngay l\u1eadp t\u1ee9c tr\u00ean t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c node, nh\u01b0ng sau m\u1ed9t kho\u1ea3ng th\u1eddi gian, to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng s\u1ebd d\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ed3ng nh\u1ea5t v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t d\u1eef li\u1ec7u. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y gi\u00fap t\u0103ng kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng nh\u01b0ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng kh\u00f4ng nh\u1ea5t qu\u00e1n t\u1ea1m th\u1eddi<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t v\u1edbi kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u l\u1edbn<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Khi kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u l\u1edbn, SQL c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u1eb7p h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf v\u1ec1 hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t do vi\u1ec7c m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng theo chi\u1ec1u d\u1ecdc th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 chi ph\u00ed cao v\u00e0 kh\u00f3 duy tr\u00ec<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">NoSQL v\u1edbi kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng theo chi\u1ec1u ngang cho ph\u00e9p x\u1eed l\u00fd t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n khi kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u l\u1edbn v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u1eed l\u00fd c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng l\u1edbn m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 h\u01a1n<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"SQL_vs_NoSQL_Khi_nao_nen_su_dung_SQL\"><\/span><b>SQL vs NoSQL: Khi n\u00e0o n\u00ean s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng SQL?<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">SQL n\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng khi:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Khi d\u1eef li\u1ec7u c\u00f3 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng v\u00e0 \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Khi y\u00eau c\u1ea7u t\u00ednh to\u00e0n v\u1eb9n v\u00e0 nh\u1ea5t qu\u00e1n c\u1ee7a d\u1eef li\u1ec7u cao, c\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt v\u00e0 ph\u1ea3n \u00e1nh ngay l\u1eadp t\u1ee9c sau c\u00e1c giao d\u1ecbch.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Khi c\u1ea7n qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd c\u00e1c m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c b\u1ea3ng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Khi h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb thay \u0111\u1ed5i th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean, l\u01b0\u1ee3ng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u l\u01b0u tr\u1eef kh\u00f4ng qu\u00e1 l\u1edbn.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Khi nh\u1eefng \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ea7n y\u00eau c\u1ea7u t\u00ednh n\u0103ng giao d\u1ecbch (transaction).<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Sau \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 use case c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 cho SQL:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">: Ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng c\u1ea7n x\u1eed l\u00fd giao d\u1ecbch t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh nh\u01b0 g\u1eedi ti\u1ec1n, r\u00fat ti\u1ec1n, ho\u1eb7c chuy\u1ec3n kho\u1ea3n v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c cao v\u00e0 t\u1ee9c th\u00ec. SQL \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o c\u00e1c giao d\u1ecbch n\u00e0y tu\u00e2n theo nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc ACID, gi\u00fap b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 d\u1eef li\u1ec7u kh\u1ecfi s\u1ef1 m\u1ea5t m\u00e1t hay sai l\u1ec7ch.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>\u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng b\u00e1n l\u1ebb tr\u1ef1c tuy\u1ebfn (eCommerce)<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">: C\u00e1c trang b\u00e1n h\u00e0ng tr\u1ef1c tuy\u1ebfn nh\u01b0 Amazon c\u1ea7n theo d\u00f5i s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m, kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng, \u0111\u01a1n h\u00e0ng, v\u00e0 giao d\u1ecbch. SQL gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o t\u00ednh nh\u1ea5t qu\u00e1n khi s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00eam v\u00e0o gi\u1ecf h\u00e0ng v\u00e0 tr\u1eeb kho t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng (CRM)<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">: C\u00e1c n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng nh\u01b0 Salesforce s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng SQL \u0111\u1ec3 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd d\u1eef li\u1ec7u kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng, m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 v\u1edbi c\u00e1c \u0111\u01a1n h\u00e0ng, d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5. M\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p gi\u1eefa kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng v\u00e0 d\u1eef li\u1ec7u giao d\u1ecbch \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c SQL x\u1eed l\u00fd t\u1ed1t nh\u1edd c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac b\u1ea3ng v\u00e0 c\u00e1c kh\u00f3a ngo\u1ea1i (foreign key).<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"SQL_vs_NoSQL_Khi_nao_nen_su_dung_NoSQL\"><\/span><b>SQL vs NoSQL: Khi n\u00e0o n\u00ean s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng NoSQL?<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">NoSQL n\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng khi:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Khi d\u1eef li\u1ec7u kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac ho\u1eb7c c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i li\u00ean t\u1ee5c nh\u01b0 JSON, XML, h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh, video, c\u00e1c b\u00e0i \u0111\u0103ng m\u1ea1ng x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Khi c\u1ea7n x\u1eed l\u00fd kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u l\u1edbn v\u00e0 m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch th\u00eam nhi\u1ec1u m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 (m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng ngang).<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Khi hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng l\u00e0 y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 ch\u00ednh, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t trong c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ph\u00e2n t\u00edch d\u1eef li\u1ec7u l\u1edbn th\u1eddi gian th\u1ef1c.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Sau \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 use case c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 cho NoSQL:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>M\u1ea1ng x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">: V\u00ed d\u1ee5 nh\u01b0 Facebook, Twitter ph\u1ea3i x\u1eed l\u00fd kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u l\u1edbn kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac t\u1eeb b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft, b\u00ecnh lu\u1eadn \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c h\u00e0nh vi ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng nh\u01b0 l\u01b0\u1ee3t th\u00edch, chia s\u1ebb. NoSQL cho ph\u00e9p l\u01b0u tr\u1eef v\u00e0 truy xu\u1ea5t d\u1eef li\u1ec7u m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch linh ho\u1ea1t m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>\u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng ph\u00e2n t\u00edch d\u1eef li\u1ec7u l\u1edbn th\u1eddi gian th\u1ef1c<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">: C\u00e1c n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng nh\u01b0 Splunk ho\u1eb7c Hadoop s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng NoSQL \u0111\u1ec3 x\u1eed l\u00fd v\u00e0 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch h\u00e0ng tri\u1ec7u s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n th\u1eddi gian th\u1ef1c, t\u1eeb log h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ebfn d\u1eef li\u1ec7u t\u1eeb c\u1ea3m bi\u1ebfn. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y gi\u00fap \u0111\u01b0a ra c\u00e1c quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh k\u1ecbp th\u1eddi d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean d\u1eef li\u1ec7u kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>\u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng game online<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">: C\u00e1c tr\u00f2 ch\u01a1i tr\u1ef1c tuy\u1ebfn c\u1ea7n l\u01b0u tr\u1eef v\u00e0 x\u1eed l\u00fd th\u00f4ng tin ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u01a1i, \u0111i\u1ec3m s\u1ed1 v\u00e0 c\u00e1c s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n trong game. NoSQL h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 vi\u1ec7c m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng khi c\u00f3 h\u00e0ng tri\u1ec7u ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u01a1i truy c\u1eadp \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi, \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o hi\u1ec7u n\u0103ng v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Cac_cau_hoi_thuong_gap_ve_SQL_vs_NoSQL\"><\/span><b>C\u00e1c c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1eb7p v\u1ec1 SQL vs NoSQL<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<h3><b>SQL vs NoSQL: NoSQL c\u00f3 nhanh h\u01a1n SQL kh\u00f4ng?<\/b><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u1eb1ng NoSQL nhanh h\u01a1n SQL hay ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i v\u00ec t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a c\u1ea3 hai ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o ng\u1eef c\u1ea3nh s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">SQL \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf t\u1ed1i \u01b0u cho c\u00e1c truy v\u1ea5n, k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i (joins) v\u00e0 c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt d\u1eef li\u1ec7u, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t khi c\u1ea7n tr\u00e1nh tr\u00f9ng l\u1eb7p d\u1eef li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o t\u00ednh to\u00e0n v\u1eb9n. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y khi\u1ebfn SQL nhanh h\u01a1n trong c\u00e1c t\u00e1c v\u1ee5 li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn truy v\u1ea5n ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i, NoSQL l\u01b0u tr\u1eef d\u1eef li\u1ec7u c\u00f9ng nhau, kh\u00f4ng t\u00e1ch r\u1eddi nh\u01b0 SQL, gi\u00fap cho vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ecdc v\u00e0 ghi d\u1eef li\u1ec7u tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t th\u1ef1c th\u1ec3 nhanh h\u01a1n trong c\u00e1c t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng v\u1edbi d\u1eef li\u1ec7u kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac v\u00e0 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u x\u1eed l\u00fd kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u1edbn d\u1eef li\u1ec7u. V\u1ec1 c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n, SQL t\u1ed1i \u01b0u khi c\u1ea7n b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 t\u00ednh ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c c\u1ee7a d\u1eef li\u1ec7u, c\u00f2n NoSQL ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p h\u01a1n khi c\u1ea7n t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 v\u00e0 t\u00ednh s\u1eb5n s\u00e0ng cao v\u1edbi d\u1eef li\u1ec7u l\u1edbn.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><b>SQL vs NoSQL: SQL database c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u1eed l\u00fd c\u00f9ng lo\u1ea1i d\u1eef li\u1ec7u nh\u01b0 NoSQL database kh\u00f4ng?<\/b><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">C\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u SQL \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u0111\u1ec3 x\u1eed l\u00fd d\u1eef li\u1ec7u c\u00f3 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac v\u00e0 r\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 trong vi\u1ec7c qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd c\u00e1c truy v\u1ea5n ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p v\u00e0 giao d\u1ecbch v\u1edbi d\u1eef li\u1ec7u quan h\u1ec7. M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 SQL c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u1eed l\u00fd d\u1eef li\u1ec7u c\u00f3 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3, nh\u01b0ng n\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng linh ho\u1ea1t b\u1eb1ng NoSQL trong vi\u1ec7c x\u1eed l\u00fd d\u1eef li\u1ec7u kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac ho\u1eb7c b\u00e1n c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac do y\u00eau c\u1ea7u v\u1ec1 l\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ed3 c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><b>SQL vs NoSQL: NoSQL th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u01b0a chu\u1ed9ng h\u01a1n SQL khi n\u00e0o?<\/b><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Trong m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh, NoSQL database th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem l\u00e0 l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn \u01b0a th\u00edch h\u01a1n thay v\u00ec SQL database v\u00ec nh\u1eefng l\u00fd do nh\u01b0:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng theo chi\u1ec1u ngang: \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng l\u1edbn, th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed1i m\u1eb7t v\u1edbi kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u kh\u1ed5ng l\u1ed3 th\u00ec vi\u1ec7c m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng theo chi\u1ec1u ngang s\u1ebd t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u01a1n so v\u1edbi m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng theo chi\u1ec1u d\u1ecdc nh\u01b0 SQL.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Truy v\u1ea5n \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n nh\u01b0ng y\u00eau c\u1ea7u hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t cao: Nh\u1eefng \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng y\u00eau c\u1ea7u cao v\u1ec1 t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 s\u1ebd \u01b0u ti\u00ean s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng NoSQL h\u01a1n.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">X\u1eed l\u00fd d\u1eef li\u1ec7u phi c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac: Nh\u1eefng \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u ngu\u1ed3n d\u1eef li\u1ec7u kh\u00e1c nhau v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eb7c th\u00f9 nh\u01b0 h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh, video, JSON,&#8230;<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">C\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng t\u1ea3i t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 cao trong h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ph\u00e2n t\u00e1n: NoSQL h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 t\u00ednh n\u0103ng ph\u00e2n m\u1ea3nh d\u1eef li\u1ec7u (sharding) v\u00e0 c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng t\u1ea3i t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng, gi\u00fap ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i d\u1eef li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 truy v\u1ea5n hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 tr\u00ean nhi\u1ec1u m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7, t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o s\u1ef1 \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Tong_ket_SQL_vs_NoSQL\"><\/span><b>T\u1ed5ng k\u1ebft SQL vs NoSQL<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Vi\u1ec7c l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn gi\u1eefa SQL vs NoSQL ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c nhi\u1ec1u v\u00e0o y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a d\u1ef1 \u00e1n v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m d\u1eef li\u1ec7u m\u00e0 b\u1ea1n x\u1eed l\u00fd. SQL th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn l\u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng khi d\u1eef li\u1ec7u c\u00f3 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng v\u00e0 t\u00ednh nh\u1ea5t qu\u00e1n cao, trong khi NoSQL l\u1ea1i mang \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 linh ho\u1ea1t v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n cho c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i v\u1edbi d\u1eef li\u1ec7u phi c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac ho\u1eb7c b\u00e1n c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac.<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Trong th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u, SQL database v\u00e0 NoSQL database l\u00e0 hai l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i. M\u1ed7i lo\u1ea1i c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1eb7c tr\u01b0ng v\u00e0 \u01b0u \u0111i\u1ec3m ri\u00eang, ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p kh\u00e1c nhau. Vi\u1ec7c hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t gi\u1eefa SQL [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":209,"featured_media":80285,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_gspb_post_css":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[109],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-80187","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-chuyen-mon-it"],"blocksy_meta":[],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v26.8 (Yoast SEO v27.8) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-premium-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>SQL vs NoSQL: C\u00e1ch ch\u1ecdn h\u1ec7 qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p - ITviec Blog<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Vi\u1ec7c hi\u1ec3u s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t gi\u1eefa SQL vs NoSQL s\u1ebd gi\u00fap ch\u1ecdn h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng l\u01b0u tr\u1eef d\u1eef li\u1ec7u ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi nhu c\u1ea7u c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3, t\u1ed1i \u01b0u hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t v\u00e0 d\u1ec5 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/itviec.com\/blog\/sql-vs-nosql\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"vi_VN\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"SQL vs NoSQL: C\u00e1ch ch\u1ecdn h\u1ec7 qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Trong th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u, SQL database v\u00e0 NoSQL database l\u00e0 hai l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i. 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