{"id":76955,"date":"2024-08-15T13:37:56","date_gmt":"2024-08-15T06:37:56","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/itviec.com\/blog\/?p=76955"},"modified":"2025-07-31T18:05:17","modified_gmt":"2025-07-31T11:05:17","slug":"lap-trinh-cpp-co-ban","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/itviec.com\/blog\/lap-trinh-cpp-co-ban\/","title":{"rendered":"L\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh C++ c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n v\u1edbi c\u00e1c c\u00e2u l\u1ec7nh C++ c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n v\u00e0 n\u00e2ng cao"},"content":{"rendered":"<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_85 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-grey ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<div class=\"ez-toc-title-container\">\n<p class=\"ez-toc-title\" style=\"cursor:inherit\">N\u1ed9i dung b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft<\/p>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-title-toggle\"><a href=\"#\" class=\"ez-toc-pull-right ez-toc-btn ez-toc-btn-xs ez-toc-btn-default ez-toc-toggle\" aria-label=\"Toggle Table of Content\"><span class=\"ez-toc-js-icon-con\"><span class=\"\"><span class=\"eztoc-hide\" style=\"display:none;\">Toggle<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-icon-toggle-span\"><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" class=\"list-377408\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path d=\"M6 6H4v2h2V6zm14 0H8v2h12V6zM4 11h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2zM4 16h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" class=\"arrow-unsorted-368013\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"10px\" height=\"10px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" version=\"1.2\" baseProfile=\"tiny\"><path d=\"M18.2 9.3l-6.2-6.3-6.2 6.3c-.2.2-.3.4-.3.7s.1.5.3.7c.2.2.4.3.7.3h11c.3 0 .5-.1.7-.3.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7zM5.8 14.7l6.2 6.3 6.2-6.3c.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7c-.2-.2-.4-.3-.7-.3h-11c-.3 0-.5.1-.7.3-.2.2-.3.5-.3.7s.1.5.3.7z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/span><\/div>\n<nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 ' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/itviec.com\/blog\/lap-trinh-cpp-co-ban\/#Loi_ich_cua_viec_hoc_cac_cau_lenh_lap_trinh_C_co_ban\" >L\u1ee3i \u00edch c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c h\u1ecdc c\u00e1c c\u00e2u l\u1ec7nh l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh C++ c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/itviec.com\/blog\/lap-trinh-cpp-co-ban\/#Cu_phap_lap_trinh_C_co_ban_Cau_lenh_Nhay\" >C\u00fa ph\u00e1p l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh C++ c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n: C\u00e2u l\u1ec7nh Nh\u1ea3y<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/itviec.com\/blog\/lap-trinh-cpp-co-ban\/#Cu_phap_lap_trinh_C_co_ban_Cau_lenh_lien_quan_den_lop_va_doi_tuong\" >C\u00fa ph\u00e1p l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh C++ c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n: C\u00e2u l\u1ec7nh li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn l\u1edbp v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/itviec.com\/blog\/lap-trinh-cpp-co-ban\/#Lap_trinh_C_co_ban_Xu_ly_ngoai_le_Exception_Handling\" >L\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh C++ c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n: X\u1eed l\u00fd ngo\u1ea1i l\u1ec7 (Exception Handling)<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/itviec.com\/blog\/lap-trinh-cpp-co-ban\/#Lap_trinh_C_co_ban_Thu_vien_STL_Standard_Template_Library\" >L\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh C++ c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n: Th\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n STL (Standard Template Library)<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-6\" href=\"https:\/\/itviec.com\/blog\/lap-trinh-cpp-co-ban\/#Lap_trinh_C_co_ban_Template\" >L\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh C++ c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n: Template<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-7\" href=\"https:\/\/itviec.com\/blog\/lap-trinh-cpp-co-ban\/#Lap_trinh_C_co_ban_Lap_trinh_da_luong_Multithreading\" >L\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh C++ c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n: L\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh \u0111a lu\u1ed3ng (Multithreading)<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-8\" href=\"https:\/\/itviec.com\/blog\/lap-trinh-cpp-co-ban\/#Cau_hoi_thuong_gap_ve_lap_trinh_C_co_ban\" >C\u00e2u h\u1ecfi th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1eb7p v\u1ec1 l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh C++ c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-9\" href=\"https:\/\/itviec.com\/blog\/lap-trinh-cpp-co-ban\/#Tong_ket_lap_trinh_C_co_ban\" >T\u1ed5ng k\u1ebft l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh C++ c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n\n<p><em><strong>\u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n b\u1edfi Bjarne Stroustrup v\u00e0o nh\u1eefng n\u0103m 1980 nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a C, C++ mang \u0111\u1ebfn nhi\u1ec1u t\u00ednh n\u0103ng m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd h\u01a1n, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh h\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y cho ph\u00e9p l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh vi\u00ean t\u1ea1o ra c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p v\u00e0 linh ho\u1ea1t h\u01a1n, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi v\u1eabn duy tr\u00ec \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t cao c\u1ee7a C. H\u1ecdc l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh C++ c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n v\u00e0 n\u00e2ng cao s\u1ebd m\u1edf ra cho b\u1ea1n c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c v\u1edbi c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng l\u1edbn h\u01a1n, qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd b\u1ed9 nh\u1edb hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 h\u01a1n, v\u00e0 vi\u1ebft m\u00e3 d\u1ec5 b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec h\u01a1n.<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>B\u00e0i vi\u1ebft &#8220;L\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh C++ c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n&#8221; l\u00e0 ph\u1ea7n 2 thu\u1ed9c chu\u1ed7i b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft v\u1ec1 ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh C v\u00e0 C++. C\u1ee5 th\u1ec3:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Ph\u1ea7n 1: <a href=\"https:\/\/itviec.com\/blog\/lap-trinh-c-co-ban\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">L\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh C c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n v\u1edbi c\u00e1c c\u00fa ph\u00e1p C c\u1ea7n bi\u1ebft<\/a><\/span><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><strong>Ph\u1ea7n 2: L\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh C++ c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n v\u1edbi c\u00e1c c\u00e2u l\u1ec7nh C++ c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n v\u00e0 n\u00e2ng cao<\/strong> (b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i)<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p>Tham kh\u1ea3o <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/itviec.com\/viec-lam-it\/c++?utm_medium=anchor_text_high&amp;utm_source=blog&amp;utm_campaign=viec_lam_cpp&amp;utm_content=lap_trinh_cpp_co_ban\">vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m <\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/itviec.com\/viec-lam-it\/c++?utm_medium=anchor_text_high&amp;utm_source=blog&amp;utm_campaign=viec_lam_cpp&amp;utm_content=lap_trinh_cpp_co_ban\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">C<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/itviec.com\/viec-lam-it\/c++?utm_medium=anchor_text_high&amp;utm_source=blog&amp;utm_campaign=viec_lam_cpp&amp;utm_content=lap_trinh_cpp_co_ban\">++<\/a><\/strong> to\u00e0n qu\u1ed1c<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-review-nh\u1eefng-di\u1ec1u-da-h\u1ecdc-trong-ph\u1ea7n-1\"><b>Review <\/b><b>nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00e3 h\u1ecdc trong ph\u1ea7n 1<\/b><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Trong ph\u1ea7n 1, ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f9ng nhau t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u nh\u1eefng kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh C, bao g\u1ed3m:<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><b>Gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u v\u1ec1 ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh C:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> B\u1ea1n \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u v\u1ec1 l\u1ecbch s\u1eed v\u00e0 t\u1ea7m quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a C, c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 t\u1ea1i sao n\u00f3 l\u1ea1i l\u00e0 n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng c\u1ee7a nhi\u1ec1u ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i.<\/span><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><b>C\u00fa ph\u00e1p c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> B\u1ea1n \u0111\u00e3 h\u1ecdc c\u00e1ch vi\u1ebft v\u00e0 ch\u1ea1y ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh &#8220;Hello, World!&#8221;, c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi c\u00e1c kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n v\u1ec1 bi\u1ebfn v\u00e0 ki\u1ec3u d\u1eef li\u1ec7u.<\/span><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><b>C\u00e2u l\u1ec7nh \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u00e3 xem x\u00e9t c\u00e1ch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c c\u00e2u l\u1ec7nh if, else if, else v\u00e0 switch \u0111\u1ec3 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t lu\u1ed3ng ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh.<\/span><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><b>V\u00f2ng l\u1eb7p:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> B\u1ea1n \u0111\u00e3 h\u1ecdc c\u00e1ch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng v\u00f2ng l\u1eb7p for, while v\u00e0 do-while \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c t\u00e1c v\u1ee5 l\u1eb7p \u0111i l\u1eb7p l\u1ea1i.<\/span><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><b>M\u1ea3ng v\u00e0 Con tr\u1ecf:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u00e3 t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u c\u00e1ch khai b\u00e1o v\u00e0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng m\u1ea3ng, c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u v\u1ec1 con tr\u1ecf v\u00e0 c\u00e1ch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ch\u00fang.<\/span><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><b>H\u00e0m:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> B\u1ea1n \u0111\u00e3 h\u1ecdc c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a v\u00e0 g\u1ecdi h\u00e0m, c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c v\u1edbi tham s\u1ed1 h\u00e0m v\u00e0 ph\u1ea1m vi bi\u1ebfn.<\/span><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><b>C\u1ea5u tr\u00fac (struct) v\u00e0 Union:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> B\u1ea1n \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u v\u1ec1 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac v\u00e0 c\u00e1ch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng struct, c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u v\u1ec1 union.<\/span><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><b>L\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c v\u1edbi t\u1ec7p tin:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u00e3 t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u c\u00e1ch m\u1edf v\u00e0 \u0111\u00f3ng t\u1ec7p, \u0111\u1ecdc v\u00e0 ghi d\u1eef li\u1ec7u v\u00e0o t\u1ec7p.<\/span><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><b>Qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd b\u1ed9 nh\u1edb \u0111\u1ed9ng:<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> B\u1ea1n \u0111\u00e3 h\u1ecdc c\u00e1ch c\u1ea5p ph\u00e1t v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng b\u1ed9 nh\u1edb \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1edbi malloc v\u00e0 free.<\/span><\/b><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-b\u1ea1n-s\u1ebd-h\u1ecdc-d\u01b0\u1ee3c-gi-\u1edf-ph\u1ea7n-2\"><b>B\u1ea1n s\u1ebd h\u1ecdc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u00ec \u1edf ph\u1ea7n 2?<\/b><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Trong ph\u1ea7n 2 n\u00e0y, ch\u00fang ta s\u1ebd m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng nh\u1eefng ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n \u0111\u00e3 h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 c\u00e1c c\u00e2u l\u1ec7nh n\u00e2ng cao trong C++, bao g\u1ed3m:<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><b>L\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh h\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng (OOP):<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> T\u1ea1o v\u00e0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c l\u1edbp, \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng, k\u1ebf th\u1eeba, v\u00e0 \u0111a h\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ec3 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m linh ho\u1ea1t v\u00e0 d\u1ec5 b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec.<\/span><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><b>X\u1eed l\u00fd ngo\u1ea1i l\u1ec7:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng try, catch, v\u00e0 throw \u0111\u1ec3 x\u1eed l\u00fd l\u1ed7i v\u00e0 ngo\u1ea1i l\u1ec7 trong ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh, gi\u00fap m\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng v\u00e0 d\u1ec5 b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec h\u01a1n.<\/span><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><b>M\u1eabu H\u00e0m v\u00e0 L\u1edbp (Templates):<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> T\u1ea1o c\u00e1c h\u00e0m v\u00e0 l\u1edbp t\u1ed5ng qu\u00e1t \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng l\u1ea1i m\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n v\u00e0 l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c v\u1edbi c\u00e1c ki\u1ec3u d\u1eef li\u1ec7u kh\u00e1c nhau m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch linh ho\u1ea1t.<\/span><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><b>Th\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n chu\u1ea9n C++ (STL):<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac d\u1eef li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 thu\u1eadt to\u00e1n c\u00f3 s\u1eb5n trong STL \u0111\u1ec3 t\u0103ng t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh.<\/span><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><b>L\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh \u0111a lu\u1ed3ng: <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">r\u1ea5t c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft cho nh\u1eefng ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh l\u1edbn \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c thi nhi\u1ec1u t\u00e1c v\u1ee5 c\u00f9ng l\u00fac.<\/span><\/b><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p><em>\u0110\u1ecdc th\u00eam: <a href=\"https:\/\/itviec.com\/blog\/oop-la-gi\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>OOP l\u00e0 g\u00ec? 4 \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a OOP<\/strong><\/a><\/em><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-l\u1ee3i-ich-c\u1ee7a-vi\u1ec7c-h\u1ecdc-cac-cau-l\u1ec7nh-l\u1eadp-trinh-c-c\u01a1-b\u1ea3n\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Loi_ich_cua_viec_hoc_cac_cau_lenh_lap_trinh_C_co_ban\"><\/span><b>L\u1ee3i \u00edch c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c h\u1ecdc c\u00e1c c\u00e2u l\u1ec7nh l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh C++ c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">H\u1ecdc c\u00e1c c\u00e2u l\u1ec7nh trong C++ s\u1ebd mang l\u1ea1i nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ee3i \u00edch cho l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh vi\u00ean:<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><b>Vi\u1ebft m\u00e3 m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd h\u01a1n:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3.<\/span><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><b>T\u0103ng hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> T\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a m\u00e3 \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ea1y nhanh h\u01a1n v\u00e0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 h\u01a1n.<\/span><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><b>Qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd b\u1ed9 nh\u1edb t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Hi\u1ec3u v\u00e0 \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd b\u1ed9 nh\u1edb \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh r\u00f2 r\u1ec9 b\u1ed9 nh\u1edb v\u00e0 t\u0103ng hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng.<\/span><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><b>L\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh h\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> X\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m linh ho\u1ea1t v\u00e0 d\u1ec5 b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 l\u1edbp.<\/span><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><b>S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng l\u1ea1i m\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> T\u1eadn d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c m\u1eabu h\u00e0m v\u00e0 l\u1edbp \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra m\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n t\u1ed5ng qu\u00e1t v\u00e0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng l\u1ea1i trong nhi\u1ec1u d\u1ef1 \u00e1n kh\u00e1c nhau.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-cu-phap-l\u1eadp-trinh-c-c\u01a1-b\u1ea3n-cau-l\u1ec7nh-nh\u1ea3y\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Cu_phap_lap_trinh_C_co_ban_Cau_lenh_Nhay\"><\/span><b>C\u00fa ph\u00e1p l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh C++ c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n: C\u00e2u l\u1ec7nh Nh\u1ea3y<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-cau-l\u1ec7nh-break\"><b>C\u00e2u l\u1ec7nh break<\/b><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">D\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 tho\u00e1t kh\u1ecfi v\u00f2ng l\u1eb7p ho\u1eb7c c\u00e2u l\u1ec7nh switch.<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">for<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> (<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">int<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> i = <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">0<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">; i &lt; <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">10<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">; ++i) {<\/span>\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">&nbsp; &nbsp; <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">if<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> (i == <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">5<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">) <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">break<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">;<\/span>\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">&nbsp; &nbsp; <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">std<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">::<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">cout<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> &lt;&lt; i &lt;&lt; <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">std<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">::<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">endl<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">;<\/span>\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">}<\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-cau-l\u1ec7nh-continue\"><b>C\u00e2u l\u1ec7nh continue<\/b><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">D\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ecf qua l\u1ea7n l\u1eb7p hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i v\u00e0 chuy\u1ec3n sang l\u1ea7n l\u1eb7p ti\u1ebfp theo.<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">for<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> (<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">int<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> i = <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">0<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">; i &lt; <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">10<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">; ++i) {<\/span>\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">&nbsp; &nbsp; <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">if<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> (i == <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">5<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">) <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">continue<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">;<\/span>\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">&nbsp; &nbsp; <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">std<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">::<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">cout<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> &lt;&lt; i &lt;&lt; <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">std<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">::<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">endl<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">;<\/span>\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">}<\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-cau-l\u1ec7nh-return\"><b>C\u00e2u l\u1ec7nh return<\/b><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">D\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u1ea3 v\u1ec1 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb t\u1eeb h\u00e0m v\u00e0 k\u1ebft th\u00fac h\u00e0m \u0111\u00f3.<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">int<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> add<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">(<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">int<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> a, <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">int<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> b)<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> {<\/span>\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">&nbsp; &nbsp; <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">return<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> a + b;<\/span>\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">}<\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-cu-phap-l\u1eadp-trinh-c-c\u01a1-b\u1ea3n-cau-l\u1ec7nh-lien-quan-d\u1ebfn-l\u1edbp-va-d\u1ed1i-t\u01b0\u1ee3ng\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Cu_phap_lap_trinh_C_co_ban_Cau_lenh_lien_quan_den_lop_va_doi_tuong\"><\/span><b>C\u00fa ph\u00e1p l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh C++ c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n: C\u00e2u l\u1ec7nh li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn l\u1edbp v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-khai-bao-l\u1edbp-va-d\u1ed1i-t\u01b0\u1ee3ng\"><strong>Khai b\u00e1o L\u1edbp v\u00e0 \u0110\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">L\u1edbp l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t kh\u1ed1i m\u00e3 \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n cho c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u1edbi thu\u1ed9c t\u00ednh v\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ee9c.<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">class<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Person {<\/span>\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">public<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">:<\/span>\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">&nbsp; &nbsp; <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">std<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">::<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">string<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> name;<\/span>\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">&nbsp; &nbsp; <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">int<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> age;<\/span>\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">&nbsp; &nbsp; <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">void<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> introduce<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">()<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> {<\/span>\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">std<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">::<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">cout<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> &lt;&lt; <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\"Hi, I'm \"<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> &lt;&lt; name &lt;&lt; <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\" and I'm \"<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> &lt;&lt; age &lt;&lt; <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\" years old.\"<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> &lt;&lt; <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">std<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">::<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">endl<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">;<\/span>\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">&nbsp; &nbsp; }<\/span>\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">};<\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-g\u1ecdi-ph\u01b0\u01a1ng-th\u1ee9c-c\u1ee7a-d\u1ed1i-t\u01b0\u1ee3ng\"><strong>G\u1ecdi ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Person person1;<\/span>\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">person1.name = <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\"John\"<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">;<\/span>\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">person1.age = <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">30<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">;<\/span>\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">person1.introduce();<\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-k\u1ebf-th\u1eeba-inheritance\"><strong>K\u1ebf th\u1eeba (Inheritance)<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p><b>Kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m k\u1ebf th\u1eeba trong OOP:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> K\u1ebf th\u1eeba cho ph\u00e9p m\u1ed9t l\u1edbp (class) th\u1eeba h\u01b0\u1edfng c\u00e1c thu\u1ed9c t\u00ednh v\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t l\u1edbp kh\u00e1c. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y gi\u00fap t\u00e1i s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng m\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n v\u00e0 t\u1ea1o ra c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m linh ho\u1ea1t v\u00e0 d\u1ec5 b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec.<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>V\u00ed d\u1ee5 v\u1ec1 k\u1ebf th\u1eeba:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">#include &lt;iostream&gt;<\/span>\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">using<\/span> <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">namespace<\/span> <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">std<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">;<\/span>\n\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\/\/ L\u1edbp c\u01a1 s\u1edf<\/span>\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">class<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Animal {<\/span>\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">public<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">:<\/span>\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">&nbsp; &nbsp; <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">void<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> eat<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">()<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> {<\/span>\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">cout<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> &lt;&lt; <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\"Eating...\"<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> &lt;&lt; <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">endl<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">;<\/span>\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">&nbsp; &nbsp; }<\/span>\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">};<\/span>\n\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\/\/ L\u1edbp d\u1eabn xu\u1ea5t<\/span>\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">class<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Dog : <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">public<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Animal {<\/span>\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">public<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">:<\/span>\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">&nbsp; &nbsp; <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">void<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> bark<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">()<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> {<\/span>\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">cout<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> &lt;&lt; <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\"Barking...\"<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> &lt;&lt; <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">endl<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">;<\/span>\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">&nbsp; &nbsp; }<\/span>\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">};<\/span>\n\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">int<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> main<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">()<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> {<\/span>\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">&nbsp; &nbsp; Dog d;<\/span>\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">&nbsp; &nbsp; d.eat(); <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\/\/ G\u1ecdi h\u00e0m t\u1eeb l\u1edbp c\u01a1 s\u1edf<\/span>\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">&nbsp; &nbsp; d.bark(); <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\/\/ G\u1ecdi h\u00e0m t\u1eeb l\u1edbp d\u1eabn xu\u1ea5t<\/span>\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">&nbsp; &nbsp; <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">return<\/span> <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">0<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">;<\/span>\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">}<\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Trong v\u00ed d\u1ee5 n\u00e0y, l\u1edbp <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Dog<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> k\u1ebf th\u1eeba t\u1eeb l\u1edbp <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Animal<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Dog<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Animal<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, nh\u01b0 <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">eat()<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, v\u00e0 c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ee9c ri\u00eang c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh, nh\u01b0 <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">bark()<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-da-hinh-polymorphism\"><strong>\u0110a h\u00ecnh (Polymorphism)<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p><b>Kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m v\u00e0 t\u1ea7m quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a \u0111a h\u00ecnh:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> \u0110a h\u00ecnh cho ph\u00e9p c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng thu\u1ed9c c\u00e1c l\u1edbp kh\u00e1c nhau c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u1eed l\u00fd th\u00f4ng qua c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t giao di\u1ec7n, gi\u00fap m\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n tr\u1edf n\u00ean linh ho\u1ea1t v\u00e0 d\u1ec5 b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec h\u01a1n.<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>V\u00ed d\u1ee5 v\u1ec1 \u0111a h\u00ecnh:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">#include &lt;iostream&gt;<\/span>\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">using<\/span> <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">namespace<\/span> <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">std<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">;<\/span>\n\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">class<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Animal {<\/span>\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">public<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">:<\/span>\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">&nbsp; &nbsp; <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">virtual<\/span> <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">void<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> sound<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">()<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> {<\/span>\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">cout<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> &lt;&lt; <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\"Animal sound\"<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> &lt;&lt; <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">endl<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">;<\/span>\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">&nbsp; &nbsp; }<\/span>\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">};<\/span>\n\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">class<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Dog : <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">public<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Animal {<\/span>\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">public<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">:<\/span>\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">&nbsp; &nbsp; <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">void<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> sound<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">()<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> override {<\/span>\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">cout<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> &lt;&lt; <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\"Woof Woof\"<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> &lt;&lt; <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">endl<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">;<\/span>\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">&nbsp; &nbsp; }<\/span>\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">};<\/span>\n\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">class<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Cat : <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">public<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Animal {<\/span>\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">public<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">:<\/span>\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">&nbsp; &nbsp; <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">void<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> sound<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">()<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> override {<\/span>\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">cout<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> &lt;&lt; <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\"Meow Meow\"<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> &lt;&lt; <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">endl<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">;<\/span>\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">&nbsp; &nbsp; }<\/span>\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">};<\/span>\n\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">void<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> makeSound<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">(Animal *a)<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> {<\/span>\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">&nbsp; &nbsp; a-&gt;sound();<\/span>\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">}<\/span>\n\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">int<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> main<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">()<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> {<\/span>\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">&nbsp; &nbsp; Dog d;<\/span>\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">&nbsp; &nbsp; Cat c;<\/span>\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">&nbsp; &nbsp; makeSound(&amp;d); <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\/\/ G\u1ecdi h\u00e0m sound c\u1ee7a Dog<\/span>\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">&nbsp; &nbsp; makeSound(&amp;c); <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\/\/ G\u1ecdi h\u00e0m sound c\u1ee7a Cat<\/span>\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">&nbsp; &nbsp; <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">return<\/span> <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">0<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">;<\/span>\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">}<\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-constructor-va-destructor\"><strong>Constructor v\u00e0 destructor<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><b>Constructor:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> L\u00e0 m\u1ed9t h\u00e0m \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng khi m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a l\u1edbp \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o ra. Constructor c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 kh\u1edfi t\u1ea1o c\u00e1c thu\u1ed9c t\u00ednh c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng.<\/span><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><b>Destructor:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> L\u00e0 m\u1ed9t h\u00e0m \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng khi \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng b\u1ecb h\u1ee7y. Destructor c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean ho\u1eb7c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft khi \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng n\u1eefa.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-cach-t\u1ea1o-va-s\u1eed-d\u1ee5ng-constructor-va-destructor-trong-l\u1edbp\"><b>C\u00e1ch t\u1ea1o v\u00e0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng constructor v\u00e0 destructor trong l\u1edbp<\/b><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Constructor v\u00e0 destructor kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ki\u1ec3u tr\u1ea3 v\u1ec1, k\u1ec3 c\u1ea3 <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">void<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.<\/span><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Constructor c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 tham s\u1ed1, c\u00f2n destructor th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 tham s\u1ed1.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>V\u00ed d\u1ee5 v\u1ec1 constructor v\u00e0 destructor:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Constructor:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">class<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Person {<\/span>\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">public<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">:<\/span>\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">&nbsp; &nbsp; <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">std<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">::<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">string<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> name;<\/span>\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">&nbsp; &nbsp; <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">int<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> age;<\/span>\n\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">&nbsp; &nbsp; <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\/\/ Constructor<\/span>\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">&nbsp; &nbsp; Person(<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">std<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">::<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">string<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> n, <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">int<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> a) {<\/span>\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; name = n;<\/span>\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; age = a;<\/span>\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">&nbsp; &nbsp; }<\/span>\n\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">&nbsp; &nbsp; <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">void<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> introduce<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">()<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> {<\/span>\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">std<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">::<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">cout<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> &lt;&lt; <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\"Hi, I'm \"<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> &lt;&lt; name &lt;&lt; <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\" and I'm \"<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> &lt;&lt; age &lt;&lt; <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\" years old.\"<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> &lt;&lt; <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">std<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">::<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">endl<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">;<\/span>\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">&nbsp; &nbsp; }<\/span>\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">};<\/span>\n\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">int<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> main<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">()<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> {<\/span>\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">&nbsp; &nbsp; Person person1<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">(<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\"John\"<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">30<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">)<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">;<\/span>\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">&nbsp; &nbsp; person1.introduce();<\/span>\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">&nbsp; &nbsp; <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">return<\/span> <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">0<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">;<\/span>\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">}<\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Destructor:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">class<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Person {<\/span>\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">public<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">:<\/span>\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">&nbsp; &nbsp; <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">std<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">::<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">string<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> name;<\/span>\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">&nbsp; &nbsp; <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">int<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> age;<\/span>\n\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">&nbsp; &nbsp; <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\/\/ Constructor<\/span>\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">&nbsp; &nbsp; Person(<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">std<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">::<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">string<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> n, <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">int<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> a) {<\/span>\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; name = n;<\/span>\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; age = a;<\/span>\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">&nbsp; &nbsp; }<\/span>\n\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">&nbsp; &nbsp; <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\/\/ Destructor<\/span>\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">&nbsp; &nbsp; ~Person() {<\/span>\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">std<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">::<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">cout<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> &lt;&lt; <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\"Person object destroyed.\"<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> &lt;&lt; <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">std<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">::<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">endl<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">;<\/span>\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">&nbsp; &nbsp; }<\/span>\n\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">&nbsp; &nbsp; <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">void<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> introduce<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">()<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> {<\/span>\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">std<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">::<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">cout<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> &lt;&lt; <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\"Hi, I'm \"<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> &lt;&lt; name &lt;&lt; <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\" and I'm \"<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> &lt;&lt; age &lt;&lt; <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\" years old.\"<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> &lt;&lt; <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">std<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">::<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">endl<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">;<\/span>\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">&nbsp; &nbsp; }<\/span>\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">};<\/span>\n\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">int<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> main<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">()<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> {<\/span>\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">&nbsp; &nbsp; Person person1<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">(<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\"John\"<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">30<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">)<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">;<\/span>\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">&nbsp; &nbsp; person1.introduce();<\/span>\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">&nbsp; &nbsp; <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">return<\/span> <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">0<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">;<\/span>\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">}<\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Trong v\u00ed d\u1ee5 n\u00e0y, h\u00e0m <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">makeSound<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn m\u1ed9t con tr\u1ecf \u0111\u1ebfn <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Animal<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> v\u00e0 g\u1ecdi ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ee9c <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">sound()<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Khi g\u1ecdi <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">makeSound<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Dog<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> ho\u1eb7c <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Cat<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ee9c <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">sound<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c l\u1edbp n\u00e0y s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi, th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n t\u00ednh \u0111a h\u00ecnh.<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-l\u1eadp-trinh-c-c\u01a1-b\u1ea3n-x\u1eed-ly-ngo\u1ea1i-l\u1ec7-exception-handling\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Lap_trinh_C_co_ban_Xu_ly_ngoai_le_Exception_Handling\"><\/span><b>L\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh C++ c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n: X\u1eed l\u00fd ngo\u1ea1i l\u1ec7 (Exception Handling)<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p><b>Kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m v\u00e0 m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch c\u1ee7a x\u1eed l\u00fd ngo\u1ea1i l\u1ec7:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> X\u1eed l\u00fd ngo\u1ea1i l\u1ec7 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt quan tr\u1ecdng gi\u00fap ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u1eed l\u00fd l\u1ed7i m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch an to\u00e0n v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3.<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><b>V\u00ed d\u1ee5 v\u1ec1 x\u1eed l\u00fd ngo\u1ea1i l\u1ec7:<\/b><\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">#include &lt;iostream&gt;<\/span>\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">using<\/span> <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">namespace<\/span> <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">std<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">;<\/span>\n\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">int<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> main<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">()<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> {<\/span>\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">&nbsp; &nbsp; <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">try<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> {<\/span>\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">int<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> a = <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">10<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">;<\/span>\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">int<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> b = <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">0<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">;<\/span>\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">if<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> (b == <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">0<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">)<\/span>\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">throw<\/span> <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\"Division by zero error\"<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">;<\/span>\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">cout<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> &lt;&lt; a \/ b &lt;&lt; <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">endl<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">;<\/span>\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">&nbsp; &nbsp; } <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">catch<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> (<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">const<\/span> <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">char<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">* msg) {<\/span>\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">cerr<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> &lt;&lt; <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\"Error: \"<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> &lt;&lt; msg &lt;&lt; <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">endl<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">;<\/span>\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">&nbsp; &nbsp; }<\/span>\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">&nbsp; &nbsp; <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">return<\/span> <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">0<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">;<\/span>\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">}<\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Trong v\u00ed d\u1ee5 n\u00e0y, ngo\u1ea1i l\u1ec7 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u00e9m b\u1eb1ng t\u1eeb kh\u00f3a <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">throw<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1eaft b\u1eb1ng kh\u1ed1i <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">catch<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y gi\u00fap x\u1eed l\u00fd l\u1ed7i m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch an to\u00e0n v\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p th\u00f4ng tin l\u1ed7i c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3.<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p>Tham kh\u1ea3o <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/itviec.com\/viec-lam-it\/c++\/ho-chi-minh-hcm?utm_medium=anchor_text_mid&amp;utm_source=blog&amp;utm_campaign=viec_lam_cpp&amp;utm_content=lap_trinh_cpp_co_ban\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m C++<\/a><\/strong> t\u1ea1i H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh<br>Tham kh\u1ea3o <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/itviec.com\/viec-lam-it\/c++\/ha-noi?utm_medium=anchor_text_mid&amp;utm_source=blog&amp;utm_campaign=viec_lam_cpp&amp;utm_content=lap_trinh_cpp_co_ban\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m C++<\/a><\/strong> t\u1ea1i H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-l\u1eadp-trinh-c-c\u01a1-b\u1ea3n-th\u01b0-vi\u1ec7n-stl-standard-template-library\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Lap_trinh_C_co_ban_Thu_vien_STL_Standard_Template_Library\"><\/span><b>L\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh C++ c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n: Th\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n STL (Standard Template Library)<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p><b>Gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u v\u1ec1 STL:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> STL l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a th\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n chu\u1ea9n C++, cung c\u1ea5p nhi\u1ec1u c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac d\u1eef li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 thu\u1eadt to\u00e1n m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd gi\u00fap t\u0103ng t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m.<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>V\u00ed d\u1ee5 v\u1ec1 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng vector v\u00e0 thu\u1eadt to\u00e1n sort:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">#include &lt;iostream&gt;<\/span>\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">#include &lt;vector&gt;<\/span>\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">#include &lt;algorithm&gt;<\/span>\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">using<\/span> <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">namespace<\/span> <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">std<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">;<\/span>\n\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">int<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> main<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">()<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> {<\/span>\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">&nbsp; &nbsp; <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">vector<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">&lt;<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">int<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">&gt; v = {<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">4<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">2<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">3<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">1<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">5<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">};<\/span>\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">&nbsp; &nbsp; sort(v.begin(), v.end()); <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\/\/ S\u1eafp x\u1ebfp vector<\/span>\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">&nbsp; &nbsp; <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">for<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> (<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">int<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> i : v)<\/span>\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">cout<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> &lt;&lt; i &lt;&lt; <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\" \"<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">;<\/span>\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">&nbsp; &nbsp; <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">cout<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> &lt;&lt; <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">endl<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">;<\/span>\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">&nbsp; &nbsp; <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">return<\/span> <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">0<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">;<\/span>\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">}<\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Trong v\u00ed d\u1ee5 n\u00e0y, <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">vector<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 l\u01b0u tr\u1eef m\u1ed9t danh s\u00e1ch c\u00e1c s\u1ed1 nguy\u00ean, v\u00e0 thu\u1eadt to\u00e1n <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">sort<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> t\u1eeb STL \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1eafp x\u1ebfp danh s\u00e1ch n\u00e0y.<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-l\u1eadp-trinh-c-c\u01a1-b\u1ea3n-template\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Lap_trinh_C_co_ban_Template\"><\/span><b>L\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh C++ c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n: Template<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p><b>Kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m v\u00e0 l\u1ee3i \u00edch c\u1ee7a template:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Template trong C++ cho ph\u00e9p t\u1ea1o ra c\u00e1c h\u00e0m v\u00e0 l\u1edbp t\u1ed5ng qu\u00e1t, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u ki\u1ec3u d\u1eef li\u1ec7u kh\u00e1c nhau.<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>V\u00ed d\u1ee5 v\u1ec1 function template:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">#include &lt;iostream&gt;<\/span>\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">using<\/span> <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">namespace<\/span> <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">std<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">;<\/span>\n\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">template<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> &lt;<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">typename<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> T&gt;<\/span>\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">T add<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">(T a, T b)<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> {<\/span>\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">&nbsp; &nbsp; <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">return<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> a + b;<\/span>\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">}<\/span>\n\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">int<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> main<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">()<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> {<\/span>\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">&nbsp; &nbsp; <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">cout<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> &lt;&lt; add&lt;<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">int<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">&gt;(<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">3<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">4<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">) &lt;&lt; <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">endl<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">; <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\/\/ S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng template v\u1edbi ki\u1ec3u int<\/span>\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">&nbsp; &nbsp; <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">cout<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> &lt;&lt; add&lt;<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">double<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">&gt;(<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">3.5<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">4.5<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">) &lt;&lt; <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">endl<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">; <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\/\/ S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng template v\u1edbi ki\u1ec3u double<\/span>\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">&nbsp; &nbsp; <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">return<\/span> <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">0<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">;<\/span>\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">}<\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Trong v\u00ed d\u1ee5 n\u00e0y, h\u00e0m <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">add<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t function template c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u ki\u1ec3u d\u1eef li\u1ec7u kh\u00e1c nhau, nh\u01b0 <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">int<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> v\u00e0 <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">double<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-l\u1eadp-trinh-c-c\u01a1-b\u1ea3n-l\u1eadp-trinh-da-lu\u1ed3ng-multithreading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Lap_trinh_C_co_ban_Lap_trinh_da_luong_Multithreading\"><\/span><b>L\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh C++ c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n: L\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh \u0111a lu\u1ed3ng (Multithreading)<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p><b>Kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n v\u1ec1 \u0111a lu\u1ed3ng:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> L\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh \u0111a lu\u1ed3ng gi\u00fap c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch cho ph\u00e9p th\u1ef1c thi nhi\u1ec1u t\u00e1c v\u1ee5 song song.<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>V\u00ed d\u1ee5 v\u1ec1 t\u1ea1o v\u00e0 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd c\u00e1c lu\u1ed3ng:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">#include &lt;iostream&gt;<\/span>\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">#include &lt;thread&gt;<\/span>\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">using<\/span> <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">namespace<\/span> <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">std<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">;<\/span>\n\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">void<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> printMessage<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">(<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">string<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> message)<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> {<\/span>\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">&nbsp; &nbsp; <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">cout<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> &lt;&lt; message &lt;&lt; <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">endl<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">;<\/span>\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">}<\/span>\n\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">int<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> main<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">()<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> {<\/span>\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">&nbsp; &nbsp; thread t1<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">(printMessage, <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\"Hello from thread 1\"<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">)<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">;<\/span>\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">&nbsp; &nbsp; thread t2<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">(printMessage, <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\"Hello from thread 2\"<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">)<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">;<\/span>\n\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">&nbsp; &nbsp; t1.join(); <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\/\/ Ch\u1edd thread 1 ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh<\/span>\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">&nbsp; &nbsp; t2.join(); <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\/\/ Ch\u1edd thread 2 ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh<\/span>\n\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">&nbsp; &nbsp; <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">return<\/span> <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">0<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">;<\/span>\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">}<\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Trong v\u00ed d\u1ee5 n\u00e0y, hai lu\u1ed3ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o ra \u0111\u1ec3 in th\u00f4ng \u0111i\u1ec7p. H\u00e0m <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">join<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh ch\u00ednh ch\u1edd c\u00e1c lu\u1ed3ng ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi k\u1ebft th\u00fac.<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-cau-h\u1ecfi-th\u01b0\u1eddng-g\u1eb7p-v\u1ec1-l\u1eadp-trinh-c-c\u01a1-b\u1ea3n\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Cau_hoi_thuong_gap_ve_lap_trinh_C_co_ban\"><\/span><strong>C\u00e2u h\u1ecfi th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1eb7p v\u1ec1 l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh C++ c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-lam-th\u1ebf-nao-d\u1ec3-b\u1eaft-d\u1ea7u-h\u1ecdc-cac-cau-l\u1ec7nh-l\u1eadp-trinh-c-c\u01a1-b\u1ea3n\"><b>L\u00e0m th\u1ebf n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u h\u1ecdc c\u00e1c c\u00e2u l\u1ec7nh l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh C++ c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n?<\/b><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">H\u1ecdc t\u1eeb c\u00e1c t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 s\u00e1ch c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n v\u1ec1 C++. Th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh vi\u1ebft m\u00e3 th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean v\u00e0 tham gia c\u00e1c d\u1ef1 \u00e1n nh\u1ecf \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m quen v\u1edbi c\u00fa ph\u00e1p v\u00e0 c\u00e1ch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c c\u00e2u l\u1ec7nh.<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-nh\u1eefng-l\u1ed7i-th\u01b0\u1eddng-g\u1eb7p-khi-s\u1eed-d\u1ee5ng-cau-l\u1ec7nh-c-la-gi\"><b>Nh\u1eefng l\u1ed7i th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1eb7p khi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e2u l\u1ec7nh C++ l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/b><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">L\u1ed7i c\u00fa ph\u00e1p: S\u1eeda l\u1ea1i m\u00e3 theo th\u00f4ng b\u00e1o l\u1ed7i t\u1eeb tr\u00ecnh bi\u00ean d\u1ecbch.<\/span><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">L\u1ed7i ph\u00e2n \u0111o\u1ea1n: Ki\u1ec3m tra c\u00e1c con tr\u1ecf v\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 m\u1ea3ng.<\/span><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">L\u1ed7i logic: S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 debug \u0111\u1ec3 theo d\u00f5i v\u00e0 t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-lam-th\u1ebf-nao-d\u1ec3-debug-ch\u01b0\u01a1ng-trinh-c-hi\u1ec7u-qu\u1ea3\"><b>L\u00e0m th\u1ebf n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec3 debug ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh C++ hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3?<\/b><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 nh\u01b0 GDB, Visual Studio Debugger \u0111\u1ec3 ki\u1ec3m tra m\u00e3 t\u1eebng b\u01b0\u1edbc, xem gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb bi\u1ebfn, v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n l\u1ed7i.<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-c-co-th\u1ec3-d\u01b0\u1ee3c-s\u1eed-d\u1ee5ng-cho-nh\u1eefng-\u1ee9ng-d\u1ee5ng-nao\"><b>C++ c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng cho nh\u1eefng \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng n\u00e0o?<\/b><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">C++ \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n h\u1ec7 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh, tr\u00f2 ch\u01a1i, \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng nh\u00fang, ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m doanh nghi\u1ec7p, v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec1u l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c kh\u00e1c \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi hi\u1ec7u n\u0103ng cao v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd b\u1ed9 nh\u1edb t\u1ed1t.<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-t\u1ed5ng-k\u1ebft-l\u1eadp-trinh-c-c\u01a1-b\u1ea3n\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Tong_ket_lap_trinh_C_co_ban\"><\/span><strong>T\u1ed5ng k\u1ebft l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh C++ c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Trong ph\u1ea7n n\u00e0y, ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 c\u00e1c c\u00e2u l\u1ec7nh n\u00e2ng cao trong C++, t\u1eeb k\u1ebf th\u1eeba, \u0111a h\u00ecnh, x\u1eed l\u00fd ngo\u1ea1i l\u1ec7, th\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n STL, template, cho \u0111\u1ebfn l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh \u0111a lu\u1ed3ng. Vi\u1ec7c hi\u1ec3u v\u00e0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng th\u00e0nh th\u1ea1o nh\u1eefng c\u00e2u l\u1ec7nh n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 gi\u00fap b\u1ea1n vi\u1ebft code hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 h\u01a1n m\u00e0 c\u00f2n m\u1edf ra c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p v\u00e0 \u0111a d\u1ea1ng.<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Khi n\u1eafm v\u1eefng l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh C v\u00e0 C++, b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng x\u1eed l\u00fd c\u00e1c b\u00e0i to\u00e1n kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng cao. H\u00e3y ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh v\u00e0 kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 s\u00e2u h\u01a1n \u0111\u1ec3 n\u00e2ng cao k\u1ef9 n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh. Nh\u1edb r\u1eb1ng, vi\u1ec7c kh\u00f4ng ng\u1eebng h\u1ecdc h\u1ecfi v\u00e0 \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c m\u1edbi s\u1ebd gi\u00fap b\u1ea1n tr\u1edf n\u00ean th\u00e0nh th\u1ea1o v\u00e0 s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o h\u01a1n trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m.<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Tham kh\u1ea3o th\u00eam c\u00e1c b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft thu\u1ed9c ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 L\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh C++:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/itviec.com\/blog\/cpp-la-gi\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>C++ l\u00e0 g\u00ec: T\u1ed5ng quan v\u1ec1 C++ v\u00e0 Nh\u1eefng c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi C++ th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1eb7p<\/strong><\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/itviec.com\/blog\/chay-chuong-trinh-cpp\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>Ch\u1ea1y ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh C++: L\u01b0u \u00fd compile v\u00e0 debug ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m C++<\/strong><\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/itviec.com\/blog\/cpp-ide\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>C++ IDE: T\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p v\u00e0 So s\u00e1nh c\u00e1c IDE ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn cho C++<\/strong><\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/itviec.com\/blog\/lo-trinh-hoc-cpp\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>H\u1ecdc C++ d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng v\u1edbi l\u1ed9 tr\u00ecnh v\u00e0 t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n<\/strong><\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/itviec.com\/blog\/so-sanh-c-va-cpp\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>C v\u00e0 C++: Ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t hai ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef qua 5 \u0111i\u1ec3m kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t quan tr\u1ecdng<\/strong><\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\">B\u1ea1n th\u1ea5y b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft hay v\u00e0 h\u1eefu \u00edch? \u0110\u1eebng ng\u1ea1i Share v\u1edbi b\u1ea1n b\u00e8 v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed3ng nghi\u1ec7p nh\u00e9.<br>V\u00e0 nhanh tay tham kh\u1ea3o\u00a0<strong><a href=\"https:\/\/itviec.com\/viec-lam-it?utm_medium=anchor_text_low&amp;utm_source=blog&amp;utm_campaign=viec_lam_it&amp;utm_content=lap_trinh_cpp_co_ban\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m IT<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0\u201cch\u1ea5t\u201d tr\u00ean ITviec!<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n b\u1edfi Bjarne Stroustrup v\u00e0o nh\u1eefng n\u0103m 1980 nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a C, C++ mang \u0111\u1ebfn nhi\u1ec1u t\u00ednh n\u0103ng m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd h\u01a1n, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh h\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y cho ph\u00e9p l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh vi\u00ean t\u1ea1o ra c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p v\u00e0 linh ho\u1ea1t h\u01a1n, \u0111\u1ed3ng [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":222,"featured_media":77062,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_gspb_post_css":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[109],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-76955","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-chuyen-mon-it"],"blocksy_meta":[],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v26.8 (Yoast SEO v27.9) - 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