{"id":73108,"date":"2024-06-14T16:58:22","date_gmt":"2024-06-14T09:58:22","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/itviec.com\/blog\/?p=73108"},"modified":"2024-06-14T16:58:22","modified_gmt":"2024-06-14T09:58:22","slug":"php-mvc-la-gi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/itviec.com\/blog\/php-mvc-la-gi\/","title":{"rendered":"PHP MVC t\u1ed5ng quan: T\u1eeb nguy\u00ean l\u00fd \u0111\u1ebfn th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh"},"content":{"rendered":"<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_84 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-grey ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<div class=\"ez-toc-title-container\">\n<p class=\"ez-toc-title\" style=\"cursor:inherit\">N\u1ed9i dung b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft<\/p>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-title-toggle\"><a href=\"#\" class=\"ez-toc-pull-right ez-toc-btn ez-toc-btn-xs ez-toc-btn-default ez-toc-toggle\" aria-label=\"Toggle Table of Content\"><span class=\"ez-toc-js-icon-con\"><span class=\"\"><span class=\"eztoc-hide\" style=\"display:none;\">Toggle<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-icon-toggle-span\"><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" class=\"list-377408\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path d=\"M6 6H4v2h2V6zm14 0H8v2h12V6zM4 11h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2zM4 16h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" class=\"arrow-unsorted-368013\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"10px\" height=\"10px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" version=\"1.2\" baseProfile=\"tiny\"><path d=\"M18.2 9.3l-6.2-6.3-6.2 6.3c-.2.2-.3.4-.3.7s.1.5.3.7c.2.2.4.3.7.3h11c.3 0 .5-.1.7-.3.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7zM5.8 14.7l6.2 6.3 6.2-6.3c.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7c-.2-.2-.4-.3-.7-.3h-11c-.3 0-.5.1-.7.3-.2.2-.3.5-.3.7s.1.5.3.7z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/span><\/div>\n<nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 ' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/itviec.com\/blog\/php-mvc-la-gi\/#Gioi_thieu_ve_PHP\" >Gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u v\u1ec1 PHP<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/itviec.com\/blog\/php-mvc-la-gi\/#Tong_quan_ve_MVC_trong_PHP\" >T\u1ed5ng quan v\u1ec1 MVC trong PHP<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/itviec.com\/blog\/php-mvc-la-gi\/#Uu_diem_cua_PHP_MVC\" >\u01afu \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a PHP MVC<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/itviec.com\/blog\/php-mvc-la-gi\/#Nhuoc_diem_cua_PHP_MVC\" >Nh\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a PHP MVC<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/itviec.com\/blog\/php-mvc-la-gi\/#Mot_so_PHP_MVC_framework\" >M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 PHP MVC framework<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-6\" href=\"https:\/\/itviec.com\/blog\/php-mvc-la-gi\/#Cach_tao_PHP_MVC_Framework\" >C\u00e1ch t\u1ea1o PHP MVC Framework<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-7\" href=\"https:\/\/itviec.com\/blog\/php-mvc-la-gi\/#Cac_cau_hoi_thuong_gap_ve_PHP_MVC\" >C\u00e1c c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1eb7p v\u1ec1 PHP MVC<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-8\" href=\"https:\/\/itviec.com\/blog\/php-mvc-la-gi\/#Tong_ket_PHP_MVC\" >T\u1ed5ng k\u1ebft PHP MVC<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<p><b><i>Trong s\u1ed1 c\u00e1c m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh d\u00e0nh cho \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng web, PHP MVC (Model-View-Controller) \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn nh\u1ea5t cho c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n PHP. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y l\u00e0 nh\u1edd v\u00e0o kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u00e1ch bi\u1ec7t logic \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng th\u00e0nh c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n ri\u00eang bi\u1ec7t, t\u1eeb vi\u1ec7c qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ebfn giao di\u1ec7n ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng.\u00a0<\/i><\/b><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Trong b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft n\u00e0y, ch\u00fang ta s\u1ebd t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u v\u1ec1:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">T\u1ed5ng quan v\u1ec1 m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh MVC trong PHP<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">C\u00e1c \u01b0u nh\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a PHP MVC<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 framework PHP MVC ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">C\u00e1ch tri\u1ec3n khai PHP MVC<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Gioi_thieu_ve_PHP\"><\/span><b>Gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u v\u1ec1 PHP<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">PHP ban \u0111\u1ea7u l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t d\u1ef1 \u00e1n m\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n m\u1edf nh\u1ecf v\u00e0 ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n khi c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n ra t\u00ednh h\u1eefu \u00edch c\u1ee7a n\u00f3. Rasmus Lerdorf ph\u00e1t h\u00e0nh phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean c\u1ee7a PHP v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1995. Ban \u0111\u1ea7u, PHP d\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u00e0 vi\u1ebft t\u1eaft c\u1ee7a &#8220;Personal Home Page&#8221; (Trang c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n), nh\u01b0ng b\u00e2y gi\u1edd th\u00ec PHP c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 &#8220;PHP: Hypertext Preprocessor&#8221; (PHP: Tr\u00ecnh bi\u00ean d\u1ecbch si\u00eau v\u0103n b\u1ea3n).<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Ng\u00e0y nay, PHP l\u00e0 ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh ph\u00eda m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn nh\u1ea5t th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng web. Trong su\u1ed1t nh\u1eefng n\u0103m qua, ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1ea3i qua c\u00e1c b\u1ea3n s\u1eeda \u0111\u1ed5i v\u00e0 phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n li\u00ean t\u1ee5c.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">PHP \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng web v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n trong vi\u1ec7c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t m\u00e3 HTML. C\u00e1c kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a PHP bao g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i t\u1ec7p phong ph\u00fa, nh\u01b0 h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh ho\u1eb7c t\u1ec7p PDF, m\u00e3 h\u00f3a d\u1eef li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 g\u1eedi email. B\u1ea1n c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 v\u0103n b\u1ea3n n\u00e0o, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 JSON ho\u1eb7c XML.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">PHP l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef \u0111a n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng, c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ea1y tr\u00ean t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh ch\u00ednh v\u00e0 v\u1edbi h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 web nh\u01b0 Apache, IIS, lighttpd v\u00e0 nginx. PHP c\u0169ng h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 c\u00e1c d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 kh\u00e1c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c giao th\u1ee9c nh\u01b0 LDAP, IMAP, SNMP, NNTP, POP3, HTTP, COM, v.v.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">D\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 t\u00ednh n\u0103ng quan tr\u1ecdng kh\u00e1c c\u1ee7a PHP:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">PHP th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng, bao g\u1ed3m: t\u1ea1o, m\u1edf, \u0111\u1ecdc, vi\u1ebft v\u00e0 \u0111\u00f3ng c\u00e1c t\u1ec7p.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">PHP c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u1eed l\u00fd c\u00e1c bi\u1ec3u m\u1eabu, thu th\u1eadp d\u1eef li\u1ec7u t\u1eeb c\u00e1c t\u1ec7p, l\u01b0u d\u1eef li\u1ec7u v\u00e0o t\u1ec7p, th\u00f4ng qua email b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u1eedi d\u1eef li\u1ec7u, tr\u1ea3 l\u1ea1i d\u1eef li\u1ec7u cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">B\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u00eam, x\u00f3a, s\u1eeda \u0111\u1ed5i c\u00e1c ph\u1ea7n t\u1eed trong c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n th\u00f4ng qua PHP.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Truy c\u1eadp bi\u1ebfn cookies v\u00e0 thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp cookies.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng PHP, b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng truy c\u1eadp v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 trang c\u1ee7a trang web c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 m\u00e3 h\u00f3a d\u1eef li\u1ec7u.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">PHP cung c\u1ea5p m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u1edbn c\u00e1c l\u1edbp v\u00e0 th\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u00e1i s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00f3 s\u1eb5n tr\u00ean &#8220;PEAR&#8221; v\u00e0 &#8220;Composer&#8221;. PEAR (PHP Extension and Application Repository) l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i cho c\u00e1c th\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n ho\u1eb7c l\u1edbp PHP c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u00e1i s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng. &#8220;Composer&#8221; l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c trong PHP.<\/span><\/p>\n<blockquote><p><em>\u0110\u1ecdc th\u00eam: <a href=\"https:\/\/itviec.com\/blog\/php-la-gi\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>PHP l\u00e0 g\u00ec: Chi ti\u1ebft v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 c\u00e1ch vi\u1ebft c\u00fa ph\u00e1p PHP c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n<\/strong><\/a><\/em><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Tong_quan_ve_MVC_trong_PHP\"><\/span><b>T\u1ed5ng quan v\u1ec1 MVC trong PHP<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">H\u00ecnh b\u00ean d\u01b0\u1edbi minh h\u1ecda cho s\u1ef1 k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p c\u1ee7a ba ph\u1ea7n c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a MVC: M\u00f4 h\u00ecnh (Model), Hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb (View), v\u00e0 B\u1ed9 \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n (Controller). H\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh n\u00e0y hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb b\u1ed1 c\u1ee5c m\u1ed9t lu\u1ed3ng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u duy nh\u1ea5t, c\u00e1ch d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chuy\u1ec3n gi\u1eefa m\u1ed7i th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n v\u00e0 cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 gi\u1eefa m\u1ed7i th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng.<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><strong>Model<\/strong> (M\u00f4 h\u00ecnh) l\u00e0 b\u1ed9 nh\u1edb l\u01b0u tr\u1eef d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf t\u1ed5ng th\u1ec3. Model cho ph\u00e9p truy c\u1eadp v\u00e0o d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem, ho\u1eb7c thu th\u1eadp v\u00e0 ghi d\u1eef li\u1ec7u. M\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec3m quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ea7n l\u01b0u \u00fd l\u00e0 model kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng g\u00ec x\u1ea3y ra v\u1edbi d\u1eef li\u1ec7u khi n\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n kh\u00e1c trong MVC. Tuy nhi\u00ean, model kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u, ho\u1eb7c m\u1ed9t c\u1ed5ng x\u1eed l\u00fd d\u1eef li\u1ec7u. Model ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t \u201cng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7\u201d c\u1ed5ng v\u00e0o d\u1eef li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 c\u00f3 tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u. V\u1edbi nh\u1eefng nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 \u0111\u00f3, model th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 ph\u1ea7n t\u1ed1i quan tr\u1ecdng trong h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng MVC.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><strong>View<\/strong> (Hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb) l\u00e0 n\u01a1i d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb theo y\u00eau c\u1ea7u t\u1eeb model. Trong c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng web truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng b\u1eb1ng MVC, view l\u00e0 ph\u1ea7n m\u00e0 HTML \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o ra, l\u00e0 ph\u1ea7n b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u cho nh\u1eefng tr\u1ea3i nghi\u1ec7m\u00a0 t\u1eeb ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng, sau \u0111\u00f3 h\u1ecd ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c v\u1edbi controller. V\u00ed d\u1ee5, m\u1ed9t n\u00fat s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o ra b\u1edfi m\u1ed9t view, khi ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng nh\u1ea5p chu\u1ed9t v\u00e0o, n\u00fat s\u1ebd k\u00edch ho\u1ea1t m\u1ed9t h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng trong controller. M\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec1u m\u00e0 b\u1ea5t k\u00ec l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh vi\u00ean n\u00e0o c\u0169ng c\u1ea7n l\u01b0u \u00fd, view kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cung c\u1ea5p d\u1eef li\u1ec7u b\u1edfi controller. Kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp gi\u1eefa view v\u00e0 controller n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 model n\u1eb1m gi\u1eefa ch\u00fang.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng c\u1ee7a MVC l\u00e0 <strong>Controller<\/strong> (B\u1ed9 \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n). Nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 c\u1ee7a controller l\u00e0 x\u1eed l\u00fd d\u1eef li\u1ec7u m\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng nh\u1eadp v\u00e0o ho\u1eb7c g\u1eedi \u0111i, v\u00e0 c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt model t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng. Controller \u201cc\u1ea7n\u201d ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng; n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c t\u1eeb ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng, controller ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u00fd ngh\u0129a. Controller c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n logic x\u1eed l\u00fd d\u1eef li\u1ec7u, x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c d\u1eef li\u1ec7u, \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n lu\u1ed3ng x\u1eed l\u00fd, \u0111\u1ecbnh tuy\u1ebfn y\u00eau c\u1ea7u, v.v. Logic x\u1eed l\u00fd trong Controller n\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00e1ch bi\u1ec7t kh\u1ecfi logic hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb c\u1ee7a View v\u00e0 logic d\u1eef li\u1ec7u c\u1ee7a Model. Controller c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u view v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec1u model, t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng d\u00f2ng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u m\u1ed9t chi\u1ec1u.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean m\u1eabu MVC cho \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng web trong PHP. H\u00e3y b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t v\u00ed d\u1ee5 c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n, b\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c t\u1ea1o model:\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<pre><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">&lt;?php <\/span>\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">class Opinion_poll_model extends CI_Model <\/span>\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">{ <\/span>\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0public function __construct()\u00a0<\/span>\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0{\u00a0<\/span>\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/span> <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">$this-&gt;load-&gt;database(); <\/span>\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0}\u00a0<\/span>\r\n\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0public function total_votes()\u00a0<\/span>\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0{\u00a0<\/span>\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/span> <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">$query = $this-&gt;db-&gt;select('COUNT(choice) as choices_count')-&gt;get('js_libraries');<\/span>\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0return $query-&gt;row()-&gt;choices_count;\u00a0<\/span>\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0}\u00a0<\/span>\r\n\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0public function get_results()\u00a0<\/span>\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0{\u00a0<\/span>\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/span> <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">$libraries = array(\"\", \"JQuery\", \"MooTools\", \"YUI Library\", \"Glow\"); <\/span>\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0$table_rows = '';\u00a0<\/span>\r\n\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0for ($i = 1; $i &lt; 5; $i++)\u00a0<\/span>\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0{<\/span>\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0$sql_stmt = \"SELECT COUNT(choice) choices_count FROM js_libraries WHERE choice = $i;\";\u00a0<\/span>\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0$result = $model-&gt;<\/span>\r\n\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0select($sql_stmt); $table_rows .= \"&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td&gt;\" . $ libraries [$i] . \" Got:&lt;\/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;b&gt;\" . $result[0] . \"&lt;\/b&gt; votes&lt;\/td&gt;&lt;\/tr&gt;\";\u00a0<\/span>\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0}\u00a0<\/span>\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0public function add_vote($choice)\u00a0<\/span>\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0{\u00a0<\/span>\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/span> <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">$ts = date(\"Y-m-d H:i:s\"); $data = array('choice' =&gt; $choice, 'ts' =&gt; $ts); $this-&gt;db-&gt;insert('js_libraries', $data); <\/span>\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0}\u00a0<\/span>\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> \u00a0\u00a0}\u00a0<\/span>\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">?&gt;<\/span><\/pre>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">B\u00e2y gi\u1edd h\u00e3y t\u1ea1o controller. Ch\u00fang ta s\u1ebd s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng controller m\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a CodeIgniter n\u1eb1m trong application\/controllers\/welcome.php. Thay th\u1ebf m\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 b\u1eb1ng code sau \u0111\u00e2y.<\/span><\/p>\n<pre><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">&lt;?php<\/span>\r\n\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">if (!defined('BASEPATH'))\u00a0 exit('No direct script access allowed');<\/span>\r\n\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">class Welcome extends CI_Controller {<\/span>\r\n\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0public function __construct() {<\/span>\r\n\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0parent::__construct();<\/span>\r\n\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0$this-&gt;load-&gt;model('opinion_poll_model');<\/span>\r\n\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0}<\/span>\r\n\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0public function index() {<\/span>\r\n\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0if ($this-&gt;input-&gt;post('submitbutton') &amp;&amp; !$this-&gt;input-&gt;post('vote')) {<\/span>\r\n\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0echo \"&lt;script&gt;alert('You did not vote!');&lt;\/script&gt;\";<\/span>\r\n\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0}<\/span>\r\n\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0if ($this-&gt;input-&gt;post('vote')) {<\/span>\r\n\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0$this-&gt;opinion_poll_model-&gt;add_vote($this-&gt;input-&gt;post('vote'));<\/span>\r\n\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0$data['total_votes'] = $this-&gt;opinion_poll_model-&gt;total_votes();<\/span>\r\n\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0$data['rows'] = $this-&gt;opinion_poll_model-&gt;get_results();<\/span>\r\n\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0$this-&gt;load-&gt;view('results', $data);<\/span>\r\n\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0} else {<\/span>\r\n\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0$this-&gt;load-&gt;view('opinion_poll_form');<\/span>\r\n\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0}<\/span>\r\n\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0}<\/span>\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">}<\/span>\r\n\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\/* K\u1ebft th\u00fac file welcome.php *\/<\/span>\r\n\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\/* Location: .\/application\/controllers\/welcome.php *\/<\/span>\r\n\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">?&gt;<\/span><\/pre>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Ti\u1ebfp theo, ch\u00fang ta s\u1ebd s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng code HTML \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o c\u00e1c view. H\u00e3y t\u1ea1o c\u00e1c t\u1ec7p sau trong th\u01b0 m\u1ee5c application\/views:<\/span><\/p>\n<pre><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">opinion_poll_form.php\u00a0<\/span>\r\n\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">&lt;html&gt;<\/span>\r\n\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">&lt;head&gt;<\/span>\r\n\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0&lt;title&gt;<\/span>\r\n\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0JavaScript Libraries - Opinion Poll<\/span>\r\n\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0&lt;\/title&gt;<\/span>\r\n\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">&lt;\/head&gt;<\/span>\r\n\r\n\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">&lt;body&gt;<\/span>\r\n\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0&lt;h2&gt;JavaScript Libraries - Opinion Poll&lt;\/h2&gt;<\/span>\r\n\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;What is your favorite JavaScript Library?&lt;\/b&gt;&lt;\/p&gt;<\/span>\r\n\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0&lt;form method=\"POST\" action=\"index.php\"&gt;<\/span>\r\n\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0&lt;p&gt;<\/span>\r\n\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0&lt;input type=\"radio\" name=\"vote\" value=\"1\" \/&gt; JQuery<\/span>\r\n\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0&lt;br \/&gt;<\/span>\r\n\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0&lt;input type=\"radio\" name=\"vote\" value=\"2\" \/&gt; MooTools<\/span>\r\n\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0&lt;br \/&gt;<\/span>\r\n\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0&lt;input type=\"radio\" name=\"vote\" value=\"3\" \/&gt; YUI Library<\/span>\r\n\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0&lt;br \/&gt;<\/span>\r\n\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0&lt;input type=\"radio\" name=\"vote\" value=\"4\" \/&gt; Glow &lt;\/p&gt;<\/span>\r\n\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0&lt;p&gt;<\/span>\r\n\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0&lt;input type=\"submit\" name=\"submitbutton\" value=\"OK\" \/&gt;<\/span>\r\n\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0&lt;\/p&gt;<\/span>\r\n\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0&lt;\/form&gt;<\/span>\r\n\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">&lt;\/body&gt;<\/span>\r\n\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">&lt;\/html&gt;<\/span><\/pre>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng, t\u1ea1o trang k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 results.php b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch:<\/span><\/p>\n<pre><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">&lt;html&gt;<\/span>\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0&lt;head&gt;<\/span>\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0&lt;title&gt;JavaScript Libraries - Opinion Poll Results&lt;\/title&gt;<\/span>\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0&lt;\/head&gt;<\/span>\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0&lt;body&gt;<\/span>\r\n\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0&lt;h2&gt;JavaScript Libraries - Opinion Poll Results&lt;\/h2&gt;<\/span>\r\n\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;What is your favorite JavaScript Library?&lt;\/b&gt;&lt;\/p&gt;<\/span>\r\n\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;?php echo $total_votes; ?&gt;&lt;\/b&gt; people have thus far taken part in this poll:&lt;\/p&gt;<\/span>\r\n\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0&lt;p&gt;&lt;table&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td&gt;<\/span>\r\n\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0&lt;?php print($rows); ?&gt;<\/span>\r\n\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0&lt;\/tr&gt;&lt;\/td&gt;&lt;\/table&gt;&lt;\/p&gt;\r\n<\/span>\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">  \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=\"#\"&gt;Return to voting page&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/p&gt;<\/span>\r\n\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">&lt;\/body&gt;<\/span>\r\n\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">&lt;\/html&gt;<\/span><b><\/b><\/pre>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Uu_diem_cua_PHP_MVC\"><\/span><b>\u01afu \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a PHP MVC<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><b>T\u00ednh module v\u00e0 T\u00e1ch bi\u1ec7t c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 (Modularity and Separation of Concerns)<\/b><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">M\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng \u01b0u \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u1ed5i b\u1eadt c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng PHP MVC l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 ph\u00e2n chia r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1. B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch chia \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n th\u00e0nh c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n model, view v\u00e0 controller, b\u1ea1n t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ed9t m\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n code module v\u00e0 c\u00f3 t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c h\u01a1n. S\u1ef1 ph\u00e2n chia n\u00e0y l\u00e0m cho vi\u1ec7c b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec v\u00e0 m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n tr\u1edf n\u00ean d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng h\u01a1n theo th\u1eddi gian.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b>Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u00e1i s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng code (Code Reusability)<\/b><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">V\u1edbi m\u1ed9t ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac MVC \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac t\u1ed1t, b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u00e1i s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c model, view v\u00e0 controller tr\u00ean c\u00e1c ph\u1ea7n kh\u00e1c nhau c\u1ee7a \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u s\u1ef1 l\u1eb7p l\u1ea1i v\u00e0 th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 h\u01a1n. B\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1eadn d\u1ee5ng c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ec3 truy xu\u1ea5t d\u1eef li\u1ec7u t\u1eeb c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u trong c\u00e1c ph\u1ea7n kh\u00e1c nhau c\u1ee7a \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b>T\u00ednh linh ho\u1ea1t v\u00e0 d\u1ec5 m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng (Scalability and Flexibility)<\/b><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">MVC cung c\u1ea5p m\u1ed9t n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng cho \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n. D\u00f9 b\u1ea1n c\u1ea7n th\u00eam t\u00ednh n\u0103ng m\u1edbi, thay \u0111\u1ed5i giao di\u1ec7n ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng, ho\u1eb7c t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a c\u00e1c truy v\u1ea5n c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u, b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c ph\u1ea7n kh\u00e1c c\u1ee7a \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng. S\u1ef1 linh ho\u1ea1t n\u00e0y l\u00e0 quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1eef cho \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng web c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n lu\u00f4n ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p trong m\u1ed9t m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1ed1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n li\u00ean t\u1ee5c bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b>D\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng c\u1ed9ng t\u00e1c<\/b><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Khi l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t nh\u00f3m c\u00e1c l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh vi\u00ean, m\u1eabu MVC \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n h\u00f3a vi\u1ec7c h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c. C\u00e1c th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean trong nh\u00f3m c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 (model, view v\u00e0 controller) m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng g\u00e2y \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c c\u1ee7a nhau. S\u1ef1 ph\u00e2n chia n\u00e0y cho ph\u00e9p l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c nh\u00f3m hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 h\u01a1n v\u00e0 gi\u00fap vi\u1ec7c t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm v\u00e0 s\u1eeda l\u1ed7i tr\u1edf n\u00ean d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng h\u01a1n.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Ngo\u00e0i nh\u1eefng \u01b0u \u0111i\u1ec3m tr\u00ean th\u00ec MVC c\u00f2n m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 \u01b0u \u0111i\u1ec3m kh\u00e1c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 k\u1ec3 th\u00eam nh\u01b0:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">D\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed: Vi\u1ec7c t\u00e1ch bi\u1ec7t c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n MVC gi\u00fap \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n h\u00f3a vi\u1ec7c vi\u1ebft v\u00e0 th\u1ef1c thi c\u00e1c b\u00e0i ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb, \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng code t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">C\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t: MVC c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u00fap t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch ph\u00e2n chia tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m x\u1eed l\u00fd v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3m t\u1ea3i cho server.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">D\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec: Nh\u1edd c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng v\u00e0 logic, vi\u1ec7c b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec v\u00e0 n\u00e2ng c\u1ea5p \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng MVC tr\u1edf n\u00ean d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng h\u01a1n.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Nhuoc_diem_cua_PHP_MVC\"><\/span><b>Nh\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a PHP MVC<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><b>Ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p v\u00e0 kh\u00f3 h\u1ecdc khi m\u1edbi b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u<\/b><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Vi\u1ec7c tri\u1ec3n khai MVC trong PHP c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p h\u01a1n, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1edbi b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u. Vi\u1ec7c c\u1ea7n hi\u1ec3u v\u00e0 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd ba th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n ri\u00eang bi\u1ec7t c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1edbi b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y \u00e1p \u0111\u1eb7t \u1edf giai \u0111o\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ea7u. C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 m\u1ea5t th\u1eddi gian cho c\u00e1c l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh vi\u00ean \u0111\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3u \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m ki\u1ebfn \u200b\u200btr\u00fac v\u00e0 c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b>Chi ph\u00ed ph\u1ee5<\/b><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 nh\u00e0 ph\u00ea b\u00ecnh cho r\u1eb1ng MVC t\u1ea1o ra th\u00eam chi ph\u00ed v\u1ec1 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac t\u1ec7p v\u00e0 code. Trong c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng nh\u1ecf, s\u1ef1 ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p ph\u00e1t sinh t\u1eeb vi\u1ec7c tri\u1ec3n khai MVC c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kh\u00f4ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng x\u1ee9ng so v\u1edbi l\u1ee3i \u00edch thu v\u1ec1. Quan tr\u1ecdng l\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 ph\u1ea1m vi c\u1ee7a d\u1ef1 \u00e1n c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh xem c\u00e1c chi ph\u00ed n\u00e0y c\u00f3 c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft hay kh\u00f4ng.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b>C\u00e1c nguy c\u01a1 v\u1ec1 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt<\/b><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Trong m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p, c\u00e1c l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh vi\u00ean c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p h\u00f3a c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng PHP MVC c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd. V\u00ed d\u1ee5, \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng nh\u1ecf v\u00e0 \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n, c\u00e1c ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac qu\u00e1 ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 v\u1ec1 hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t v\u00e0 th\u1eddi gian ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft. Quan tr\u1ecdng l\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n s\u1ef1 c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng gi\u1eefa m\u1ed9t ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac c\u00f3 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac v\u00e0 c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf c\u1ee7a d\u1ef1 \u00e1n c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b>Kh\u00f4ng hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c d\u1ef1 \u00e1n \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n<\/b><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">MVC c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p nh\u1ea5t cho c\u00e1c d\u1ef1 \u00e1n nh\u1ecf, \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n. Tri\u1ec3n khai MVC trong c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p nh\u01b0 v\u1eady th\u01b0\u1eddng gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 vi\u1ec7c d\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t chi\u1ebfc xe ph\u00e2n kh\u1ed1i l\u1edbn \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111i d\u1ea1o c\u00f4ng vi\u00ean. C\u00e1c ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n h\u01a1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p h\u01a1n cho c\u00e1c d\u1ef1 \u00e1n v\u1edbi y\u00eau c\u1ea7u t\u1ed1i thi\u1ec3u.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng PHP MVC n\u00ean d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 v\u00e0 ph\u1ea1m vi c\u1ee7a d\u1ef1 \u00e1n c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n. M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 MVC mang l\u1ea1i nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ee3i \u00edch, nh\u01b0ng n\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p cho t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 m\u1ecdi tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p. H\u00e3y xem x\u00e9t c\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 sau:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Quy m\u00f4 d\u1ef1 \u00e1n:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c d\u1ef1 \u00e1n nh\u1ecf, m\u1ed9t ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p h\u01a1n. MVC n\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00e0nh cho c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng l\u1edbn, ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p h\u01a1n \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ed1i \u01b0u c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec3m m\u1ea1nh c\u1ee7a c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac n\u00e0y.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Chuy\u00ean m\u00f4n c\u1ee7a nh\u00f3m: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u0110\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 chuy\u00ean m\u00f4n c\u1ee7a nh\u00f3m ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n. N\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 c\u00e1c l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh vi\u00ean gi\u00e0u kinh nghi\u1ec7m, h\u1ecd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1eadn d\u1ee5ng t\u1ed1i \u0111a c\u00e1c l\u1ee3i \u00edch c\u1ee7a MVC. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c nh\u00f3m \u00edt kinh nghi\u1ec7m, m\u1ecdi th\u1ee9 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1ebd kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n h\u01a1n.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">N\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n d\u1ef1 \u0111o\u00e1n \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh s\u1ebd ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai, MVC cung c\u1ea5p m\u1ed9t n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng v\u1eefng ch\u1eafc cho t\u00ednh m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Xem x\u00e9t c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 v\u00e0 k\u1ef3 v\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1c b\u00ean li\u00ean quan. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u01b0a th\u00edch c\u00e1c l\u1ee3i \u00edch c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng MVC c\u00f3 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac t\u1ed1t, trong khi nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u01b0u ti\u00ean m\u1ed9t gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p nhanh ch\u00f3ng, \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n h\u01a1n.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><strong>Y\u00eau c\u1ea7u v\u1ec1 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd d\u1ef1 \u00e1n<\/strong>: \u00c1p d\u1ee5ng MVC hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi k\u1ef9 n\u0103ng qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd d\u1ef1 \u00e1n t\u1ed1t \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e2n chia c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c, \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o giao ti\u1ebfp v\u00e0 ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh vi\u00ean.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><strong>Kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n trong vi\u1ec7c g\u1ee1 l\u1ed7i<\/strong>: Vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e2n t\u00e1ch c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n MVC c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 khi\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00e0 g\u1ee1 l\u1ed7i c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 tr\u1edf n\u00ean ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p h\u01a1n.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><strong>T\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u00edch v\u1edbi th\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n b\u00ean th\u1ee9 ba<\/strong>: M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 th\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n v\u00e0 framework b\u00ean th\u1ee9 ba c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kh\u00f4ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u00edch t\u1ed1t v\u1edbi ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac MVC, d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n trong vi\u1ec7c t\u00edch h\u1ee3p.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Mot_so_PHP_MVC_framework\"><\/span><b>M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 PHP MVC framework<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">D\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 nh\u1eefng PHP MVC Framework ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng hi\u1ec7n nay:<\/span><\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td><b>Framework<\/b><\/td>\n<td><b>\u0110\u1eb7c \u0110i\u1ec3m Ch\u00ednh<\/b><\/td>\n<td><b>Tr\u01b0\u1eddng H\u1ee3p S\u1eed D\u1ee5ng<\/b><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><b>Laravel<\/b><\/td>\n<td>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"text-align: left;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">C\u00fa ph\u00e1p nh\u1eb9 nh\u00e0ng v\u00e0 c\u00e1ch m\u00e3 h\u00f3a r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng.\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: left;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">ORM m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd (Eloquent) v\u1edbi c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: left;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">B\u1ed9 nh\u00fang Blade cho c\u00e1c hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb.\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: left;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">C\u00e1c c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 t\u00edch h\u1ee3p s\u1eb5n cho x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c, caching v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n API.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: left;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">M\u1ed9t c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng s\u00f4i \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em>\u0110\u1ecdc th\u00eam: <a href=\"https:\/\/itviec.com\/blog\/laravel-la-gi\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>Laravel l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/strong><\/a><\/em><\/td>\n<td>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"text-align: left;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">X\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng web \u0111a d\u1ea1ng, t\u1eeb c\u00e1c trang web nh\u1ecf \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng l\u1edbn, ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p.\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: left;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng y\u00eau c\u1ea7u x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c, t\u00ednh n\u0103ng th\u1eddi gian th\u1ef1c v\u00e0 API RESTful.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><b>Symfony<\/b><\/td>\n<td>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"text-align: left;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">M\u1ed9t framework c\u00f3 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac t\u1ed1t v\u00e0 linh ho\u1ea1t.\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: left;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Th\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n v\u00e0 th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n.\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: left;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">B\u1ed9 m\u00e1y nh\u00fang Twig cho c\u00e1c hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb.\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: left;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">S\u1ef1 ch\u00fa tr\u1ecdng m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd v\u00e0o ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u00e3 v\u00e0 c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t.\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: left;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 d\u00e0i h\u1ea1n (LTS) \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"text-align: left;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p \u1edf c\u1ea5p doanh nghi\u1ec7p, bao g\u1ed3m th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed, h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd n\u1ed9i dung v\u00e0 d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 web.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: left;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">X\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u00e1c trang web c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng, c\u00f3 l\u01b0u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng truy c\u1eadp l\u1edbn.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><b>CodeIgniter<\/b><\/td>\n<td>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"text-align: left;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Nh\u1eb9 v\u00e0 d\u1ec5 h\u1ecdc.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: left;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u00e0i \u0111\u1eb7t v\u00e0 c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh t\u1ed1i thi\u1ec3u.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: left;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">M\u1ed9t framework \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n nh\u01b0ng m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: left;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t t\u1ed1t.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: left;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Ch\u00fa tr\u1ecdng v\u00e0o b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">D\u1ef1 \u00e1n nh\u1ecf \u0111\u1ebfn trung b\u00ecnh, prototype ho\u1eb7c khi c\u1ea7n m\u1ed9t framework nh\u1eb9 v\u1edbi <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">overhead<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> chi ph\u00ed h\u1ee3p l\u00fd.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><b>Zend Framework<\/b><\/td>\n<td>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"text-align: left;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">M\u1ed9t framework \u0111a d\u1ea1ng v\u00e0 to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: left;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: left;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">H\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 cho c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 th\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n b\u00ean th\u1ee9 ba kh\u00e1c nhau.\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: left;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Ch\u00fa tr\u1ecdng m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd v\u00e0o kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u00e1i s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng m\u00e3.\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: left;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u00f9y ch\u1ec9nh v\u1edbi c\u00e1c module c\u00f3 ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ea5p doanh nghi\u1ec7p l\u1edbn c\u1ea7n t\u00ednh n\u0103ng ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p v\u00e0 m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 t\u00f9y ch\u1ec9nh cao.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><b>Magento<\/b><\/td>\n<td>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"text-align: left;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">M\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd n\u1ed9i dung th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: left;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf linh ho\u1ea1t v\u00e0 m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng.\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: left;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Cung c\u1ea5p c\u00e1c t\u00ednh n\u0103ng qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m, \u0111\u1eb7t h\u00e0ng, thanh to\u00e1n v\u00e0 v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: left;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">H\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 cho nhi\u1ec1u c\u1eeda h\u00e0ng v\u00e0 k\u00eanh b\u00e1n h\u00e0ng<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: left;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">C\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n v\u00e0 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 l\u1edbn.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em>\u0110\u1ecdc th\u00eam: <a href=\"https:\/\/itviec.com\/blog\/magento-la-gi\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>Magento l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/strong><\/a><\/em><\/td>\n<td>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"text-align: left;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">X\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u00e1c trang web th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u c\u1eeda h\u00e0ng v\u00e0 s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m \u0111a d\u1ea1ng.\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: left;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng y\u00eau c\u1ea7u qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m, \u0111\u1eb7t h\u00e0ng v\u00e0 thanh to\u00e1n ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Cach_tao_PHP_MVC_Framework\"><\/span><b>C\u00e1ch t\u1ea1o PHP MVC Framework<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Trong ph\u1ea7n h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn n\u00e0y, b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn c\u00e1c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng m\u1ed9t framework PHP MVC t\u1eeb nh\u1eefng b\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><b>B\u01b0\u1edbc 1: Thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp D\u1ef1 \u00e1n<\/b><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">T\u1ea1o m\u1ed9t th\u01b0 m\u1ee5c m\u1edbi cho d\u1ef1 \u00e1n c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u01b0\u1edbng b\u1eb1ng d\u00f2ng l\u1ec7nh:<\/span><\/p>\n<pre><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">mkdir php-mvc-framework<\/span>\r\n\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">cd php-mvc-framework<\/span><\/pre>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Kh\u1edfi t\u1ea1o m\u1ed9t Composer m\u1edbi:<\/span><\/p>\n<pre><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">composer init<\/span><\/pre>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">L\u00e0m theo c\u00e1c h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn b\u00ean d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u1ec3 thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp d\u1ef1 \u00e1n c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n. <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Khi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ecfi v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c, \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u1ed1ng cho \u0111\u1ebfn b\u00e2y gi\u1edd.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><b>B\u01b0\u1edbc 2: T\u1ea1o c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac th\u01b0 m\u1ee5c<\/b><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">T\u1ea1o c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac th\u01b0 m\u1ee5c sau cho d\u1ef1 \u00e1n c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n:<\/span><\/p>\n<pre><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">src\/<\/span>\r\n\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Controllers\/<\/span>\r\n\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Models\/<\/span>\r\n\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Views\/<\/span><\/pre>\n<h3><b>B\u01b0\u1edbc 3: X\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n c\u1ed1t l\u00f5i<\/b><\/h3>\n<h4><b>B\u1ed9 \u0110\u1ecbnh Tuy\u1ebfn (Router)<\/b><\/h4>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">T\u1ea1o m\u1ed9t t\u1ec7p m\u1edbi c\u00f3 t\u00ean l\u00e0 Router.php trong th\u01b0 m\u1ee5c src\/. T\u1ec7p n\u00e0y s\u1ebd ch\u1ee9a logic \u0111\u1ecbnh tuy\u1ebfn ch\u00ednh cho framework c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n.<\/span><\/p>\n<pre><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">&lt;?php<\/span>\r\n\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">namespace MVC;<\/span>\r\n\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">class Router {<\/span>\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0protected $routes = [];<\/span>\r\n\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0public function addRoute($route, $controller, $action) {<\/span>\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0$this-&gt;routes[$route] = ['controller' =&gt; $controller, 'action' =&gt; $action];<\/span>\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0}<\/span>\r\n\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0public function dispatch($uri) {<\/span>\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0if (array_key_exists($uri, $this-&gt;routes)) {<\/span>\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0$controller = $this-&gt;routes[$uri]['controller'];<\/span>\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0$action = $this-&gt;routes[$uri]['action'];<\/span>\r\n\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0$controller = new $controller();<\/span>\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0$controller-&gt;$action();<\/span>\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0} else {<\/span>\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0throw new \\Exception(\"No route found for URI: $uri\");<\/span>\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0}<\/span>\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0}<\/span>\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">}<\/span><\/pre>\n<h4><b>Base Controller<\/b><\/h4>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ee9c render trong Controller \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb view. Thay v\u00ec s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng include tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp, ta n\u00ean g\u1ecdi render \u0111\u1ec3 truy\u1ec1n d\u1eef li\u1ec7u t\u1eeb controller sang view:<\/span><\/p>\n<pre><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">&lt;?php<\/span>\r\n\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">namespace MVC\/Controller;<\/span>\r\n\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">class Controller {<\/span>\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0protected function render($view, $data = []) {<\/span>\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0extract($data);<\/span>\r\n\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0$viewPath = \"Views\/$view.php\";<\/span>\r\n\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">if (file_exists($viewPath)) {<\/span>\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">require $viewPath;<\/span>\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">} else {<\/span>\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">throw new Exception(\"View not found: $view\");<\/span>\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">}<\/span>\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">}<\/span>\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">}<\/span><\/pre>\n<h3><b>B\u01b0\u1edbc 4: Th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n m\u1ed9t \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng m\u1eabu<\/b><\/h3>\n<h4><b>T\u1ea1o Model<\/b><\/h4>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">T\u1ea1o m\u1ed9t t\u1ec7p m\u1edbi c\u00f3 t\u00ean l\u00e0 User.php trong th\u01b0 m\u1ee5c src\/Models\/. M\u00f4 h\u00ecnh n\u00e0y s\u1ebd \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n cho m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng trong \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n.<\/span><\/p>\n<pre><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">&lt;?php<\/span>\r\n\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">namespace MVC\\Models;<\/span>\r\n\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">class User {<\/span>\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0public $name;<\/span>\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0public $email;<\/span>\r\n\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0public function __construct($name, $email) {<\/span>\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0$this-&gt;name = $name;<\/span>\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0$this-&gt;email = $email;<\/span>\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0}<\/span>\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">}<\/span><\/pre>\n<h4><b>T\u1ea1o Controller<\/b><\/h4>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">T\u1ea1o m\u1ed9t t\u1ec7p m\u1edbi c\u00f3 t\u00ean l\u00e0 UserController.php trong th\u01b0 m\u1ee5c src\/Controllers\/. Controller n\u00e0y s\u1ebd x\u1eed l\u00fd c\u00e1c h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng.<\/span><\/p>\n<pre><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">&lt;?php<\/span>\r\n\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">namespace MVC\\Controllers;<\/span>\r\n\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">use MVC\\Models\\User;<\/span>\r\n\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">class UserController extends Controller {<\/span>\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">public function index() {<\/span>\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">$users = [<\/span>\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">new User('John Doe', 'johndoe@example.com'),<\/span>\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">new User('Jane Doe', 'janedoe@example.com'),<\/span>\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">];<\/span>\r\n\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">$this-&gt;render('user\/index', ['users' =&gt; $users]);<\/span>\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">}<\/span>\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">}<\/span><\/pre>\n<h4><b>T\u1ea1o View<\/b><\/h4>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">T\u1ea1o m\u1ed9t t\u1ec7p m\u1edbi c\u00f3 t\u00ean l\u00e0 index.php trong th\u01b0 m\u1ee5c src\/Views\/user\/. View n\u00e0y s\u1ebd hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb m\u1ed9t danh s\u00e1ch ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng.<\/span><\/p>\n<pre><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">&lt;!DOCTYPE html&gt;<\/span>\r\n\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">&lt;html lang=\"en\"&gt;<\/span>\r\n\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">&lt;head&gt;<\/span>\r\n\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0&lt;meta charset=\"UTF-8\"&gt;<\/span>\r\n\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0&lt;title&gt;User List&lt;\/title&gt;<\/span>\r\n\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">&lt;\/head&gt;<\/span>\r\n\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">&lt;body&gt;<\/span>\r\n\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0&lt;h1&gt;Danh s\u00e1ch ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng&lt;\/h1&gt;<\/span>\r\n\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0&lt;ul&gt;<\/span>\r\n\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0&lt;?php foreach ($users as $user): ?&gt;<\/span>\r\n\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0&lt;li&gt;&lt;?= $user-&gt;name ?&gt; (&lt;?= $user-&gt;email ?&gt;)&lt;\/li&gt;<\/span>\r\n\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0&lt;?php endforeach; ?&gt;<\/span>\r\n\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0&lt;\/ul&gt;<\/span>\r\n\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">&lt;\/body&gt;<\/span>\r\n\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">&lt;\/html&gt;<\/span><\/pre>\n<h4><b>Thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp Routes<\/b><\/h4>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">T\u1ea1o m\u1ed9t t\u1ec7p m\u1edbi c\u00f3 t\u00ean l\u00e0 routes.php trong th\u01b0 m\u1ee5c src\/. T\u1ec7p n\u00e0y s\u1ebd x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1c tuy\u1ebfn \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng cho \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n.<\/span><\/p>\n<pre><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">&lt;?php<\/span>\r\n\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">use MVC\\Router;<\/span>\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">use MVC\\Controllers\\UserController;<\/span>\r\n\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">$router = new Router();<\/span>\r\n\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">$router-&gt;addRoute('\/', UserController::class, 'index');<\/span><\/pre>\n<h4><b>Ki\u1ec3m tra \u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng<\/b><\/h4>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">T\u1ea1o m\u1ed9t t\u1ec7p m\u1edbi c\u00f3 t\u00ean l\u00e0 index.php trong th\u01b0 m\u1ee5c g\u1ed1c c\u1ee7a d\u1ef1 \u00e1n c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n. T\u1ec7p n\u00e0y s\u1ebd l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec3m nh\u1eadp cho \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n.<\/span><\/p>\n<pre><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">&lt;?php<\/span>\r\n\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">require 'vendor\/autoload.php';<\/span>\r\n\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">$uri = $_SERVER['REQUEST_URI'];<\/span>\r\n\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">$router = require 'src\/routes.php';<\/span>\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">$router-&gt;dispatch($uri);<\/span><\/pre>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Ch\u1ea1y m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 web PHP t\u00edch h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ec3 ki\u1ec3m tra \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n:<\/span><\/p>\n<pre><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">php -S localhost:8000<\/span><b><\/b><\/pre>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Cac_cau_hoi_thuong_gap_ve_PHP_MVC\"><\/span>C\u00e1c c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1eb7p v\u1ec1 PHP MVC<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<h3><b>\u00dd ngh\u0129a c\u1ee7a MVC trong PHP l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/b><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Model-View-Controller (MVC) l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t m\u1eabu thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf chia \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng th\u00e0nh ba th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n li\u00ean k\u1ebft v\u1edbi nhau. S\u1ef1 ph\u00e2n t\u00e1ch n\u00e0y cho ph\u00e9p c\u00e1c l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh vi\u00ean ch\u1ec9nh s\u1eeda ho\u1eb7c c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt m\u1ed9t th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n kh\u00e1c. Trong PHP, MVC \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t h\u1eefu \u00edch v\u00ec n\u00f3 t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c code, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd d\u1eef li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf giao di\u1ec7n ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><b>MVC ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o trong PHP?<\/b><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Trong PHP, MVC ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch chia \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng th\u00e0nh ba th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n. Model x\u1eed l\u00fd d\u1eef li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 logic, View qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd giao di\u1ec7n ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng v\u00e0 hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb d\u1eef li\u1ec7u, v\u00e0 Controller x\u1eed l\u00fd y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng v\u00e0 c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt Model, View t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng. S\u1ef1 ph\u00e2n t\u00e1ch n\u00e0y gi\u00fap qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd code hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 h\u01a1n v\u00e0 d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng g\u1ee1 l\u1ed7i.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><b>\u0110\u00e2u l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng framework PHP MVC ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn?<\/b><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">C\u00f3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 framework PHP MVC ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u00fap b\u1ea1n tri\u1ec3n khai MVC trong c\u00e1c d\u1ef1 \u00e1n c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh. C\u00e1c framework n\u00e0y bao g\u1ed3m Laravel, Symfony, CodeIgniter v\u00e0 CakePHP. C\u00e1c framework n\u00e0y cung c\u1ea5p m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch c\u00f3 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng web s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng MVC.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><b>Nh\u1eefng l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c n\u00e0o c\u1ea7n s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng PHP MVC?<\/b><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">PHP MVC th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng trong c\u00e1c l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c nh\u01b0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng web, x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd n\u1ed9i dung (CMS), ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed (e-commerce), x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng m\u1ea1ng x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n API v\u00e0 d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 web.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Tong_ket_PHP_MVC\"><\/span><b>T\u1ed5ng k\u1ebft PHP MVC<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">PHP MVC l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh \u0111\u00e1ng \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00e2n nh\u1eafc \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n PHP. B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch t\u00e1ch bi\u1ec7t logic \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng th\u00e0nh c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp, PHP MVC mang l\u1ea1i s\u1ef1 t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c v\u00e0 d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n.<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Trong s\u1ed1 c\u00e1c m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh d\u00e0nh cho \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng web, PHP MVC (Model-View-Controller) \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn nh\u1ea5t cho c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n PHP. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y l\u00e0 nh\u1edd v\u00e0o kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u00e1ch bi\u1ec7t logic \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng th\u00e0nh c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n ri\u00eang bi\u1ec7t, t\u1eeb vi\u1ec7c qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ebfn [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":95,"featured_media":72790,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_gspb_post_css":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[109],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-73108","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-chuyen-mon-it"],"blocksy_meta":[],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v26.8 (Yoast SEO v27.7) - 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