{"id":69649,"date":"2024-05-26T20:34:08","date_gmt":"2024-05-26T13:34:08","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/itviec.com\/blog\/?p=69649"},"modified":"2024-05-26T20:34:08","modified_gmt":"2024-05-26T13:34:08","slug":"system-admin","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/itviec.com\/blog\/system-admin\/","title":{"rendered":"System Admin l\u00e0 g\u00ec? Nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c c\u1ee7a System Admin"},"content":{"rendered":"<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_85 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-grey ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<div class=\"ez-toc-title-container\">\n<p class=\"ez-toc-title\" style=\"cursor:inherit\">N\u1ed9i dung b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft<\/p>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-title-toggle\"><a href=\"#\" class=\"ez-toc-pull-right ez-toc-btn ez-toc-btn-xs ez-toc-btn-default ez-toc-toggle\" aria-label=\"Toggle Table of Content\"><span class=\"ez-toc-js-icon-con\"><span class=\"\"><span class=\"eztoc-hide\" style=\"display:none;\">Toggle<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-icon-toggle-span\"><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" class=\"list-377408\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path d=\"M6 6H4v2h2V6zm14 0H8v2h12V6zM4 11h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2zM4 16h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" class=\"arrow-unsorted-368013\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"10px\" height=\"10px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" version=\"1.2\" baseProfile=\"tiny\"><path d=\"M18.2 9.3l-6.2-6.3-6.2 6.3c-.2.2-.3.4-.3.7s.1.5.3.7c.2.2.4.3.7.3h11c.3 0 .5-.1.7-.3.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7zM5.8 14.7l6.2 6.3 6.2-6.3c.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7c-.2-.2-.4-.3-.7-.3h-11c-.3 0-.5.1-.7.3-.2.2-.3.5-.3.7s.1.5.3.7z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/span><\/div>\n<nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 ' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/itviec.com\/blog\/system-admin\/#Khai_quat_ve_System_Admin_la_gi\" >Kh\u00e1i qu\u00e1t v\u1ec1 System Admin l\u00e0 g\u00ec<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/itviec.com\/blog\/system-admin\/#Cong_viec_va_trach_nhiem_cua_System_Admin\" >C\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c v\u00e0 tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m c\u1ee7a System Admin<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/itviec.com\/blog\/system-admin\/#Can_trang_bi_gi_de_tro_thanh_Quan_tri_vien_he_thong\" >C\u1ea7n trang b\u1ecb g\u00ec \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh Qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb vi\u00ean h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/itviec.com\/blog\/system-admin\/#Cac_kho_khan_thu_thach_cua_nghe_System_Admin\" >C\u00e1c kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n, th\u1eed th\u00e1ch c\u1ee7a ngh\u1ec1 System Admin<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/itviec.com\/blog\/system-admin\/#Muc_luong_vi_tri_System_Admin\" >M\u1ee9c l\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1ecb tr\u00ed System Admin<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-6\" href=\"https:\/\/itviec.com\/blog\/system-admin\/#Cac_cong_cu_System_Admin_can_quan_tam\" >C\u00e1c c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 System Admin c\u1ea7n quan t\u00e2m<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-7\" href=\"https:\/\/itviec.com\/blog\/system-admin\/#Cac_cau_hoi_thuong_gap_ve_nhiem_vu_va_cong_viec_cua_System_Admin\" >C\u00e1c c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1eb7p v\u1ec1 nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c c\u1ee7a System Admin<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-8\" href=\"https:\/\/itviec.com\/blog\/system-admin\/#Tong_ket\" >T\u1ed5ng k\u1ebft<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<p><b><i>\u0110i c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n nhanh ch\u00f3ng v\u00e0 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i s\u1ed1 doanh nghi\u1ec7p t\u1eeb ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7, c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u cho nh\u00f3m ng\u00e0nh IT n\u00f3i chung v\u00e0 v\u1ecb tr\u00ed System Admin n\u00f3i ri\u00eang \u0111\u00e3 gia t\u0103ng \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 trong v\u00e0i n\u0103m tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i \u0111\u00e2y. H\u00e3y c\u00f9ng ITviec t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u xem nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c c\u1ee7a System Admin l\u00e0 g\u00ec th\u00f4ng qua b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y.<\/i><\/b><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u0110\u1ecdc b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3u h\u01a1n v\u1ec1:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Kh\u00e1i qu\u00e1t v\u1ec1 System Admin<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">C\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c v\u00e0 tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m c\u1ee7a System Admin<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">C\u1ea7n trang b\u1ecb g\u00ec \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh System Admin?<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">C\u00e1c kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n, th\u1ee9c th\u00e1ch c\u1ee7a ngh\u1ec1 System Admin<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">M\u1ee9c l\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u1ee7a v\u1ecb tr\u00ed System Admin<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">C\u00e1c c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 System Admin c\u1ea7n quan t\u00e2m<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Khai_quat_ve_System_Admin_la_gi\"><\/span><b> Kh\u00e1i qu\u00e1t v\u1ec1 System Admin l\u00e0 g\u00ec<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<h3><b> System Admin l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/b><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">System Admin, hay SysAdmin, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3u n\u00f4m na l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng, bao g\u1ed3m c\u1ea3 ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m, ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee9ng, c\u00e1c m\u00e1y tr\u1ea1m (workstations) v\u00e0 m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 (server). M\u1ee5c ti\u00eau ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a System Admin l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng n\u00e0y v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3, m\u01b0\u1ee3t m\u00e0.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><b> C\u00e1c h\u01b0\u1edbng chuy\u00ean m\u00f4n ho\u00e1 cho System Admin<\/b><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">System Admin l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n chuy\u00ean m\u00f4n ho\u00e1. M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c System Admin \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111a n\u0103ng, nh\u01b0ng vi\u1ec7c chuy\u00ean s\u00e2u v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u00fap n\u00e2ng cao kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ki\u1ebfm thu nh\u1eadp c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">C\u00f3 4 \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u01b0\u1edbng ch\u00ednh m\u00e0 m\u1ed9t System Admin c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n, tu\u1ef3 theo n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u01b0\u1edbng ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a m\u1ed7i ng\u01b0\u1eddi:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">M\u1ea1ng (Networking)<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">C\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u (Database)<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">B\u1ea3o m\u1eadt h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng (IT security)<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u0110i\u1ec7n to\u00e1n \u0111\u00e1m m\u00e2y (Cloud)<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">C\u00f2n v\u1ec1 v\u1ecb tr\u00ed c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 khi chuy\u00ean m\u00f4n ho\u00e1, s\u1ebd c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng v\u1ecb tr\u00ed c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng nh\u01b0 sau:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb vi\u00ean web ho\u1eb7c m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 (Server\/Web administrator)<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb vi\u00ean m\u1ea1ng (Network administrator)<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb vi\u00ean h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng an ninh (Security systems administrator)<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb vi\u00ean c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u (Database administrators)<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">H\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt v\u00e0 kh\u1eafc ph\u1ee5c s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1 (Technical support and troubleshooting)<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Cong_viec_va_trach_nhiem_cua_System_Admin\"><\/span><b> C\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c v\u00e0 tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m c\u1ee7a System Admin<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">System Admin \u0111\u00f3ng m\u1ed9t vai tr\u00f2 ch\u1ee7 ch\u1ed1t trong ng\u00e0nh IT. H\u1ecd c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh, \u0111\u00e1ng tin c\u1eady cho c\u00f4ng ty th\u00f4ng qua vi\u1ec7c thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp v\u00e0 duy tr\u00ec c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng IT. <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">C\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 k\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u01b0: qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh, ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t truy c\u1eadp, b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt, x\u1eed l\u00fd s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1 v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng, v\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c nhu c\u1ea7u s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n th\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u1eadt.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Ngo\u00e0i ra, System Admin c\u0169ng ph\u1ea3i qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd m\u1ecdi kh\u00eda c\u1ea1nh c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 v\u00e0 c\u01a1 s\u1edf h\u1ea1 t\u1ea7ng IT, \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o s\u1ef1 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh cho to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 doanh nghi\u1ec7p. M\u1ed7i gi\u00e2y s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1 ho\u1eb7c ng\u1eebng ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00e2y ra m\u1ea5t m\u00e1t v\u1ec1 hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t v\u00e0 doanh thu \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">C\u00e1c System Admin d\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u01b0 lu\u00f4n c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t danh s\u00e1ch c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c d\u00e0i b\u1ea5t t\u1eadn, m\u00e0 t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t m\u1ed7i c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 t\u1ea7m quan tr\u1ecdng nh\u01b0 nhau. \u0110\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n \u0111\u00e3 chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb s\u1eb5n s\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb vi\u00ean h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng, b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1ebd c\u1ea7n tham kh\u1ea3o c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea7u vi\u1ec7c c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 nh\u01b0 sau:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><strong>Qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u:<\/strong> Vi\u1ec7c c\u00e1c System Admin s\u1eafp x\u1ebfp v\u00e0 ghi l\u1ea1i c\u00e1c th\u00f4ng tin v\u1ec1 t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n, bao g\u1ed3m ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee9ng, ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m v\u00e0 gi\u1ea5y ph\u00e9p s\u1ebd gi\u00fap \u00edch r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u khi x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n li\u00ean quan trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t khi c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1 x\u1ea3y ra.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><strong>Ki\u1ec3m k\u00ea ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee9ng:<\/strong> Danh s\u00e1ch ki\u1ec3m tra v\u00e0 duy tr\u00ec c\u00e1c m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 v\u1eadt l\u00fd v\u00e0 \u1ea3o bao g\u1ed3m: h\u1ec7 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh (Linux, Windows hay Hypervisor nhi\u1ec1u phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n), RAM, CPU, HDD, b\u1ed9 nh\u1edb ngo\u00e0i (SAN\/NAS), c\u00e1c c\u1ed5ng k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i, \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 IP, c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt,&#8230;<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><strong>Ki\u1ec3m k\u00ea ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m:<\/strong> C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 k\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ebfn: c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh (Oracle WebLogic, IBM WebSphere Application Server, Apache Tomcat, Red Hat JBoss,&#8230;) hay c\u00e1c ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m thu\u1ed9c b\u00ean th\u1ee9 ba.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><strong>Chi ti\u1ebft c\u00e1c gi\u1ea5y ph\u00e9p c\u1ea5p quy\u1ec1n:<\/strong> Qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 th\u00f4ng tin chi ti\u1ebft v\u1ec1 gi\u1ea5y ph\u00e9p cho c\u00e1c m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 v\u1eadt l\u00fd v\u00e0 m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 \u1ea3o (VMs), bao g\u1ed3m gi\u1ea5y ph\u00e9p cho h\u1ec7 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh Windows, c\u00e1c \u0111\u0103ng k\u00fd cho h\u1ec7 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh Linux, v\u00e0 gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n gi\u1ea5y ph\u00e9p c\u1ee7a m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 hypervisor.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><strong>Ki\u1ec3m tra s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7:<\/strong> Bao g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea7u vi\u1ec7c nh\u01b0:<\/span>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd c\u00e1c ti\u1ebfn tr\u00ecnh \u0111ang ch\u1ea1y (Running processes): Ki\u1ec3m tra c\u00e1c ti\u1ebfn tr\u00ecnh \u0111ang ti\u00eau th\u1ee5 t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n d\u1ef1 ki\u1ebfn v\u00e0 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh)<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng CPU: Theo d\u00f5i v\u00e0 ki\u1ec3m tra vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng CPU \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng ch\u00fang kh\u00f4ng ti\u00eau th\u1ee5 t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n d\u1ef1 ki\u1ebfn<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng b\u1ed9 nh\u1edb: Ki\u1ec3m tra vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng b\u1ed9 nh\u1edb v\u00e0 l\u00e0m s\u1ea1ch b\u1ed9 nh\u1edb cache n\u1ebfu c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Zombie processes: C\u00e1c ti\u1ebfn tr\u00ecnh zombie ch\u1ea1y ng\u1ea7m l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7, v\u00ec v\u1eady t\u00ecm v\u00e0 k\u1ebft th\u00fac b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 ti\u1ebfn tr\u00ecnh zombie n\u00e0o t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch ki\u1ec3m tra c\u00e1c ti\u1ebfn tr\u00ecnh m\u00e0 PID v\u1eabn t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i trong b\u1ea3ng ti\u1ebfn tr\u00ecnh sau khi ch\u00fang \u0111\u00e3 k\u1ebft th\u00fac<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Average load: N\u1ebfu g\u1eb7p v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 v\u1ec1 hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t, ki\u1ec3m tra trung b\u00ecnh t\u1ea3i v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u1ed5 \u0111\u0129a\/SAN\/NAS: Ki\u1ec3m tra b\u00e1o c\u00e1o I\/O cho c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb l\u01b0u tr\u1eef \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1eafn ngo\u00e0i \u0111\u1ec3 theo d\u00f5i v\u00e0 ki\u1ec3m tra t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 thao t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecdc\/ghi<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><strong>L\u1eadp k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch sao l\u01b0u v\u00e0 ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i sau s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1:<\/strong> Li\u00ean l\u1ea1c v\u1edbi nh\u00f3m sao l\u01b0u v\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p cho h\u1ecd d\u1eef li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 \u01b0u ti\u00ean c\u1ee7a kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n sao l\u01b0u.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><strong>C\u1eadp nh\u1eadt:<\/strong> C\u00e1c b\u1ea3n v\u00e1 hay c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt h\u1ec7 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh cho c\u00e1c l\u1ed7 h\u1ed5ng \u0111\u00e3 bi\u1ebft ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tri\u1ec3n khai ngay l\u1eadp t\u1ee9c.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><strong>T\u00ednh t\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u00edch \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng:<\/strong> Tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi tri\u1ec3n khai \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng, h\u00e3y ki\u1ec3m tra t\u00ednh t\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u00edch c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 v\u1edbi ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee9ng v\u00e0 h\u1ec7 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n, v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n ki\u1ec3m tra t\u1ea3i (load testing) tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi \u0111\u01b0a v\u00e0o ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><strong>T\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 (Server hardening):<\/strong> V\u1ec1 ph\u1ea7n Linux, c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea7u vi\u1ec7c bao g\u1ed3m: \u0111\u1eb7t m\u1eadt kh\u1ea9u BIOS, \u0111\u1eb7t m\u1eadt kh\u1ea9u GRUB, t\u1eeb ch\u1ed1i quy\u1ec1n truy c\u1eadp root, sudo users, TCP wrappers, tu\u1ef3 ch\u1ec9nh t\u01b0\u1eddng l\u1eeda, c\u00e0i \u0111\u1eb7t ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m di\u1ec7t virus, secure and audit logs, rotate the logs. C\u00f2n v\u1ec1 ph\u1ea7n Windows, b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd ph\u1ea3i: \u0111\u1eb7t m\u1eadt kh\u1ea9u BIOS, c\u00e0i \u0111\u1eb7t ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m di\u1ec7t virus, tu\u1ef3 ch\u1ec9nh t\u01b0\u1eddng l\u1eeda, t\u1eeb ch\u1ed1i \u0111\u0103ng nh\u1eadp qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb (Deny administrator login).<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><strong>S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 syslog:<\/strong> B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh m\u1ed9t m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 syslog trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ec3 l\u01b0u tr\u1eef c\u00e1c nh\u1eadt k\u00fd h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng, khi x\u1ea3y ra x\u00e2m nh\u1eadp ho\u1eb7c s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1, System Admin c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ki\u1ec3m tra c\u00e1c nh\u1eadt k\u00fd tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00f3 v\u00e0 th\u1eddi gian th\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ea9n \u0111o\u00e1n v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><strong>T\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng ho\u00e1:<\/strong> C\u00e1c System Admin c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 ph\u1ea3i th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n nhi\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ea7u vi\u1ec7c v\u00e0o c\u00e1c th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh. V\u00ec v\u1eady, h\u1ecd n\u00ean vi\u1ebft c\u00e1c t\u1eadp l\u1ec7nh ho\u1eb7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i v\u00e0 c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh ch\u00fang nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c cron (cron jobs) \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0o th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m th\u00edch h\u1ee3p.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><strong>C\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t:<\/strong> C\u00e0i \u0111\u1eb7t v\u00e0 c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t th\u1eddi gian th\u1ef1c nh\u01b0 Nagios, HP, vv., \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t c\u01a1 s\u1edf h\u1ea1 t\u1ea7ng IT c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t ra c\u1ea3nh b\u00e1o v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 ti\u1ec1m \u1ea9n.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Can_trang_bi_gi_de_tro_thanh_Quan_tri_vien_he_thong\"><\/span><b>C\u1ea7n trang b\u1ecb g\u00ec \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh Qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb vi\u00ean h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng?<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<h3><b> K\u1ef9 n\u0103ng c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n<\/b><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">System Admin l\u00e0 v\u1ecb tr\u00ed c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m nhi\u1ec7m nhi\u1ec1u vai tr\u00f2 trong ph\u00f2ng IT, n\u00ean c\u00e1c ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n v\u00e0 n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng v\u1ec1 IT ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u1eafm r\u1ea5t r\u00f5. B\u1edfi v\u00ec, nh\u1eefng ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c \u0111\u00f3 ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 c\u01a1 s\u1edf \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea1n ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c h\u1ecdc h\u1ecfi v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n l\u00ean nh\u1eefng v\u1ecb tr\u00ed cao h\u01a1n v\u1edbi m\u1ee9c \u0111\u00e3i ng\u1ed9 t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n. C\u00e1c k\u1ef9 n\u0103ng chuy\u00ean m\u00f4n b\u1ea1n c\u1ea7n trang b\u1ecb tr\u00ean con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh System Admin c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 k\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u01b0:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Quy\u1ec1n h\u1ea1n v\u00e0 qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">SSO v\u00e0 qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb m\u1eadt kh\u1ea9u<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">K\u1ef9 n\u0103ng qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd v\u00e0 s\u1eafp x\u1ebfp th\u01b0 m\u1ee5c<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft v\u1ec1 ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch v\u00e0 th\u1ee7 t\u1ee5c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">C\u00e0i \u0111\u1eb7t ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m, c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">K\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch d\u1ef1 ph\u00f2ng, chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i v\u00e0 ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">B\u1ea3o m\u1eadt<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Gi\u1eef g\u00ecn t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt runbooks<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u0110\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 sau s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">B\u00ean c\u1ea1nh \u0111\u00f3, b\u1ea1n c\u0169ng c\u1ea7n c\u00f3 th\u00eam c\u00e1c k\u1ef9 n\u0103ng m\u1ec1m \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u00fap qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh x\u1eed l\u00fd c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c tr\u1edf n\u00ean thu\u1eadn ti\u1ec7n v\u00e0 d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng h\u01a1n. C\u00e1c k\u1ef9 n\u0103ng m\u1ec1m bao g\u1ed3m:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">K\u1ef9 n\u0103ng giao ti\u1ebfp<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">K\u1ef9 n\u0103ng t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Ch\u00fa \u00fd \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c chi ti\u1ebft<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0a ra c\u1ea3nh b\u00e1o<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n, ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng v\u00e0 x\u1eed l\u00fd s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng h\u1ecdc h\u1ecfi v\u00e0 c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt li\u00ean t\u1ee5c<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng th\u00edch \u1ee9ng nhanh<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3><b> Ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c v\u1ec1 scripting<\/b><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 v\u1ecb tr\u00ed System Admin kh\u00f4ng y\u00eau c\u1ea7u v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c b\u1ea1n ph\u1ea3i bi\u1ebft ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh, nh\u01b0ng n\u1ebfu c\u00f3 ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c v\u1ec1 scripting s\u1ebd gi\u00fap b\u1ea1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 cao h\u01a1n v\u00e0 s\u1edbm c\u00f3 c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i th\u0103ng ti\u1ebfn h\u01a1n trong c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">C\u00e1c ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef scripting ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i m\u00e0 b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 h\u1ecdc nh\u01b0:\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><strong>Bash:<\/strong> Ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh Bash l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef scripting \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu tr\u00ean h\u1ec7 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh UNIX v\u00e0 Linux. N\u00f3 cung c\u1ea5p c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u00f3a c\u00e1c t\u00e1c v\u1ee5 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 x\u1eed l\u00fd c\u00e1c l\u1ec7nh d\u00f2ng l\u1ec7nh trong m\u1ed9t m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng d\u00f2ng l\u1ec7nh m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><strong>Python:<\/strong> Python l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh th\u00f4ng d\u1ecbch, d\u1ec5 \u0111\u1ecdc v\u00e0 d\u1ec5 vi\u1ebft, th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng cho c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng \u0111a d\u1ea1ng t\u1eeb ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n web \u0111\u1ebfn khoa h\u1ecdc d\u1eef li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 nh\u00e2n t\u1ea1o. N\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng v\u1edbi c\u00fa ph\u00e1p \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n, h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 nhi\u1ec1u th\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd v\u00e0 c\u00f3 c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 l\u1edbn, \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p v\u00e0o s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n v\u00e0 ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef n\u00e0y.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><strong>Powershell:<\/strong> PowerShell l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh v\u00e0 giao di\u1ec7n d\u00f2ng l\u1ec7nh (CLI) \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n b\u1edfi Microsoft, thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t cho vi\u1ec7c qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u00f3a c\u00e1c t\u00e1c v\u1ee5 tr\u00ean n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng Windows. N\u00f3 cung c\u1ea5p c\u00e1c cmdlet m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd \u0111\u1ec3 t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c v\u1edbi c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u00edch h\u1ee3p r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 Microsoft kh\u00e1c nh\u01b0 Active Directory v\u00e0 Exchange Server.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><strong>Node.js:<\/strong> Node.js l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng tr\u00ean JavaScript v\u00e0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng cho vi\u1ec7c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng cao. N\u00f3 cho ph\u00e9p vi\u1ebft m\u00e3 JavaScript \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c thi tr\u00ean m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7, cho ph\u00e9p x\u1eed l\u00fd c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u web kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1ed9 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><strong>Go:<\/strong> Go, c\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Golang, l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh m\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n m\u1edf \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n b\u1edfi Google. N\u00f3 n\u1ed5i b\u1eadt v\u1edbi c\u00fa ph\u00e1p \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n, hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t cao, h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 \u0111a lu\u1ed3ng v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd, th\u00edch h\u1ee3p cho vi\u1ec7c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m c\u00f3 t\u00ednh m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3><b> B\u1eb1ng c\u1ea5p<\/b><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Trong ng\u00e0nh IT n\u00f3i chung v\u00e0 v\u1ecb tr\u00ed System Admin n\u00f3i ri\u00eang, b\u1eb1ng c\u1ea5p kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c chuy\u00ean ng\u00e0nh c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n m\u00e0 c\u00f2n th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng h\u1ecdc h\u1ecfi li\u00ean t\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1eaft k\u1ecbp v\u1edbi c\u00e1c xu h\u01b0\u1edbng c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 m\u1edbi nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n. Ch\u00ednh v\u00ec th\u1ebf, b\u1eb1ng c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi System Admin \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 r\u1ea5t cao.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">V\u1ecb tr\u00ed System Admin nh\u00ecn t\u1ed5ng th\u1ec3 s\u1ebd ph\u1ea3i bao qu\u00e1t kh\u00e1 nhi\u1ec1u l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c trong ph\u00f2ng IT, n\u00ean nh\u1eefng b\u1eb1ng c\u1ea5p c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft cho v\u1ecb tr\u00ed n\u00e0y c\u0169ng s\u1ebd tr\u1ea3i d\u00e0i v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u h\u1ec7 ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c kh\u00e1c nhau. V\u00e0 tu\u1ef3 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u01b0\u1edbng ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n, m\u1ed7i ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1ebd c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp ri\u00eang cho nh\u1eefng lo\u1ea1i b\u1eb1ng c\u1ea5p nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Nh\u1eefng b\u1eb1ng c\u1ea5p n\u00ean c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi v\u1ecb tr\u00ed System Admin bao g\u1ed3m:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.redhat.com\/en\/services\/certification\/rhcsa\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Red Hat Certified System Administrator (RHCSA)<\/a><\/strong><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><strong>:<\/strong> Ch\u1ee9ng ch\u1ec9 Red Hat Certified System Administrator (RHCSA) l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ch\u1ee9ng ch\u1ec9 uy t\u00edn trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng Linux. N\u00f3 x\u00e1c nh\u1eadn kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng trong vi\u1ec7c tri\u1ec3n khai, c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh, qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd v\u00e0 gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng Linux d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean Red Hat Enterprise Linux (RHEL).<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.comptia.org\/certifications\/server\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Ch\u1ee9ng ch\u1ec9 CompTIA Server+<\/a><\/strong><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><strong>:<\/strong> Ch\u1ee9ng ch\u1ec9 CompTIA Server+ l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ch\u1ee9ng ch\u1ec9 qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf ch\u1ee9ng minh kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c chuy\u00ean gia h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng trong vi\u1ec7c tri\u1ec3n khai, qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec c\u00e1c m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7. N\u00f3 x\u00e1c nh\u1eadn c\u00e1c k\u1ef9 n\u0103ng c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c v\u1edbi ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee9ng m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7, h\u1ec7 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh, \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng v\u00e0 c\u00e1c d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 m\u1ea1ng.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.comptia.org\/certifications\/security\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><strong>Ch\u1ee9ng ch\u1ec9 CompTIA Security+<\/strong><\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><strong>:<\/strong> Ch\u1ee9ng ch\u1ec9 CompTIA Security+ l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ch\u1ee9ng ch\u1ec9 qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c an ninh th\u00f4ng tin, x\u00e1c nh\u1eadn kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c chuy\u00ean gia trong vi\u1ec7c c\u00e0i \u0111\u1eb7t v\u00e0 c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh c\u00e1c bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng th\u00f4ng tin. N\u00f3 bao g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c ki\u1ebfn \u200b\u200bth\u1ee9c v\u1ec1 m\u1ea1ng, an ninh \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng, m\u1ed1i \u0111e d\u1ecda v\u00e0 l\u1ed7 h\u1ed5ng b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.cisco.com\/site\/us\/en\/learn\/training-certifications\/certifications\/enterprise\/ccna\/index.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><strong>Cisco Certified Network Associate<\/strong><\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><strong>:<\/strong> Ch\u1ee9ng ch\u1ec9 Cisco Certified Network Associate (CCNA) l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ch\u1ee9ng ch\u1ec9 qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf ch\u1ee9ng nh\u1eadn kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c chuy\u00ean gia m\u1ea1ng trong thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp, c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh, v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh v\u00e0 gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t c\u00e1c m\u1ea1ng LAN v\u00e0 WAN s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb Cisco. N\u00f3 x\u00e1c nh\u1eadn ki\u1ebfn \u200b\u200bth\u1ee9c v\u00e0 k\u1ef9 n\u0103ng c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp v\u00e0 duy tr\u00ec c\u00e1c m\u1ea1ng c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><a href=\"https:\/\/nowlearning.servicenow.com\/lxp\/en\/pages\/journey-overview?id=journey_overview&amp;journey_id=55f79b4a1b96add013f9a6c1b24bcb30\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><strong>ServiceNow Certified System Administrator<\/strong><\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><strong>:<\/strong> Ch\u1ee9ng ch\u1ec9 ServiceNow Certified System Administrator x\u00e1c nh\u1eadn kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n trong tri\u1ec3n khai, qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb v\u00e0 t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng ServiceNow. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea1t ch\u1ee9ng ch\u1ec9 n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd c\u00e1c quy tr\u00ecnh v\u00e0 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng tr\u00ean ServiceNow \u0111\u1ec3 cung c\u1ea5p gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 IT hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">B\u00ean c\u1ea1nh nh\u1eefng ch\u1ee9ng ch\u1ec9 tr\u00ean, \u1edf nh\u1eefng v\u1ecb tr\u00ed cao h\u01a1n c\u1ee7a System Admin, b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd c\u1ea7n b\u1ed5 sung c\u00e1c ch\u1ee9ng ch\u1ec9 chuy\u00ean m\u00f4n h\u01a1n. Chi ti\u1ebft c\u00e1c chi ch\u1ee9ng ch\u1ec9 cho t\u1eebng v\u1ecb tr\u00ed, b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tham kh\u1ea3o th\u00eam t\u1ea1i b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft <a href=\"https:\/\/itviec.com\/blog\/quan-tri-he-thong-la-gi\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>Qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng: M\u00f4 t\u1ea3 c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c, K\u1ef9 n\u0103ng v\u00e0 Ch\u1ee9ng ch\u1ec9 c\u1ea7n c\u00f3<\/strong><\/a><\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Cac_kho_khan_thu_thach_cua_nghe_System_Admin\"><\/span><b> C\u00e1c kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n, th\u1eed th\u00e1ch c\u1ee7a ngh\u1ec1 System Admin<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">L\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c \u1edf v\u1ecb tr\u00ed System Admin, b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ed1i m\u1eb7t v\u1edbi r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c kh\u00e1c nhau v\u00e0 ch\u00fang s\u1ebd mang l\u1ea1i cho b\u1ea1n nh\u1eefng kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh. N\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb t\u1ed1t, n\u00f3 s\u1ebd g\u00e2y c\u1ea3n tr\u1edf c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c v\u00e0 ph\u1ea7n n\u00e0o s\u1ebd l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">M\u1ed9t v\u00e0i kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n, th\u1eed th\u00e1ch c\u1ee7a ngh\u1ec1 System Admin c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 k\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u01b0:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><strong>C\u00e1c m\u1ed1i \u0111e d\u1ecda an ninh:<\/strong> M\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a System Admin l\u00e0 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 m\u1ea1ng v\u00e0 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng kh\u1ecfi c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng m\u1ea1ng b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch li\u00ean t\u1ee5c gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t, c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt, v\u00e0 gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p ph\u00f2ng ng\u1eeba. H\u1ecd c\u0169ng ph\u1ea3i s\u1eb5n s\u00e0ng \u1ee9ng ph\u00f3 nhanh ch\u00f3ng v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 v\u1edbi c\u00e1c s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1 b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><strong>H\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng:<\/strong> M\u1ed9t kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n kh\u00e1c c\u1ee7a System Admin l\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng, x\u1eed l\u00fd c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u v\u00e0 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 \u0111a d\u1ea1ng t\u1eeb ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng v\u1edbi c\u00e1c m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c v\u00e0 mong \u0111\u1ee3i kh\u00e1c nhau. B\u1ea1n c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i kh\u1eafc ph\u1ee5c v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee9ng, ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m, m\u1ea1ng v\u00e0 c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi giao ti\u1ebfp r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng, l\u1ecbch s\u1ef1 v\u00e0 c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 v\u1edbi c\u00e1c \u01b0u ti\u00ean kh\u00e1c.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><strong>Hi\u1ec7u n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng:<\/strong> M\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c kh\u00e1c m\u00e0 b\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ed1i m\u1eb7t nh\u01b0 System Admin l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t t\u1ed1i \u01b0u c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng. B\u1ea1n ph\u1ea3i gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t, ph\u00e2n t\u00edch v\u00e0 kh\u1eafc ph\u1ee5c c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn kh\u1ea3 d\u1ee5ng, \u0111\u00e1ng tin c\u1eady v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi tri\u1ec3n khai c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec v\u00e0 n\u00e2ng c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1eef cho h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ch\u1ea1y m\u01b0\u1ee3t m\u00e0.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><strong>T\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng ho\u00e1 v\u00e0 scripting:<\/strong> M\u1ed9t th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c kh\u00e1c c\u1ee7a System Admin l\u00e0 bi\u1ebft s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u00f3a \u0111\u1ec3 vi\u1ebft t\u1eadp l\u1ec7nh \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u00f3a c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c. B\u1ea1n ph\u1ea3i \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 v\u00e0 ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef nh\u01b0 PowerShell, Bash, Python,&#8230; \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u00f3a c\u00e1c nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 l\u1eb7p \u0111i l\u1eb7p l\u1ea1i v\u00e0 ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 c\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt v\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><strong>Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c nh\u00f3m:<\/strong> M\u1ed9t th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c kh\u00e1c c\u1ee7a System Admin l\u00e0 ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p v\u00e0 h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 v\u1edbi c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed3ng nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 c\u00e1c b\u00ean li\u00ean quan kh\u00e1c \u0111\u1ec3 ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh c\u00e1c d\u1ef1 \u00e1n. B\u1ea1n c\u1ea7n chia s\u1ebb ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c, k\u1ef9 n\u0103ng v\u00e0 t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean, l\u1eafng nghe ph\u1ea3n h\u1ed3i v\u00e0 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd k\u1ef3 v\u1ecdng, tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m v\u00e0 th\u1eddi h\u1ea1n.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><strong>Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n s\u1ef1 nghi\u1ec7p:<\/strong> Th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a System Admin l\u00e0 ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 trong s\u1ef1 nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 duy tr\u00ec t\u00ednh ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p trong ng\u00e0nh. B\u1ea1n c\u1ea7n li\u00ean t\u1ee5c h\u1ecdc h\u1ecfi v\u00e0 c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt k\u1ef9 n\u0103ng, c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 m\u1edbi, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm c\u00e1c c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i v\u00e0 th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n s\u1ef1 nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 thu nh\u1eadp. B\u1ea1n c\u0169ng c\u1ea7n c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng gi\u1eefa c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c v\u00e0 cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n \u0111\u1ec3 duy tr\u00ec s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe v\u00e0 h\u1ea1nh ph\u00fac.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Muc_luong_vi_tri_System_Admin\"><\/span><b> M\u1ee9c l\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1ecb tr\u00ed System Admin<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">D\u1ef1a theo <\/span><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/itviec.com\/blog\/bao-cao-luong-it\/\">B\u00e1o c\u00e1o l\u01b0\u01a1ng IT 2023 &#8211; 2024<\/a><\/strong><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ra m\u1eaft b\u1edfi ITviec, m\u1ee9c l\u01b0\u01a1ng cho v\u1ecb tr\u00ed System Admin s\u1ebd giao \u0111\u1ed9ng d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean nhi\u1ec1u y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1, t\u1eeb s\u1ed1 n\u0103m kinh nghi\u1ec7m trong ng\u00e0nh cho \u0111\u1ebfn kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf, c\u00e1c ch\u1ee9ng ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 li\u00ean quan,&#8230;<\/span><\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>V\u1ecb tr\u00ed &amp; s\u1ed1 n\u0103m kinh nghi\u1ec7m<\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong>1-2 n\u0103m<\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong>3-4 n\u0103m<\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong>5-8 n\u0103m<\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong>Tr\u00ean 8 n\u0103m<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>System Admin<\/strong><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">17,000,000 VND<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">18,000,000 VND<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">26,000,000 VND<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">30,000,000 VND<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Cac_cong_cu_System_Admin_can_quan_tam\"><\/span><b>C\u00e1c c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 System Admin c\u1ea7n quan t\u00e2m<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u0110\u1ec3 c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch thu\u1eadn ti\u1ec7n v\u00e0 nhanh ch\u00f3ng h\u01a1n, System Admin n\u00ean n\u1eafm v\u1eefng m\u1ed9t v\u00e0i c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 nh\u01b0:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">V\u1ec1 gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t v\u00e0 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd m\u1ea1ng, c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn nh\u01b0: <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nagios.org\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Nagios<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.zabbix.com\/index\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Zabbix<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> hay <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.solarwinds.com\/network-performance-monitor\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">SolarWinds Network Performance Monitor<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">V\u1ec1 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 v\u00e0 t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng ho\u00e1, ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 nh\u1eafc \u0111\u1ebfn: <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.puppet.com\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Puppet<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ansible.com\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Ansible<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> hay <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.chef.io\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Chef<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">N\u00f3i v\u1ec1 b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt v\u00e0 tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7, c\u00e1c System Admin c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00e2n nh\u1eafc s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng: <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.qualys.com\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Qualys<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.tenable.com\/products\/nessus\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Tenable Nessus<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> hay <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/success.alienvault.com\/s\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">AlienVault USM<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Khi nh\u1eafc \u0111\u1ebfn sao l\u01b0u v\u00e0 kh\u1eafc ph\u1ee5c s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1, c\u00f3 c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 nh\u01b0: <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.veeam.com\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Veeam<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.acronis.com\/en-us\/products\/true-image\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Acronis True Image<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> hay Veritas <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.veritas.com\/protection\/backup-exec\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Backup Exec<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">V\u1ec1 c\u00e1ch ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p v\u00e0 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u, m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eafc \u0111\u1ebfn l\u00e0: <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.atlassian.com\/software\/confluence\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Confluence<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/slack.com\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Slack<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> hay <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/git-scm.com\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Git<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Cac_cau_hoi_thuong_gap_ve_nhiem_vu_va_cong_viec_cua_System_Admin\"><\/span><b>C\u00e1c c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1eb7p v\u1ec1 nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c c\u1ee7a System Admin<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<h3><b> System Admin l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/b><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">System Admin l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ecbu tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd v\u00e0 duy tr\u00ec h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng m\u00e1y t\u00ednh, bao g\u1ed3m ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee9ng, ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m, m\u1ea1ng l\u01b0\u1edbi v\u00e0 c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n kh\u00e1c, \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng. C\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd bao g\u1ed3m gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t, b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt, sao l\u01b0u d\u1eef li\u1ec7u, h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng, v\u00e0 tri\u1ec3n khai c\u00e1c c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt v\u00e0 n\u00e2ng c\u1ea5p.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><b>C\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c h\u1eb1ng ng\u00e0y c\u1ee7a System Admin l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/b><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">C\u00e1c c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0y c\u1ee7a System Admin bao g\u1ed3m gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t v\u00e0 duy tr\u00ec h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng m\u00e1y t\u00ednh, x\u1eed l\u00fd c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 t\u1eeb ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng, tri\u1ec3n khai c\u00e1c c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng, sao l\u01b0u v\u00e0 kh\u00f4i ph\u1ee5c d\u1eef li\u1ec7u, c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt v\u00e0 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng trong vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng v\u00e0 thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb. H\u1ecd c\u0169ng th\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u1ea3i t\u1ea1o v\u00e0 duy tr\u00ec t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c quy tr\u00ecnh v\u00e0 ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch an ninh m\u1ea1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><b>C\u00e1c k\u1ef9 n\u0103ng c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh System Admin l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/b><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u0110\u1ec3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh System Admin, b\u1ea1n c\u1ea7n c\u00f3 ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c v\u1eefng v\u1ec1 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng m\u00e1y t\u00ednh, m\u1ea1ng l\u01b0\u1edbi, v\u00e0 c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 th\u00f4ng tin. Ngo\u00e0i ra, k\u1ef9 n\u0103ng qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd d\u1eef li\u1ec7u, gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1, h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng, v\u00e0 k\u1ef9 n\u0103ng giao ti\u1ebfp hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 c\u0169ng l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ec3 th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng trong vai tr\u00f2 n\u00e0y.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><b>Nh\u1eefng kh\u00f3a h\u1ecdc tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh System Admin<\/b><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Ngo\u00e0i c\u00e1c kh\u00f3a h\u1ecdc n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh System Admin nh\u01b0 Red Hat Certified System Administrator (RHCSA), CompTIA Server+, CompTIA Security+, Cisco Certified Network Associate ho\u1eb7c ServiceNow Certified System Administrator, b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tham kh\u1ea3o chi ti\u1ebft c\u00e1c <a href=\"https:\/\/itviec.com\/blog\/khoa-hoc-system-admin\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>kh\u00f3a h\u1ecdc cho t\u1eebng v\u1ecb tr\u00ed sau khi tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh System Admin<\/strong><\/a><\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Tong_ket\"><\/span><b>T\u1ed5ng k\u1ebft<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">V\u1eeba r\u1ed3i, ITviec \u0111\u00e3 \u0111i qua to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 nh\u1eefng th\u00f4ng tin b\u1ea1n c\u1ea7n bi\u1ebft v\u1ec1 ngh\u1ec1 System Admin. Hy v\u1ecdng nh\u1eefng th\u00f4ng tin tr\u00ean s\u1ebd h\u1eefu \u00edch v\u1edbi b\u1ea1n v\u00e0 ph\u1ea7n n\u00e0o gi\u00fap b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 c\u00e1i nh\u00ecn t\u1ed5ng quan v\u1ec1 ng\u00e0nh n\u00e0y. \u0110\u1ec3 t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c System Admin, h\u00e3y truy c\u1eadp ngay v\u00e0o website c\u1ee7a <\/span><a href=\"http:\/\/itviec.com\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">ITviec<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u0110i c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n nhanh ch\u00f3ng v\u00e0 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i s\u1ed1 doanh nghi\u1ec7p t\u1eeb ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7, c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u cho nh\u00f3m ng\u00e0nh IT n\u00f3i chung v\u00e0 v\u1ecb tr\u00ed System Admin n\u00f3i ri\u00eang \u0111\u00e3 gia t\u0103ng \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 trong v\u00e0i n\u0103m tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i \u0111\u00e2y. H\u00e3y c\u00f9ng ITviec t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u xem nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 v\u00e0 [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":214,"featured_media":69794,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_gspb_post_css":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[94],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-69649","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-su-nghiep-it"],"blocksy_meta":[],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v26.8 (Yoast SEO v27.8) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-premium-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>System Admin l\u00e0 g\u00ec? Nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c c\u1ee7a System Admin - ITviec Blog<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"B\u00e0i vi\u1ebft t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p System Admin l\u00e0 g\u00ec, nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c c\u1ee7a System Admin, c\u00e1c k\u1ef9 n\u0103ng v\u00e0 ch\u1ee9ng ch\u1ec9 c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft cho v\u1ecb tr\u00ed IT n\u00e0y.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/itviec.com\/blog\/system-admin\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"vi_VN\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"System Admin l\u00e0 g\u00ec? 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