{"id":75730,"date":"2024-07-21T22:03:29","date_gmt":"2024-07-21T15:03:29","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/itviec.com\/blog\/?p=75730"},"modified":"2024-07-23T10:40:32","modified_gmt":"2024-07-23T03:40:32","slug":"chay-chuong-trinh-cpp","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/itviec.com\/blog\/chay-chuong-trinh-cpp\/","title":{"rendered":"Ch\u1ea1y ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh C++: L\u01b0u \u00fd compile v\u00e0 debug ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m C++"},"content":{"rendered":"<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_85 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-grey ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<div class=\"ez-toc-title-container\">\n<p class=\"ez-toc-title\" style=\"cursor:inherit\">N\u1ed9i dung b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft<\/p>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-title-toggle\"><a href=\"#\" class=\"ez-toc-pull-right ez-toc-btn ez-toc-btn-xs ez-toc-btn-default ez-toc-toggle\" aria-label=\"Toggle Table of Content\"><span class=\"ez-toc-js-icon-con\"><span class=\"\"><span class=\"eztoc-hide\" style=\"display:none;\">Toggle<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-icon-toggle-span\"><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" class=\"list-377408\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path d=\"M6 6H4v2h2V6zm14 0H8v2h12V6zM4 11h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2zM4 16h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" class=\"arrow-unsorted-368013\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"10px\" height=\"10px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" version=\"1.2\" baseProfile=\"tiny\"><path d=\"M18.2 9.3l-6.2-6.3-6.2 6.3c-.2.2-.3.4-.3.7s.1.5.3.7c.2.2.4.3.7.3h11c.3 0 .5-.1.7-.3.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7zM5.8 14.7l6.2 6.3 6.2-6.3c.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7c-.2-.2-.4-.3-.7-.3h-11c-.3 0-.5.1-.7.3-.2.2-.3.5-.3.7s.1.5.3.7z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/span><\/div>\n<nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 ' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/itviec.com\/blog\/chay-chuong-trinh-cpp\/#Chay_chuong_trinh_C_la_gi\" >Ch\u1ea1y ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh C++ l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/itviec.com\/blog\/chay-chuong-trinh-cpp\/#Cac_buoc_co_ban_de_chay_mot_chuong_trinh_C\" >C\u00e1c b\u01b0\u1edbc c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ea1y m\u1ed9t ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh C++<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/itviec.com\/blog\/chay-chuong-trinh-cpp\/#Chi_tiet_cac_buoc_compile_va_chay_chuong_trinh_C\" >Chi ti\u1ebft c\u00e1c b\u01b0\u1edbc compile v\u00e0 ch\u1ea1y ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh C++<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/itviec.com\/blog\/chay-chuong-trinh-cpp\/#Debug_va_loi_thuong_gap\" >Debug v\u00e0 l\u1ed7i th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1eb7p<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/itviec.com\/blog\/chay-chuong-trinh-cpp\/#Cau_hoi_thuong_gap_ve_chay_chuong_trinh_C\" >C\u00e2u h\u1ecfi th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1eb7p v\u1ec1 ch\u1ea1y ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh C++<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-6\" href=\"https:\/\/itviec.com\/blog\/chay-chuong-trinh-cpp\/#Tong_ket\" >T\u1ed5ng k\u1ebft<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<p><em><strong>C++ kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh l\u00e2u \u0111\u1eddi m\u00e0 c\u00f2n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd nh\u1ea5t d\u00e0nh cho c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng y\u00eau c\u1ea7u hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t cao. T\u1eeb h\u1ec7 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh, game, \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng ph\u00e2n t\u00e1n, C++ lu\u00f4n gi\u1eef v\u1ecb tr\u00ed quan tr\u1ecdng. Vi\u1ec7c ch\u1ea1y ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh C++ ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 ch\u00eca kh\u00f3a \u0111\u1ec3 ki\u1ec3m tra v\u00e0 tri\u1ec3n khai nh\u1eefng \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng n\u00e0y. Trong b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft n\u00e0y, ch\u00fang ta s\u1ebd kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 c\u00e1ch ch\u1ea1y ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh C++, t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u v\u1ec1 c\u00e1ch debug c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 x\u1eed l\u00fd c\u00e1c l\u1ed7i th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1eb7p.<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">D\u00f9 b\u1ea1n \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 ch\u00fat ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c v\u1ec1 C++ hay ch\u1ec9 m\u1edbi b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u, b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft n\u00e0y s\u1ebd cung c\u1ea5p nhi\u1ec1u th\u00f4ng tin h\u1eefu \u00edch d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2u \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea1n n\u00e2ng cao k\u1ef9 n\u0103ng l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">C\u00e1c \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ea1y m\u1ed9t ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh C++<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Debug v\u00e0 l\u1ed7i th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1eb7p<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Chay_chuong_trinh_C_la_gi\"><\/span><strong>Ch\u1ea1y ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh C++ l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Ch\u1ea1y m\u1ed9t ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh C++ bao g\u1ed3m vi\u1ec7c bi\u00ean d\u1ecbch m\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n th\u00e0nh m\u00e3 m\u00e1y v\u00e0 sau \u0111\u00f3 th\u1ef1c thi m\u00e3 m\u00e1y n\u00e0y tr\u00ean m\u00e1y t\u00ednh. Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n tr\u00ean nhi\u1ec1u n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng kh\u00e1c nhau, t\u1eeb tr\u00ecnh bi\u00ean d\u1ecbch tr\u1ef1c tuy\u1ebfn cho \u0111\u1ebfn m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n t\u00edch h\u1ee3p (IDE) tr\u00ean m\u00e1y t\u00ednh c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Cac_buoc_co_ban_de_chay_mot_chuong_trinh_C\"><\/span><strong>C\u00e1c b\u01b0\u1edbc c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ea1y m\u1ed9t ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh C++<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Vi\u1ebft m\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n: M\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n C++ th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c vi\u1ebft trong c\u00e1c t\u1ec7p c\u00f3 ph\u1ea7n m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng .cpp.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Bi\u00ean d\u1ecbch m\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n: S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng tr\u00ecnh bi\u00ean d\u1ecbch nh\u01b0 g++, clang ho\u1eb7c IDE nh\u01b0 Visual Studio \u0111\u1ec3 chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i m\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n th\u00e0nh m\u00e3 m\u00e1y.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Ch\u1ea1y ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh: Th\u1ef1c thi t\u1ec7p m\u00e3 m\u00e1y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o ra sau qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh bi\u00ean d\u1ecbch.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">V\u00ed d\u1ee5 c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n:<\/span><\/p>\n<pre><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">#include &lt;iostream&gt;<\/span>\r\n\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">int main() {<\/span>\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0 \u00a0 int x = <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">5<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, y = <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">2<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">;<\/span>\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0 \u00a0 std::cout &lt;&lt; x + y;<\/span>\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0 \u00a0 <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">return<\/span> <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">0<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">;<\/span>\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">}<\/span><\/pre>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u0110\u1ec3 bi\u00ean d\u1ecbch v\u00e0 ch\u1ea1y ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0y, b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c l\u1ec7nh sau trong terminal:<\/span><\/p>\n<pre><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">g++ -o my_program main.cpp<\/span>\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.\/my_program<\/span><\/pre>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Chi_tiet_cac_buoc_compile_va_chay_chuong_trinh_C\"><\/span><strong>Chi ti\u1ebft c\u00e1c b\u01b0\u1edbc compile v\u00e0 ch\u1ea1y ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh C++<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<h3><strong>Tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi ch\u1ea1y ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh C++, b\u1ea1n c\u1ea7n chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m<\/strong><\/h3>\n<ol>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>C++ Compiler: GCC (GNU Compiler Collection):<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t tr\u00ecnh bi\u00ean d\u1ecbch m\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n m\u1edf ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn, h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 nhi\u1ec1u ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh, bao g\u1ed3m C++.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m code IDE (Integrated Development Environment): Visual Studio Code:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> M\u1ed9t tr\u00ecnh so\u1ea1n th\u1ea3o m\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn, cung c\u1ea5p nhi\u1ec1u t\u00ednh n\u0103ng m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<blockquote><p><em>\u0110\u1ecdc th\u00eam: <a href=\"https:\/\/itviec.com\/blog\/cpp-ide\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>T\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p v\u00e0 So s\u00e1nh c\u00e1c ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m code C++ IDE ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn nh\u1ea5t<\/strong><\/a><\/em><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<h3><strong>H\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn c\u00e0i \u0111\u1eb7t GCC Compiler tr\u00ean Windows<\/strong><\/h3>\n<ol>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>T\u1ea3i v\u00e0 c\u00e0i \u0111\u1eb7t MinGW:<\/b>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Truy c\u1eadp trang<\/span> <a href=\"https:\/\/sourceforge.net\/projects\/mingw-w64\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">MinGW-w64<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea3i xu\u1ed1ng phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p c\u1ee7a MinGW. Th\u01b0\u1eddng th\u00ec phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">x86_64-posix-seh<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> l\u00e0 l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn t\u1ed1t cho h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c nhu c\u1ea7u l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh C++.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Sau khi t\u1ea3i xu\u1ed1ng, gi\u1ea3i n\u00e9n t\u1ec7p v\u00e0 di chuy\u1ec3n th\u01b0 m\u1ee5c <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">mingw64<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> \u0111\u1ebfn \u1ed5 C: (C:\\mingw64).<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp bi\u1ebfn m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng <\/b><b>g++<\/b><b> t\u1eeb d\u00f2ng l\u1ec7nh:<\/b>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">M\u1edf &#8220;System Properties&#8221; (nh\u1ea5p chu\u1ed9t ph\u1ea3i v\u00e0o &#8220;This PC&#8221; ho\u1eb7c &#8220;Computer&#8221; v\u00e0 ch\u1ecdn &#8220;Properties&#8221;).<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Ch\u1ecdn &#8220;Advanced system settings&#8221; v\u00e0 sau \u0111\u00f3 &#8220;Environment Variables&#8221;.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Trong &#8220;System variables&#8221;, t\u00ecm bi\u1ebfn &#8220;Path&#8221; v\u00e0 nh\u1ea5p v\u00e0o &#8220;Edit&#8221;.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Th\u00eam \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1eabn <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">C:\\mingw64\\bin<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> v\u00e0o danh s\u00e1ch v\u00e0 nh\u1ea5n &#8220;OK&#8221;.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h3><strong>Thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng tr\u00ean Mac<\/strong><\/h3>\n<ol>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>C\u00e0i \u0111\u1eb7t Xcode Command Line Tools:<\/b>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">M\u1edf terminal v\u00e0 ch\u1ea1y l\u1ec7nh: <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">xcode-select &#8211;install<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng Homebrew \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00e0i \u0111\u1eb7t GCC:<\/b>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Homebrew l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t tr\u00ecnh qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd g\u00f3i ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn tr\u00ean macOS. B\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00e0i \u0111\u1eb7t n\u00f3 t\u1eeb trang ch\u1ee7<\/span> <a href=\"https:\/\/brew.sh\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Homebrew<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Sau khi c\u00e0i \u0111\u1eb7t Homebrew, m\u1edf terminal v\u00e0 ch\u1ea1y l\u1ec7nh: <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">brew install gcc<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h3><strong>S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng Command Line ho\u1eb7c Terminal<\/strong><\/h3>\n<ol>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>M\u1edf c\u1eeda s\u1ed5 terminal ho\u1eb7c cmd prompt:<\/b>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Tr\u00ean Windows: Nh\u1ea5n <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Win + R<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, g\u00f5 <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">cmd<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, v\u00e0 nh\u1ea5n Enter.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Tr\u00ean macOS\/Linux: M\u1edf \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng Terminal.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Thay \u0111\u1ed5i th\u01b0 m\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1eabn ch\u1ee9a file <\/b><b>.cpp<\/b><b>:<\/b>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng l\u1ec7nh <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">cd<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> (change directory). V\u00ed d\u1ee5: <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">cd path\/to\/your\/file<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>L\u1ec7nh compile:<\/b>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">G\u00f5 l\u1ec7nh: <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">g++ File_Name.cpp -o Executable_Name<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">L\u1ec7nh n\u00e0y s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">g++<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> \u0111\u1ec3 bi\u00ean d\u1ecbch file <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.cpp<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> v\u00e0 t\u1ea1o ra t\u1ec7p th\u1ef1c thi c\u00f3 t\u00ean <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Executable_Name<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>L\u1ec7nh ch\u1ea1y ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh:<\/b>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Tr\u00ean macOS\/Linux: <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.\/Executable_Name<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Tr\u00ean Windows: <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Executable_Name.exe<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h3><strong>Quy tr\u00ecnh build: Preprocess, Compile, v\u00e0 Link<\/strong><\/h3>\n<ol>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Preprocessing:<\/b>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i m\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n th\u00e0nh m\u00e3 trung gian, x\u1eed l\u00fd c\u00e1c ch\u1ec9 th\u1ecb ti\u1ec1n x\u1eed l\u00fd nh\u01b0 <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">#include<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> v\u00e0 <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">#define<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Compiling:<\/b>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Bi\u00ean d\u1ecbch m\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n trung gian th\u00e0nh m\u00e3 \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng (object code), d\u1ea1ng nh\u1ecb ph\u00e2n nh\u01b0ng ch\u01b0a th\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c thi.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Assembling:<\/b>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Gh\u00e9p c\u00e1c m\u00e3 \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u1ea1i v\u1edbi nhau \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh t\u1ec7p th\u1ef1c thi.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Linking:<\/b>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">K\u1ebft n\u1ed1i c\u00e1c t\u1ec7p m\u00e3 \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u1edbi c\u00e1c th\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o t\u1ec7p th\u1ef1c thi cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 b\u01b0\u1edbc cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng, sau \u0111\u00f3 ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ea1y.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h3><strong>S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng IDE (VSCode)<\/strong><\/h3>\n<ol>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Vi\u1ebft m\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n trong VSCode:<\/b>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">T\u1ea1o m\u1ed9t file m\u1edbi v\u1edbi ph\u1ea7n m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.cpp<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> v\u00e0 vi\u1ebft m\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>C\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh VSCode \u0111\u1ec3 compile v\u00e0 ch\u1ea1y ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh C++:<\/b>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">T\u1ea1o t\u1ec7p <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">tasks.json<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh l\u1ec7nh compile.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">T\u1ea1o t\u1ec7p <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">launch.json<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh l\u1ec7nh ch\u1ea1y ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh v\u00e0 debugging.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Debug_va_loi_thuong_gap\"><\/span><strong>Debug v\u00e0 l\u1ed7i th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1eb7p<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Debug l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 thi\u1ebfu trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m. Khi vi\u1ebft m\u00e3, kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh kh\u1ecfi c\u00e1c l\u1ed7i v\u00e0 qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh debug gi\u00fap b\u1ea1n t\u00ecm ra v\u00e0 kh\u1eafc ph\u1ee5c c\u00e1c l\u1ed7i n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u00fang nh\u01b0 mong \u0111\u1ee3i. C\u00e1c c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 debug kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 gi\u00fap b\u1ea1n x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ecb tr\u00ed l\u1ed7i m\u00e0 c\u00f2n cung c\u1ea5p c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ec3 ki\u1ec3m tra chi ti\u1ebft t\u1eebng d\u00f2ng m\u00e3 v\u00e0 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb bi\u1ebfn trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ch\u1ea1y.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><strong>C\u00e1c c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 debug ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p><b>GDB (GNU Debugger):<\/b><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">GDB l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 debug d\u00f2ng l\u1ec7nh m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd cho ph\u00e9p b\u1ea1n ch\u1ea1y ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh t\u1eebng b\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1ed9t, \u0111\u1eb7t breakpoint, v\u00e0 ki\u1ec3m tra gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb bi\u1ebfn. V\u00ed d\u1ee5, b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng l\u1ec7nh <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">break<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1eb7t breakpoint t\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t d\u00f2ng m\u00e3 c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 v\u00e0 l\u1ec7nh <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">run<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u ch\u1ea1y ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111i\u1ec3m breakpoint.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b>V\u00ed d\u1ee5:<\/b><\/p>\n<pre><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">gdb .\/my_program<\/span>\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">(gdb) <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">break<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> main.cpp:<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">10<\/span>\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">(gdb) run<\/span><\/pre>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Trong v\u00ed d\u1ee5 n\u00e0y, ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh s\u1ebd ch\u1ea1y \u0111\u1ebfn d\u00f2ng 10 c\u1ee7a file <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">main.cpp<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> v\u00e0 d\u1eebng l\u1ea1i, cho ph\u00e9p b\u1ea1n ki\u1ec3m tra tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i c\u1ee7a ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh t\u1ea1i \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u00e0y.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b>Valgrind:<\/b><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Valgrind l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 profiler b\u1ed9 nh\u1edb, gi\u00fap b\u1ea1n ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c l\u1ed7i li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 nh\u1edb nh\u01b0 memory leaks. Valgrind ch\u1ea1y ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n v\u00e0 ki\u1ec3m tra xem c\u00f3 v\u00f9ng nh\u1edb n\u00e0o kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng \u0111\u00fang c\u00e1ch hay kh\u00f4ng.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b>V\u00ed d\u1ee5:<\/b><\/p>\n<pre><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">valgrind --leak-check=yes .\/my_program<\/span><\/pre>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">L\u1ec7nh n\u00e0y s\u1ebd ch\u1ea1y ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">my_program<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> v\u00e0 b\u00e1o c\u00e1o chi ti\u1ebft v\u1ec1 b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 v\u00f9ng nh\u1edb n\u00e0o b\u1ecb r\u00f2 r\u1ec9.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><strong>C\u00e1ch\u00a0kh\u1eafc ph\u1ee5c c\u00e1c l\u1ed7i th\u00f4ng d\u1ee5ng<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p><b>Syntax errors:<\/b><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">L\u1ed7i c\u00fa ph\u00e1p th\u01b0\u1eddng do sai s\u00f3t khi vi\u1ebft m\u00e3, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 thi\u1ebfu d\u1ea5u ch\u1ea5m ph\u1ea9y ho\u1eb7c vi\u1ebft sai t\u00ean bi\u1ebfn. Tr\u00ecnh bi\u00ean d\u1ecbch s\u1ebd b\u00e1o l\u1ed7i n\u00e0y v\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 ra v\u1ecb tr\u00ed l\u1ed7i trong m\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b>V\u00ed d\u1ee5:<\/b><\/p>\n<pre><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">int main() {<\/span>\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0 \u00a0 int x = <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">5<\/span>\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0 \u00a0 std::cout &lt;&lt; x &lt;&lt; std::endl;<\/span>\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">}<\/span><\/pre>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">L\u1ed7i n\u00e0y s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u00ecnh bi\u00ean d\u1ecbch b\u00e1o l\u1ed7i thi\u1ebfu d\u1ea5u ch\u1ea5m ph\u1ea9y sau <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">int x = 5<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b>Runtime errors:<\/b><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">L\u1ed7i runtime x\u1ea3y ra trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ch\u1ea1y ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh, nh\u01b0 segmentation fault khi ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh truy c\u1eadp v\u00e0o v\u00f9ng nh\u1edb kh\u00f4ng h\u1ee3p l\u1ec7. Debugger nh\u01b0 GDB c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u00fap b\u1ea1n x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n g\u00e2y ra l\u1ed7i n\u00e0y.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b>V\u00ed d\u1ee5:<\/b><\/p>\n<pre><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">int main() {<\/span>\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0 \u00a0 int* ptr = nullptr;<\/span>\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0 \u00a0 *ptr = <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">10<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">; \/\/ g\u00e2y ra segmentation fault<\/span>\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">}<\/span><\/pre>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng GDB, b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1eb7t breakpoint t\u1ea1i d\u00f2ng g\u00e2y l\u1ed7i v\u00e0 ki\u1ec3m tra gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">ptr<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">:<\/span><\/p>\n<pre><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">gdb .\/my_program<\/span>\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">(gdb) <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">break<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> main.cpp:<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">3<\/span>\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">(gdb) run<\/span><\/pre>\n<p><b>Logical errors:<\/b><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">L\u1ed7i logic l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng l\u1ed7i trong m\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n khi\u1ebfn ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng kh\u00f4ng nh\u01b0 mong \u0111\u1ee3i, d\u00f9 kh\u00f4ng g\u00e2y ra l\u1ed7i c\u00fa ph\u00e1p hay runtime. Debugger c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u00fap b\u1ea1n ki\u1ec3m tra t\u1eebng b\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ee7a ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh v\u00e0 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00ecm ra nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b>V\u00ed d\u1ee5:<\/b><\/p>\n<pre><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">int main() {<\/span>\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0 \u00a0 int a = <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">10<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, b = <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">20<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">;<\/span>\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0 \u00a0 int sum = a - b; \/\/ L\u1ed7i logic, c\u1ea7n d\u00f9ng + thay v\u00ec -<\/span>\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0 \u00a0 std::cout &lt;&lt; <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\"Sum: \"<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> &lt;&lt; sum &lt;&lt; std::endl;<\/span>\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">}<\/span><\/pre>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng GDB \u0111\u1ec3 theo d\u00f5i gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">sum<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n l\u1ed7i logic:<\/span><\/p>\n<pre><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">gdb .\/my_program<\/span>\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">(gdb) <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">break<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> main.cpp:<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">4<\/span>\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">(gdb) run<\/span><\/pre>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Cau_hoi_thuong_gap_ve_chay_chuong_trinh_C\"><\/span><strong>C\u00e2u h\u1ecfi th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1eb7p v\u1ec1 ch\u1ea1y ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh C++<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<h3><strong>L\u00e0m th\u1ebf n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u h\u1ecdc C++?<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p><strong>\u0110\u1ecdc c\u00e1c s\u00e1ch c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.amazon.com\/Primer-5th-Stanley-B-Lippman\/dp\/0321714113\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">&#8220;C++ Primer&#8221;<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> v\u00e0 <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.amazon.com\/C-Programming-Language-4th\/dp\/0321563840\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">&#8220;The C++ Programming Language&#8221;<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> l\u00e0 hai cu\u1ed1n s\u00e1ch xu\u1ea5t s\u1eafc, cung c\u1ea5p ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng v\u00e0 n\u00e2ng cao v\u1ec1 C++.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Tham gia c\u00e1c kh\u00f3a h\u1ecdc tr\u1ef1c tuy\u1ebfn<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.coursera.org\/learn\/c-plus-plus-a\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Coursera: &#8220;C++ For C Programmers&#8221;<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> cung c\u1ea5p c\u00e1c b\u00e0i gi\u1ea3ng c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n v\u00e0 n\u00e2ng cao.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.udemy.com\/topic\/c-plus-plus\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Udemy: &#8220;Beginning C++ Programming&#8221;<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> v\u1edbi c\u00e1c b\u00e0i gi\u1ea3ng video v\u00e0 b\u00e0i t\u1eadp th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.edx.org\/learn\/c-plus-plus\/microsoft-introduction-to-c\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">edX: &#8220;Introduction to C++&#8221;<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> t\u1eeb Microsoft l\u00e0 kh\u00f3a h\u1ecdc mi\u1ec5n ph\u00ed v\u00e0 to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh vi\u1ebft c\u00e1c ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Hello World: B\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u v\u1edbi ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n nh\u1ea5t.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">T\u00ednh to\u00e1n c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n: Vi\u1ebft c\u00e1c ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c ph\u00e9p t\u00ednh to\u00e1n h\u1ecdc.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd danh s\u00e1ch sinh vi\u00ean: Vi\u1ebft ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd danh s\u00e1ch sinh vi\u00ean.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<blockquote><p><em>\u0110\u1ecdc th\u00eam: <a href=\"https:\/\/itviec.com\/blog\/lo-trinh-hoc-cpp\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>H\u1ecdc C++ d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng v\u1edbi l\u1ed9 tr\u00ecnh v\u00e0 t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n<\/strong><\/a><\/em><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<h3><strong>Nh\u1eefng l\u1ed7i n\u00e0o th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1eb7p khi ch\u1ea1y ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh C++?<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p><strong>Segmentation Fault<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n: Truy c\u1eadp v\u00e0o v\u00f9ng nh\u1edb kh\u00f4ng h\u1ee3p l\u1ec7.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p: S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 debug nh\u01b0 GDB \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00e0 s\u1eeda l\u1ed7i.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Memory Leak<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n: Kh\u00f4ng gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng b\u1ed9 nh\u1edb \u0111\u00e3 c\u1ea5p ph\u00e1t.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p: S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng Valgrind \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n v\u00e0 kh\u1eafc ph\u1ee5c l\u1ed7i n\u00e0y.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Logical Errors<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n: L\u1ed7i logic trong m\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p: Ki\u1ec3m tra k\u1ef9 logic c\u1ee7a ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh v\u00e0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 debug \u0111\u1ec3 theo d\u00f5i gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb bi\u1ebfn.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3><strong>L\u00e0m th\u1ebf n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec3 debug ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh C++ hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3?<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 nh\u01b0 GDB v\u00e0 Valgrind \u0111\u1ec3 ki\u1ec3m tra m\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n, xem gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb bi\u1ebfn v\u00e0 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1c l\u1ed7i b\u1ed9 nh\u1edb.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><strong>C++ c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng cho nh\u1eefng \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng n\u00e0o?<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">C++ c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng cho nhi\u1ec1u lo\u1ea1i \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng nh\u01b0 h\u1ec7 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh, game, \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng GUI, tr\u00ecnh duy\u1ec7t web, h\u1ec7 qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng ph\u00e2n t\u00e1n.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Tong_ket\"><\/span><strong>T\u1ed5ng k\u1ebft<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Ch\u1ea1y ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh C++ kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c bi\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng d\u00f2ng code th\u00e0nh s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng m\u00e0 c\u00f2n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh th\u00fa v\u1ecb v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec1u th\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ec3 kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1. \u0110\u1eebng \u0111\u1ec3 nh\u1eefng l\u1ed7i c\u00fa ph\u00e1p hay nh\u1eefng d\u00f2ng l\u1ec7nh ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p l\u00e0m b\u1ea1n ch\u00f9n b\u01b0\u1edbc. H\u00e3y t\u1eadn d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 nh\u01b0 GDB v\u00e0 Valgrind \u0111\u1ec3 bi\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c debug th\u00e0nh c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i h\u1ecdc h\u1ecfi v\u00e0 n\u00e2ng cao k\u1ef9 n\u0103ng. C++ c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 m\u1edf ra cho b\u1ea1n c\u1ea3 m\u1ed9t th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh r\u1ed9ng l\u1edbn, t\u1eeb ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n h\u1ec7 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh, game cho \u0111\u1ebfn qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Ki\u00ean tr\u00ec th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng ng\u1eebng kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1, b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd th\u1ea5y m\u00ecnh ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 t\u1eebng ng\u00e0y. M\u1ed7i d\u00f2ng code b\u1ea1n vi\u1ebft kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t th\u1eed th\u00e1ch m\u1edbi m\u00e0 c\u00f2n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t b\u01b0\u1edbc ti\u1ebfn quan tr\u1ecdng tr\u00ean con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh vi\u00ean chuy\u00ean nghi\u1ec7p. Ch\u00fac b\u1ea1n th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng v\u00e0 lu\u00f4n gi\u1eef l\u1eeda \u0111am m\u00ea trong h\u00e0nh tr\u00ecnh chinh ph\u1ee5c C++! Keep coding and stay curious!<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>C++ kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh l\u00e2u \u0111\u1eddi m\u00e0 c\u00f2n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd nh\u1ea5t d\u00e0nh cho c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng y\u00eau c\u1ea7u hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t cao. T\u1eeb h\u1ec7 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh, game, \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng ph\u00e2n t\u00e1n, C++ lu\u00f4n gi\u1eef v\u1ecb tr\u00ed quan tr\u1ecdng. Vi\u1ec7c ch\u1ea1y ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh C++ [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":222,"featured_media":75814,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_gspb_post_css":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[109],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-75730","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-chuyen-mon-it"],"blocksy_meta":[],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v26.8 (Yoast SEO v27.8) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-premium-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Ch\u1ea1y ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh C++: L\u01b0u \u00fd compile v\u00e0 debug ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m C++ - ITviec Blog<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"B\u00e0i vi\u1ebft t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p c\u00e1ch ch\u1ea1y ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh C++ c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c l\u01b0u \u00fd, t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u v\u1ec1 c\u00e1ch debug c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 x\u1eed l\u00fd c\u00e1c l\u1ed7i th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1eb7p.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/itviec.com\/blog\/chay-chuong-trinh-cpp\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"vi_VN\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Ch\u1ea1y ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh C++: L\u01b0u \u00fd compile v\u00e0 debug ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m C++\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"C++ kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh l\u00e2u \u0111\u1eddi m\u00e0 c\u00f2n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd nh\u1ea5t d\u00e0nh cho c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng y\u00eau c\u1ea7u hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t cao. 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