{"id":68465,"date":"2024-05-15T08:48:36","date_gmt":"2024-05-15T01:48:36","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/itviec.com\/blog\/?p=68465"},"modified":"2024-05-15T08:48:36","modified_gmt":"2024-05-15T01:48:36","slug":"css-selector","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/itviec.com\/blog\/css-selector\/","title":{"rendered":"CSS selector l\u00e0 g\u00ec? Top 10 CSS selector ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn nh\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n nay"},"content":{"rendered":"<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_85 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-grey ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<div class=\"ez-toc-title-container\">\n<p class=\"ez-toc-title\" style=\"cursor:inherit\">N\u1ed9i dung b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft<\/p>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-title-toggle\"><a href=\"#\" class=\"ez-toc-pull-right ez-toc-btn ez-toc-btn-xs ez-toc-btn-default ez-toc-toggle\" aria-label=\"Toggle Table of Content\"><span class=\"ez-toc-js-icon-con\"><span class=\"\"><span class=\"eztoc-hide\" style=\"display:none;\">Toggle<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-icon-toggle-span\"><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" class=\"list-377408\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path d=\"M6 6H4v2h2V6zm14 0H8v2h12V6zM4 11h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2zM4 16h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" class=\"arrow-unsorted-368013\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"10px\" height=\"10px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" version=\"1.2\" baseProfile=\"tiny\"><path d=\"M18.2 9.3l-6.2-6.3-6.2 6.3c-.2.2-.3.4-.3.7s.1.5.3.7c.2.2.4.3.7.3h11c.3 0 .5-.1.7-.3.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7zM5.8 14.7l6.2 6.3 6.2-6.3c.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7c-.2-.2-.4-.3-.7-.3h-11c-.3 0-.5.1-.7.3-.2.2-.3.5-.3.7s.1.5.3.7z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/span><\/div>\n<nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 ' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/itviec.com\/blog\/css-selector\/#CSS_selector_la_gi_Su_dung_selector_trong_CSS_nhu_the_nao\" >CSS selector l\u00e0 g\u00ec? S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng selector trong CSS nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/itviec.com\/blog\/css-selector\/#Vai_tro_cua_CSS_selector_trong_viec_tao_kieu_trang_web\" >Vai tr\u00f2 c\u1ee7a CSS selector trong vi\u1ec7c t\u1ea1o ki\u1ec3u trang web<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/itviec.com\/blog\/css-selector\/#Cac_loai_CSS_selector\" >C\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i CSS selector<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/itviec.com\/blog\/css-selector\/#Selector_list_la_gi\" >Selector list l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/itviec.com\/blog\/css-selector\/#4_cau_truc_CSS_selector_thuong_gap\" >4 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac CSS selector th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1eb7p<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-6\" href=\"https:\/\/itviec.com\/blog\/css-selector\/#Cac_cau_hoi_ve_CSS_selector_thuong_gap\" >C\u00e1c c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi v\u1ec1 CSS selector th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1eb7p<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-7\" href=\"https:\/\/itviec.com\/blog\/css-selector\/#Tong_ket_ve_CSS_selector\" >T\u1ed5ng k\u1ebft v\u1ec1 CSS selector<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<p><em><b>CSS selector l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n ch\u00ednh y\u1ebfu trong vi\u1ec7c t\u1ea1o phong c\u00e1ch cho trang web. CSS selector ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng tr\u00ean c\u00e1c ph\u1ea7n t\u1eed HTML, cho ph\u00e9p b\u1ea1n t\u1ea1o ki\u1ec3u d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean ID, class, type, thu\u1ed9c t\u00ednh,&#8230; Trong b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft n\u00e0y, ITviec s\u1ebd cung c\u1ea5p cho b\u1ea1n nh\u1eefng th\u00f4ng tin v\u1ec1 10 CSS selector ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn nh\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n nay.<\/b><\/em><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u0110\u1ecdc b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 h\u01a1n:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">C\u00e1ch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng selector trong CSS<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Vai tr\u00f2 c\u1ee7a CSS selector trong trang web<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">10 lo\u1ea1i CSS selector ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn hi\u1ec7n nay<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Selector list l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Gi\u1ea3i \u0111\u00e1p th\u1eafc m\u1eafc v\u1ec1 CSS selector<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"CSS_selector_la_gi_Su_dung_selector_trong_CSS_nhu_the_nao\"><\/span><b>CSS selector l\u00e0 g\u00ec? S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng selector trong CSS nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o?<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">CSS selector (hay b\u1ed9 ch\u1ecdn CSS) l\u00e0 th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean c\u1ee7a quy t\u1eafc CSS, x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1c ph\u1ea7n t\u1eed HTML c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 tr\u00ean trang v\u00e0 \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c thu\u1ed9c t\u00ednh CSS l\u00ean ch\u00fang, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t c\u00e1ch m\u00e0 ph\u1ea7n t\u1eed HTML hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb v\u00e0 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<blockquote><p>H\u00e3y xem v\u00ed d\u1ee5 d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y: Selector n\u1eb1m \u1edf \u0111\u1ea7u c\u00fa ph\u00e1p, ti\u1ebfp theo l\u00e0 ph\u1ea7n khai b\u00e1o (declaration) bao g\u1ed3m thu\u1ed9c t\u00ednh (property) v\u00e0 value (gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb).<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-68469 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/itviec.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/css-selector-vippro.webp\" alt=\"css selector\" width=\"1600\" height=\"900\" srcset=\"https:\/\/itviec.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/css-selector-vippro.webp 1600w, https:\/\/itviec.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/css-selector-vippro-300x169.webp 300w, https:\/\/itviec.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/css-selector-vippro-640x360.webp 640w, https:\/\/itviec.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/css-selector-vippro-200x113.webp 200w, https:\/\/itviec.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/css-selector-vippro-768x432.webp 768w, https:\/\/itviec.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/css-selector-vippro-1536x864.webp 1536w, https:\/\/itviec.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/css-selector-vippro-100x56.webp 100w, https:\/\/itviec.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/css-selector-vippro-700x394.webp 700w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1600px) 100vw, 1600px\" \/><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">C\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u lo\u1ea1i CSS selector, m\u1ed7i lo\u1ea1i s\u1ebd c\u00f3 ph\u1ea1m vi \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng t\u00ednh n\u0103ng kh\u00e1c nhau. CSS selector c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong CSS n\u1ed9i b\u1ed9 (internal CSS) v\u00e0 CSS b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i (external CSS).\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi CSS n\u1ed9i b\u1ed9, selector th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7t trong th\u1ebb &lt;style&gt; ngay tr\u00ean file HTML.\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi CSS b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i, selector th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7t trong m\u1ed9t file CSS ri\u00eang bi\u1ec7t (.css)<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn c\u00e1c l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh vi\u00ean \u0111\u1ec1u chu\u1ed9ng c\u00e1ch s\u1ed1 2 h\u01a1n khi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng CSS selector. B\u1edfi l\u1ebd, vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e2n t\u00e1ch m\u00e3 HTML v\u00e0 CSS gi\u00fap c\u00e1c h\u00e0m tr\u1edf n\u00ean r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng h\u01a1n, d\u1ec5 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd v\u00e0 d\u1ec5 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng h\u01a1n.<\/span><\/p>\n<blockquote><p>Tham kh\u1ea3o c\u00e1c b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft c\u00f9ng thu\u1ed9c ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 HTML &#8211; CSS:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/itviec.com\/blog\/html-css\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>HTML CSS l\u00e0 g\u00ec? 3 c\u00e1ch link CSS v\u00e0o HTML khi l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh website<\/strong><\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/itviec.com\/blog\/css-la-gi\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>CSS l\u00e0 g\u00ec? H\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 CSS \u0111\u1ec3 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf web<\/strong><\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/itviec.com\/blog\/lo-trinh-hoc-html-css-cho-nguoi-moi-bat-dau\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>H\u1ecdc HTML v\u00e0 CSS: L\u1ed9 tr\u00ecnh 18 b\u01b0\u1edbc chi ti\u1ebft cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1edbi b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u<\/strong><\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/blockquote>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Vai_tro_cua_CSS_selector_trong_viec_tao_kieu_trang_web\"><\/span><b>Vai tr\u00f2 c\u1ee7a CSS selector trong vi\u1ec7c t\u1ea1o ki\u1ec3u trang web<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">CSS selector cho ph\u00e9p b\u1ea1n ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ecbnh ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c c\u00e1c ph\u1ea7n t\u1eed HTML \u0111\u1ec3 \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c quy t\u1eafc CSS, nh\u1edd v\u1eady gi\u00fap c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ph\u1ea3n h\u1ed3i, t\u00ednh t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 h\u1ea5p d\u1eabn tr\u1ef1c quan c\u1ee7a trang web. <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Vi\u1ec7c n\u1eafm v\u1eefng ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c v\u00e0 \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c CSS selector gi\u00fap:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li aria-level=\"1\"><b>Duy tr\u00ec t\u00ednh nh\u1ea5t qu\u00e1n trong thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf v\u00e0 b\u1ed1 c\u1ee5c<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">CSS selector gi\u00fap d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c ki\u1ec3u CSS gi\u1ed1ng nhau cho nhi\u1ec1u ph\u1ea7n t\u1eed m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi. Thay v\u00ec ph\u1ea3i vi\u1ebft code CSS l\u1eb7p \u0111i l\u1eb7p l\u1ea1i cho t\u1eebng ph\u1ea7n t\u1eed, b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng CSS selector \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a m\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n v\u00e0 \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng cho t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c ph\u1ea7n t\u1eed c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y gi\u00fap ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m th\u1eddi gian, gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u l\u1ed7i v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf giao di\u1ec7n web \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ed3ng nh\u1ea5t.<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li aria-level=\"1\"><b>T\u1ea1o ki\u1ec3u hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 cho c\u00e1c trang web<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">C\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i CSS selector kh\u00e1c nhau cho ph\u00e9p b\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ecbnh d\u1ea1ng CSS ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c ph\u1ea7n t\u1eed kh\u00e1c nhau tr\u00ean trang web. Nh\u1edd v\u1eady, b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ecbnh d\u1ea1ng t\u1eebng ph\u1ea7n t\u1eed m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch chi ti\u1ebft, nhanh ch\u00f3ng v\u00e0 d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n giao di\u1ec7n v\u00e0 b\u1ed1 c\u1ee5c c\u1ee7a trang web.<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li aria-level=\"1\"><b>T\u1ea1o c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">V\u1edbi s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb di \u0111\u1ed9ng, vi\u1ec7c t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a trang web cho nhi\u1ec1u k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc m\u00e0n h\u00ecnh l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft. CSS selector cung c\u1ea5p c\u00e1c t\u00ednh n\u0103ng nh\u01b0 media queries, gi\u00fap b\u1ea1n \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh giao di\u1ec7n trang web ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi t\u1eebng thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb kh\u00e1c nhau, \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o tr\u1ea3i nghi\u1ec7m ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t tr\u00ean m\u1ecdi n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng.<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li aria-level=\"1\"><b>L\u00e0m cho c\u00e1c trang web d\u1ec5 truy c\u1eadp h\u01a1n<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c selector h\u1ee3p l\u00fd, b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra trang web m\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng truy c\u1eadp v\u00e0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng, bao g\u1ed3m c\u1ea3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng khi\u1ebfm khuy\u1ebft.<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li aria-level=\"1\"><b>T\u0103ng t\u00ednh linh ho\u1ea1t v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u00e1i s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">CSS selector gi\u00fap b\u1ea1n d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd \u0111\u1ecbnh d\u1ea1ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ph\u1ea7n t\u1eed. Thay v\u00ec ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ecbnh d\u1ea1ng CSS cho t\u1eebng ph\u1ea7n t\u1eed, b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng CSS selector \u0111\u1ec3 \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng CSS cho nhi\u1ec1u ph\u1ea7n t\u1eed, gi\u00fap ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m th\u1eddi gian, gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u r\u1ee7i ro l\u1ed7i. Vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng CSS selector hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 gi\u00fap code CSS tr\u1edf n\u00ean linh ho\u1ea1t, d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh v\u00e0 t\u00e1i s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng cho c\u00e1c d\u1ef1 \u00e1n kh\u00e1c nhau.<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li aria-level=\"1\"><b>Gi\u1ea3m s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng code<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00c1p d\u1ee5ng CSS selector \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi cho nhi\u1ec1u ph\u1ea7n t\u1eed c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3m b\u1edbt s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng code CSS khi kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ecbnh d\u1ea1ng cho t\u1eebng ph\u1ea7n t\u1eed. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y gi\u00fap code CSS tr\u1edf n\u00ean ng\u1eafn g\u1ecdn, d\u1ec5 \u0111\u1ecdc v\u00e0 d\u1ec5 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd h\u01a1n. Gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u code CSS c\u0169ng g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n t\u0103ng t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 t\u1ea3i trang web v\u00e0 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Cac_loai_CSS_selector\"><\/span><b>C\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i CSS selector<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<h3><b>Class selector <\/b><b>(B\u1ed9 ch\u1ecdn theo l\u1edbp)<\/b><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Trong CSS, selector theo l\u1edbp (class selector) ch\u1ecdn t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n (element) c\u00f3 c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t t\u00ean l\u1edbp (class name) nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh. V\u00ed d\u1ee5, &#8220;.intro&#8221; s\u1ebd ch\u1ecdn b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n n\u00e0o c\u00f3 class l\u00e0 &#8220;intro&#8221;, t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 &#8220;.index&#8221; s\u1ebd ch\u1ecdn b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n n\u00e0o c\u00f3 class l\u00e0 &#8220;index&#8221;.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng selector \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn nh\u1ea5t, n\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n \u0111ang s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng Bootstrap CSS, m\u1ed9t framework CSS m\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n m\u1edf ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn, th\u00ec b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd th\u1ea5y h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c ki\u1ec3u (style) c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec1u s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c l\u1edbp l\u00e0m selector.<\/span><\/p>\n<blockquote><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">B\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y danh s\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 c\u00e1c l\u1edbp Bootstrap tr\u00ean trang web <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/getbootstrap.com\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">https:\/\/getbootstrap.com\/<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.<\/span><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p><b>C\u00fa ph\u00e1p c\u1ee7a class selector:<\/b><\/p>\n<pre>.classname { style: properties; }<\/pre>\n<p>V\u00ed d\u1ee5:<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Class seclector ch\u1ecdn c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n c\u00f3 classname l\u00e0 &#8220;pastoral&#8221; v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed5i th\u00e0nh m\u00e0u xanh:<\/span><\/p>\n<p><strong>HTML<\/strong><\/p>\n<pre><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">&lt;h1&gt;Not blue&lt;\/h1&gt;<\/span>\r\n\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">&lt;h1 class=\"pastoral\"&gt;Blue&lt;\/h1&gt;<\/span><\/pre>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><strong>CSS<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<pre><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.pastoral {<\/span>\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> \u00a0color: blue;<\/span>\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">}<\/span><\/pre>\n<p><strong>\u1ea2nh k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-68472 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/itviec.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/css-selectors-vd-1-vippro.webp\" alt=\"css selector\" width=\"225\" height=\"200\" srcset=\"https:\/\/itviec.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/css-selectors-vd-1-vippro.webp 225w, https:\/\/itviec.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/css-selectors-vd-1-vippro-200x178.webp 200w, https:\/\/itviec.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/css-selectors-vd-1-vippro-100x89.webp 100w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 225px) 100vw, 225px\" \/><\/p>\n<p><b>L\u01b0u \u00fd: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u0110\u1ec3 class selector class ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c, t\u00ean class trong HTML ph\u1ea3i gi\u1ed1ng ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n v\u1edbi t\u00ean class \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong CSS selector. N\u00f3i c\u00e1ch kh\u00e1c, t\u00ean class ph\u1ea3i vi\u1ebft hoa, vi\u1ebft th\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 d\u1ea5u c\u00e1ch (n\u1ebfu c\u00f3) ph\u1ea3i kh\u1edbp nhau.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><b>ID selector <\/b><b>(B\u1ed9 ch\u1ecdn theo ID)<\/b><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Trong CSS, ID selector d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ecdn m\u1ed9t th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n (element) d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean thu\u1ed9c t\u00ednh ID c\u1ee7a n\u00f3. V\u00ed d\u1ee5, <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">#toc<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> s\u1ebd ch\u1ecdn th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n n\u00e0o c\u00f3 ID l\u00e0 &#8220;toc&#8221;. L\u01b0u \u00fd r\u1eb1ng selector n\u00e0y ch\u1ec9 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng khi gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cung c\u1ea5p trong selector kh\u1edbp v\u1edbi thu\u1ed9c t\u00ednh ID c\u1ee7a th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Tuy nhi\u00ean, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta th\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf vi\u1ec7c c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n 1 ph\u1ea7n t\u1eed HTML c\u00f3 c\u00f9ng ID (v\u00ec s\u1ebd d\u1ec5 g\u00e2y ra c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 v\u1ec1 xung \u0111\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n t\u1eed, JavaScript). Do \u0111\u00f3, ID selector c\u00f3 ph\u1ea7n k\u00e9m linh ho\u1ea1t h\u01a1n class selector.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b>C\u00fa ph\u00e1p c\u1ee7a ID selector:<\/b><\/p>\n<pre>\u00a0#idname { style: properties; }<\/pre>\n<p>V\u00ed d\u1ee5:<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">ID seclector ch\u1ecdn c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n c\u00f3 t\u00ean ID l\u00e0 &#8220;itviec&#8221;, \u0111\u1ed5i m\u00e0u th\u00e0nh m\u00e0u cam v\u00e0 c\u0103n ph\u1ea3i:<\/span><\/p>\n<p><strong>HTML<\/strong><\/p>\n<pre><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">&lt;h1 id=\"itviec\"&gt; #id selector&lt;\/h1&gt;<\/span><\/pre>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><strong>CSS<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<pre><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">#itviec {<\/span>\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> \u00a0color: orange;<\/span>\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> \u00a0text-align: right;<\/span>\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">}<\/span><\/pre>\n<p><strong>\u1ea2nh k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-68476 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/itviec.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/css-selector-id-vippro.webp\" alt=\"css selector\" width=\"670\" height=\"118\" srcset=\"https:\/\/itviec.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/css-selector-id-vippro.webp 670w, https:\/\/itviec.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/css-selector-id-vippro-300x53.webp 300w, https:\/\/itviec.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/css-selector-id-vippro-640x113.webp 640w, https:\/\/itviec.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/css-selector-id-vippro-200x35.webp 200w, https:\/\/itviec.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/css-selector-id-vippro-100x18.webp 100w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 670px) 100vw, 670px\" \/><\/p>\n<p><b>L\u01b0u \u00fd: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">N\u1ebfu thu\u1ed9c t\u00ednh ID c\u1ee7a ph\u1ea7n t\u1eed \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c vi\u1ebft ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n b\u1eb1ng ch\u1eef th\u01b0\u1eddng th\u00ec b\u1ea1n c\u1ea7n vi\u1ebft \u0111\u00fang nh\u01b0 v\u1eady. N\u1ebfu vi\u1ebft hoa ch\u1eef \u201cH\u201d trong CSS selector th\u00ec ph\u1ea7n t\u1eed \u0111\u00f3 s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ecdn.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><b>Type selector <\/b><b>(B\u1ed9 ch\u1ecdn theo lo\u1ea1i)<\/b><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Type selector cho ph\u00e9p \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng ki\u1ec3u d\u00e1ng \u0111\u1ed3ng nh\u1ea5t cho c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n HTML tr\u00ean trang web. B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch \u0111\u00f3, website s\u1ebd c\u00f3 giao di\u1ec7n th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t cho c\u00e1c ti\u00eau \u0111\u1ec1, \u0111o\u1ea1n v\u0103n v\u00e0 m\u1ee5c danh s\u00e1ch, t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 gi\u00fap giao di\u1ec7n web trong \u0111\u1ed3ng nh\u1ea5t v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eb9p m\u1eaft h\u01a1n.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Type selector l\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ecbnh lo\u1ea1i ph\u1ea7n t\u1eed HTML c\u1ea7n \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng CSS m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n th\u00eam class hay id (v\u00ed d\u1ee5: p, div, button,&#8230;). N\u00f3 gi\u00fap qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng CSS cho c\u00e1c ph\u1ea7n t\u1eed tr\u1edf n\u00ean thu\u1eadn ti\u1ec7n v\u00e0 nhanh ch\u00f3ng. Tuy nhi\u00ean, vi\u1ec7c l\u1ea1m d\u1ee5ng type selector s\u1ebd g\u00e2y ra c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 xung \u0111\u1ed9t CSS gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c file kh\u00e1c nhau ho\u1eb7c nh\u1ea7m l\u1eabn vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ecbnh d\u1ea1ng cho c\u00e1c ph\u1ea7n t\u1eed kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b>C\u00fa ph\u00e1p c\u1ee7a Type selector:<\/b><\/p>\n<pre>element { style: properties; }<\/pre>\n<p>V\u00ed d\u1ee5 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng Type selector:<\/p>\n<p><strong>HTML<\/strong><\/p>\n<pre><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">&lt;span&gt;One span. &lt;\/span&gt;<\/span>\r\n\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">&lt;p&gt;No span. &lt;\/p&gt;<\/span>\r\n\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">&lt;span&gt;Two span.&lt;\/span&gt;<\/span>\r\n\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">&lt;p&gt;No span. &lt;\/p&gt;<\/span><\/pre>\n<p><strong>CSS<\/strong><\/p>\n<pre><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">span {<\/span>\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> \u00a0background-color: red;<\/span>\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">}<\/span><\/pre>\n<p><strong>\u1ea2nh k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-68478 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/itviec.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/css-selector-type-vippro.png\" alt=\"css selector\" width=\"1522\" height=\"1096\" srcset=\"https:\/\/itviec.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/css-selector-type-vippro.png 1522w, https:\/\/itviec.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/css-selector-type-vippro-300x216.png 300w, https:\/\/itviec.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/css-selector-type-vippro-768x553.png 640w, https:\/\/itviec.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/css-selector-type-vippro-200x144.png 200w, https:\/\/itviec.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/css-selector-type-vippro-100x72.png 100w, https:\/\/itviec.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/css-selector-type-vippro-625x450.png 625w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1522px) 100vw, 1522px\" \/><\/p>\n<h3><b>Attribute selector (B\u1ed9 ch\u1ecdn theo thu\u1ed9c t\u00ednh)<\/b><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Trong CSS, Attribute selector cho ph\u00e9p ch\u1ecdn c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n (element) d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t thu\u1ed9c t\u00ednh nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh ho\u1eb7c thu\u1ed9c t\u00ednh \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">V\u00ed d\u1ee5:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">a[href]: ch\u1ecdn t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c li\u00ean k\u1ebft (b\u1edfi v\u00ec t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 li\u00ean k\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 thu\u1ed9c t\u00ednh href).<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">a[href*=&#8221;itviec&#8221;]: ch\u1ec9 ch\u1ecdn c\u00e1c li\u00ean k\u1ebft c\u00f3 &#8220;itviec&#8221; trong URL c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang (s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng to\u00e1n t\u1eed * \u0111\u1ec3 ki\u1ec3m tra s\u1ef1 xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a chu\u1ed7i con).<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Selector theo thu\u1ed9c t\u00ednh c\u00f2n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c quy t\u1eafc CSS cho c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t thu\u1ed9c t\u00ednh. V\u00ed d\u1ee5, \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ecbnh ki\u1ec3u cho b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 li\u00ean k\u1ebft n\u00e0o c\u00f3 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c chu\u1ed7i &#8220;itviec&#8221; trong URL, b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng a[href=&#8221;itviec&#8221;].<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Ngo\u00e0i ra, b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng m\u1ed9t namespace \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n selector thu\u1ed9c t\u00ednh cho c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n ch\u1ec9 n\u1eb1m trong kh\u00f4ng gian t\u00ean \u0111\u00f3.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b>C\u00fa ph\u00e1p chung c\u1ee7a Attribute selector:<\/b><\/p>\n<pre>[attr] { style: properties; }<\/pre>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">C\u00e1c ki\u1ec3u ch\u1ecdn thu\u1ed9c t\u00ednh c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3:<\/span><\/p>\n<pre><b>[attr=value] { style: properties; }<\/b><\/pre>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Ch\u1ecdn c\u00e1c ph\u1ea7n t\u1eed c\u00f3 thu\u1ed9c t\u00ednh attr c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c b\u1eb1ng value. V\u00ed d\u1ee5: [href=&#8221;#top&#8221;] { color: red; } s\u1ebd ch\u1ecdn t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c li\u00ean k\u1ebft (&lt;a&gt;) c\u00f3 thu\u1ed9c t\u00ednh href c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c l\u00e0 &#8220;#top&#8221;.<\/span><\/p>\n<pre><b>[attr~=value] { style: properties; }<\/b><\/pre>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Ch\u1ecdn c\u00e1c ph\u1ea7n t\u1eed c\u00f3 thu\u1ed9c t\u00ednh attr c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb ch\u1ee9a value, c\u00e1ch nhau b\u1edfi m\u1ed9t kho\u1ea3ng tr\u1eafng (space). V\u00ed d\u1ee5: [class~=&#8221;important&#8221;] { font-weight: bold; } s\u1ebd ch\u1ecdn t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c ph\u1ea7n t\u1eed c\u00f3 class ch\u1ee9a &#8220;important&#8221; nh\u01b0 &#8220;important&#8221; ho\u1eb7c &#8220;warning important&#8221;.<\/span><\/p>\n<pre><b>[attr|=value] { style: properties; }<\/b><\/pre>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Ch\u1ecdn c\u00e1c ph\u1ea7n t\u1eed m\u00e0 thu\u1ed9c t\u00ednh attr c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c l\u00e0 value (kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 k\u00fd t\u1ef1 n\u00e0o theo sau) ho\u1eb7c b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u b\u1eb1ng value ti\u1ebfp theo l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t d\u1ea5u g\u1ea1ch ngang. V\u00ed d\u1ee5: [lang|=\u201cen\u201d] ch\u1ecdn ph\u1ea7n t\u1eed c\u00f3 lang=&#8221;en&#8221; ho\u1eb7c lang=&#8221;en-US&#8221;, nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i lang=\u201cenUS\u201d.<\/span><\/p>\n<pre><b>[attr^=value] { style: properties; }<\/b><\/pre>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Ch\u1ecdn c\u00e1c ph\u1ea7n t\u1eed m\u00e0 thu\u1ed9c t\u00ednh attr b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u b\u1eb1ng value v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 theo sau b\u1edfi b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 k\u00fd t\u1ef1 n\u00e0o (k\u1ec3 c\u1ea3 kho\u1ea3ng tr\u1eafng). V\u00ed d\u1ee5: [id^=&#8221;section-&#8220;] { border: 1px solid #ccc; } s\u1ebd ch\u1ecdn t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c ph\u1ea7n t\u1eed c\u00f3 ID b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u b\u1eb1ng &#8220;section-&#8221; nh\u01b0 &#8220;section-1&#8221; ho\u1eb7c &#8220;section-about&#8221;.<\/span><\/p>\n<pre><b>[attr$=value] { style: properties; }<\/b><\/pre>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Ch\u1ecdn c\u00e1c ph\u1ea7n t\u1eed c\u00f3 thu\u1ed9c t\u00ednh attr k\u1ebft th\u00fac b\u1eb1ng value (kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 k\u00fd t\u1ef1 n\u00e0o tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00f3). V\u00ed d\u1ee5: [href$=&#8221;.jpg&#8221;] { width: 100%; } s\u1ebd ch\u1ecdn t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c li\u00ean k\u1ebft c\u00f3 thu\u1ed9c t\u00ednh href k\u1ebft th\u00fac b\u1eb1ng &#8220;.jpg&#8221;.<\/span><\/p>\n<pre><b>[attr*=value] { style: properties; }<\/b><\/pre>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Ch\u1ecdn c\u00e1c ph\u1ea7n t\u1eed c\u00f3 thu\u1ed9c t\u00ednh attr c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb ch\u1ee9a value (kh\u00f4ng ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t kho\u1ea3ng tr\u1eafng). V\u00ed d\u1ee5: [data-color*=&#8221;red&#8221;] { background-color: pink; } s\u1ebd ch\u1ecdn t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c ph\u1ea7n t\u1eed c\u00f3 thu\u1ed9c t\u00ednh data-color ch\u1ee9a &#8220;red&#8221; nh\u01b0 &#8220;red&#8221; ho\u1eb7c &#8220;light-red&#8221;.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">V\u00ed d\u1ee5: T\u00ecm c\u00e1c url c\u00f3 ch\u1ee9a chu\u1ed7i con \u201chubspot\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n<p><strong>HTML<\/strong><\/p>\n<pre><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">&lt;ul&gt;<\/span>\r\n\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=\"<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">http:\/\/blog.com<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\"&gt;blog.com&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/li&gt;<\/span>\r\n\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=\"<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">http:\/\/hubspot.com<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\"&gt;hubspot.com&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/li&gt;<\/span>\r\n\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=\"<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">http:\/\/google.com<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\"&gt;google.com&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/li&gt;<\/span>\r\n\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=\"<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">http:\/\/blog.hubspot.com<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\"&gt;blog.hubspot.com&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/li&gt;<\/span>\r\n\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">&lt;\/ul&gt;<\/span><\/pre>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><strong>CSS<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<pre><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">a[href*=\u201dhubspot\u201d] {\r\n\r\n\u00a0\u00a0color: orange;\r\n\r\n}<\/span><\/pre>\n<p><strong>\u1ea2nh k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-68481 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/itviec.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/css-selector-attribute-vippro.webp\" alt=\"css selector\" width=\"631\" height=\"118\" srcset=\"https:\/\/itviec.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/css-selector-attribute-vippro.webp 631w, https:\/\/itviec.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/css-selector-attribute-vippro-300x56.webp 300w, https:\/\/itviec.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/css-selector-attribute-vippro-200x37.webp 200w, https:\/\/itviec.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/css-selector-attribute-vippro-100x19.webp 100w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 631px) 100vw, 631px\" \/><\/p>\n<h3><b>Pseudo-classes selector (L\u1edbp gi\u1ea3)<\/b><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Pseudo-class selector l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i b\u1ed9 ch\u1ecdn n\u00e2ng cao trong CSS, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ecdn c\u00e1c ph\u1ea7n t\u1eed d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i ho\u1eb7c h\u00e0nh vi c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang, thay v\u00ec d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean th\u1ebb HTML ho\u1eb7c thu\u1ed9c t\u00ednh.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b>C\u00fa ph\u00e1p c\u1ee7a Pseudo-class selector:<\/b><\/p>\n<pre>selector:pseudo-class { style: properties; }<\/pre>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Pseudo-class trong CSS kh\u00f4ng tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng cho ID, Class hay Type element. Thay v\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3, n\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ki\u1ec3u cho c\u00e1c tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i ho\u1eb7c h\u00e0nh vi c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ph\u1ea7n t\u1eed \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ecdn b\u1edfi c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i selector kh\u00e1c nh\u01b0 ID, Class, Type element ho\u1eb7c k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p gi\u1eefa ch\u00fang. C\u00f3 r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u lo\u1ea1i Pseudo-class selector kh\u00e1c nhau \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng cho nhi\u1ec1u m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch kh\u00e1c nhau:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">:hover: Khi r\u00ea chu\u1ed9t l\u00ean ph\u1ea7n t\u1eed<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">:focus: Khi ph\u1ea7n t\u1eed \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ecdn (b\u1eb1ng b\u00e0n ph\u00edm)<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">:active: Khi ph\u1ea7n t\u1eed \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1ea5n (b\u1eb1ng chu\u1ed9t ho\u1eb7c b\u00e0n ph\u00edm)<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">:first-child: \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ph\u1ea7n t\u1eed \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean trong m\u1ed9t nh\u00f3m con<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">:last-child: \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ph\u1ea7n t\u1eed cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng trong m\u1ed9t nh\u00f3m con<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">:nth-child(n): \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ph\u1ea7n t\u1eed th\u1ee9 n trong m\u1ed9t nh\u00f3m con<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">:even: \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c ph\u1ea7n t\u1eed c\u00f3 v\u1ecb tr\u00ed ch\u1eb5n trong m\u1ed9t nh\u00f3m con<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">:odd: \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c ph\u1ea7n t\u1eed c\u00f3 v\u1ecb tr\u00ed l\u1ebb trong m\u1ed9t nh\u00f3m con<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">V\u00ed d\u1ee5: <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u0110\u1ed5i m\u00e0u c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c li\u00ean k\u1ebft m\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng \u0111\u00e3 truy c\u1eadp th\u00e0nh m\u00e0u xanh l\u00e1 c\u00e2y. Gi\u1eef c\u00e1c li\u00ean k\u1ebft m\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng ch\u01b0a truy c\u1eadp th\u00e0nh m\u00e0u xanh d\u01b0\u01a1ng. V\u00e0 c\u00e1c li\u00ean k\u1ebft chuy\u1ec3n sang m\u00e0u h\u1ed3ng khi ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng di chu\u1ed9t qua ch\u00fang.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><strong>HTML<\/strong><\/p>\n<pre><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">&lt;p&gt;Ch\u00e0o m\u1eebng b\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ebfn v\u1edbi &lt;a href=\"https:\/\/itviec.com\/blog\"&gt;ITviec Blog&lt;\/a&gt;.\r\nB\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m IT m\u1edbi nh\u1ea5t t\u1ea1i &lt;a href=\"http:\/\/itviec.com\"&gt;Trang ch\u1ee7 ITviec&lt;\/a&gt;?&lt;\/p&gt;<\/span><\/pre>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><strong>CSS<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<pre><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">a:link {<\/span>\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> \u00a0color: #0000FF;<\/span>\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">}<\/span>\r\n\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">a:visited {<\/span>\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> \u00a0color: #00FF00;<\/span>\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">}<\/span>\r\n\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">a:hover {<\/span>\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> \u00a0color: #FF00FF;<\/span>\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">}<\/span><\/pre>\n<h3><b>Pseudo-elements selector (L\u1edbp gi\u1ea3 ph\u1ea7n t\u1eed)<\/b><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Pseudo-elements selector trong CSS cho ph\u00e9p b\u1ea1n t\u1ea1o ki\u1ec3u cho m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ph\u1ea7n t\u1eed \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ecdn. V\u00ed d\u1ee5: T\u1ea1o ki\u1ec3u cho ch\u1eef c\u00e1i ho\u1eb7c d\u00f2ng \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n t\u1eed v\u00e0 ch\u00e8n n\u1ed9i dung tr\u01b0\u1edbc ho\u1eb7c sau n\u1ed9i dung c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n t\u1eed. B\u00ean c\u1ea1nh \u0111\u00f3, vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng pseudo-elements selector s\u1ebd gi\u00fap tinh ch\u1ec9nh v\u00e0 n\u00e2ng cao tr\u1ea3i nghi\u1ec7m tr\u1ef1c quan c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c trang web m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n th\u00eam c\u00e1c th\u1ebb HTML kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b>C\u00fa ph\u00e1p c\u1ee7a Pseudo-element selector:<\/b><\/p>\n<pre><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">selector::pseudo-element { <\/span>\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> \u00a0 property: value;<\/span>\r\n\r\n}<\/pre>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">V\u1edbi Pseudo-elements selector CSS, b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n nhi\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ecbnh d\u1ea1ng ngay tr\u00ean n\u1ed9i dung c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh nh\u01b0 CSS ::first-line Pseudo-element (ph\u1ea7n t\u1eed gi\u1ea3 d\u00f2ng \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean), CSS ::first-letter Pseudo-element (ph\u1ea7n t\u1eed gi\u1ea3 cho ch\u1eef c\u00e1i \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean), CSS ::before Pseudo-element (tr\u01b0\u1edbc ph\u1ea7n t\u1eed gi\u1ea3), CSS ::after Pseudo-element (sau ph\u1ea7n t\u1eed gi\u1ea3),&#8230;<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><b>C\u00e1c CSS selector k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p<\/b><\/h3>\n<h4><b>K\u00fd t\u1ef1 tr\u1eafng (Descendant Combinator)<\/b><\/h4>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">K\u00fd t\u1ef1 tr\u1eafng (whitespace ho\u1eb7c descendant combinator) ch\u1ecdn t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c ph\u1ea7n t\u1eed c\u00f3 ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c t\u1eeb m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n t\u1eed c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3, b\u1ea5t k\u1ec3 ch\u00fang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ed3ng s\u00e2u \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ee9c n\u00e0o trong c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac HTML.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">V\u00ed d\u1ee5: Ch\u1ecdn t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c ph\u1ea7n t\u1eed &lt;p&gt; xu\u1ea5t ph\u00e1t t\u1eeb m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n t\u1eed c\u00f3 l\u1edbp \u201cparent_element\u201d:<\/span><\/p>\n<pre><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.parent_element p {\r\n<\/span>\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> \u00a0\u00a0\/* C\u00e1c ki\u1ec3u CSS \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y *\/<\/span>\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">}<\/span><\/pre>\n<h4><b>Child Combinator<\/b><\/h4>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Child Combinator \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ec3u di\u1ec5n b\u1eb1ng k\u00fd hi\u1ec7u ( &gt;). N\u00f3 ch\u1ecdn c\u00e1c ph\u1ea7n t\u1eed l\u00e0 con tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">V\u00ed d\u1ee5: Ch\u1ecdn c\u00e1c ph\u1ea7n t\u1eed &lt;p&gt; xu\u1ea5t ph\u00e1t t\u1eeb ph\u1ea7n t\u1eed con c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n t\u1eed c\u00f3 l\u1edbp \u201cparent_element\u201d.<\/span><\/p>\n<pre><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.parent_element &gt; p {\r\n<\/span>\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> \u00a0\/* C\u00e1c ki\u1ec3u CSS \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y *\/<\/span>\r\n\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">}<\/span><\/pre>\n<h4><b>Adjacent Sibling Combinator<\/b><\/h4>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ec3u th\u1ecb b\u1eb1ng k\u00fd hi\u1ec7u (+), <\/span>Adjacent Sibling Combinator b\u1ed9<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p anh ch\u1ecb em li\u1ec1n k\u1ec1 s\u1ebd ch\u1ecdn c\u00e1c ph\u1ea7n t\u1eed ngay sau ph\u1ea7n t\u1eed \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ecbnh.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">V\u00ed d\u1ee5: Ch\u1ecdn t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 ph\u1ea7n t\u1eed &lt;p&gt; ngay sau ph\u1ea7n t\u1eed &lt;h3&gt;<\/span><\/p>\n<pre><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">H3 + p {<\/span>\r\n\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\/* C\u00e1c ki\u1ec3u CSS \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y *\/<\/span>\r\n\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">}<\/span><\/pre>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">L\u01b0u \u00fd: N\u00f3 s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng ki\u1ec3u d\u00e1ng cho c\u00e1c ph\u1ea7n t\u1eed &lt;p&gt; kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 &lt;h3&gt; \u0111\u1ee9ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc.<\/span><\/p>\n<h4><strong>General Sibling Combinator <\/strong><\/h4>\n<p>General Sibling Combinator <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng k\u00fd hi\u1ec7u ( ~ ) \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ecdn c\u00e1c ph\u1ea7n t\u1eed l\u00e0 anh em c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ph\u1ea7n t\u1eed c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 v\u00e0 c\u00f3 chung cha m\u1eb9.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">V\u00ed d\u1ee5: Ch\u1ecdn t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c ph\u1ea7n t\u1eed &lt;p&gt; c\u00f3 c\u00f9ng ph\u1ea7n t\u1eed cha m\u1eb9 v\u1edbi ph\u1ea7n t\u1eed &lt;h3&gt;.<\/span><\/p>\n<pre><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">H3 ~ p {\r\n<\/span>\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> \u00a0\u00a0\/* C\u00e1c ki\u1ec3u CSS \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y *\/\r\n<\/span>\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">}<\/span><\/pre>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Selector_list_la_gi\"><\/span><b>Selector list l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Selector list (danh s\u00e1ch selector) l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t t\u1eadp h\u1ee3p c\u00e1c CSS selector \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi nhau \u0111\u1ec3 \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t quy t\u1eafc CSS cho nhi\u1ec1u th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n HTML kh\u00e1c nhau. Ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n, b\u1ea1n mu\u1ed1n \u0111\u1ecbnh d\u1ea1ng ti\u00eau \u0111\u1ec1 h1 v\u00e0 h2 tr\u00ean trang web th\u00e0nh m\u00e0u \u0111\u1ecf. <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Thay v\u00ec vi\u1ebft hai quy t\u1eafc CSS ri\u00eang bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0:<\/span><\/p>\n<pre><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">h1 {<\/span> <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> \u00a0<\/span>\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0 \u00a0 color: red;<\/span> \r\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">}<\/span> \r\n\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">h2 {<\/span> <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> \u00a0<\/span>\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0 \u00a0 color: red;<\/span> \r\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">}\r\n<\/span><\/pre>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">B\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng selector list nh\u01b0 sau:<\/span><\/p>\n<pre><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">h1, h2 {<\/span> <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> \u00a0<\/span>\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">  \u00a0 color: red;<\/span>\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">}<\/span><\/pre>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"4_cau_truc_CSS_selector_thuong_gap\"><\/span><b>4 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac CSS selector th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1eb7p<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">C\u00f3 4 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac selector th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1eb7p trong CSS l\u00e0 simple selector, compound selector, complex selector v\u00e0 relative selector.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><b>Simple selector (b\u1ed9 ch\u1ecdn \u0111\u01a1n)<\/b><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Simple selector (b\u1ed9 ch\u1ecdn \u0111\u01a1n) l\u00e0 b\u1ed9 ch\u1ecdn c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n duy nh\u1ea5t, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n b\u1ed9 ch\u1ecdn lo\u1ea1i duy nh\u1ea5t (single type selector), b\u1ed9 ch\u1ecdn thu\u1ed9c t\u00ednh <strong>(attribute selector)<\/strong> ho\u1eb7c l\u1edbp gi\u1ea3 <strong>(pseudo-class). <\/strong><\/span>\u0110\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a b\u1ed9 ch\u1ecdn \u0111\u01a1n l\u00e0 ch\u00fang kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p ho\u1eb7c ch\u1ee9a b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n selector n\u00e0o kh\u00e1c<\/p>\n<p>V\u00ed d\u1ee5:<\/p>\n<pre>#myId { \r\n\r\n} \r\n\r\n[pattern*=\"\\d\"] { \r\n\r\n}<\/pre>\n<h3><b>Compound selector (b\u1ed9 ch\u1ecdn gh\u00e9p)<\/b><\/h3>\n<p>Compound selector (b\u1ed9 ch\u1ecdn gh\u00e9p)<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> bi\u1ec3u th\u1ecb m\u1ed9t t\u1eadp h\u1ee3p c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n t\u1eed. M\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n t\u1eed \u0111\u00e3 cho \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cho l\u00e0 kh\u1edbp v\u1edbi b\u1ed9 ch\u1ecdn gh\u00e9p khi ph\u1ea7n t\u1eed kh\u1edbp v\u1edbi t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c selector \u0111\u01a1n trong selector gh\u00e9p.<\/span><\/p>\n<p>V\u00ed d\u1ee5:<\/p>\n<pre>a#selected {\r\n\r\n } \r\n\r\n[type=\"checkbox\"]:checked:focus { \r\n\r\n}<\/pre>\n<h3><b>Complex selector (selector ph\u1ee9c h\u1ee3p)<\/b><\/h3>\n<p>Complex selector (selector ph\u1ee9c h\u1ee3p) <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t chu\u1ed7i g\u1ed3m m\u1ed9t ho\u1eb7c nhi\u1ec1u selector \u0111\u01a1n v\u00e0\/ho\u1eb7c selector gh\u00e9p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e2n t\u00e1ch b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c to\u00e1n t\u1eed k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p (descendant combinator), bao g\u1ed3m c\u1ea3 k\u00fd t\u1ef1 tr\u1eafng (whitespace).\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p>V\u00ed d\u1ee5:<\/p>\n<pre>a#selected &gt; .icon {\r\n\r\n}\r\n\r\n.box h2 + p {\r\n\r\n}<\/pre>\n<h3><b>Relative selector (selector t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i)<\/b><\/h3>\n<p>Relative selector (selector t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i)<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> l\u00e0 selector x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n t\u1eed d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t ho\u1eb7c nhi\u1ec1u ph\u1ea7n t\u1eed neo (anchor element) \u0111i tr\u01b0\u1edbc, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u1ed1i b\u1eb1ng m\u1ed9t to\u00e1n t\u1eed k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p.<\/span><\/p>\n<p>V\u00ed d\u1ee5:<\/p>\n<pre>+ div#topic &gt; #reference {\r\n}\r\n\r\n&gt; .icon {\r\n}\r\n\r\ndt:has(+ img) ~ dd {\r\n}<\/pre>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Cac_cau_hoi_ve_CSS_selector_thuong_gap\"><\/span><b>C\u00e1c c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi v\u1ec1 CSS selector th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1eb7p<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<h3><b>CSS selector c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng ti\u00eau c\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ebfn hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t website nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o?<\/b><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">CSS selector c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng ti\u00eau c\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ebfn hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t website th\u00f4ng qua nhi\u1ec1u y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 nh\u01b0:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>B\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t trang web:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> M\u1ed9t trang web \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n v\u1edbi \u00edt th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n v\u00e0 t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c th\u00ec \u00edt b\u1ecb \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng b\u1edfi c\u00e1c CSS selector ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p. Ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i, trang web ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n v\u00e0 thay \u0111\u1ed5i n\u1ed9i dung th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean s\u1ebd d\u1ec5 b\u1ecb \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng h\u01a1n.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>K\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00e2y DOM (DOM tree):<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> C\u00e2y DOM l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac l\u01b0u tr\u1eef t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n HTML tr\u00ean trang. C\u00e2y DOM l\u1edbn s\u1ebd khi\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau b\u1eb1ng CSS selector ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p t\u1ed1n th\u1eddi gian h\u01a1n.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>S\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng quy t\u1eafc CSS:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> S\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng quy t\u1eafc CSS c\u00e0ng nhi\u1ec1u th\u00ec tr\u00ecnh duy\u1ec7t c\u00e0ng m\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u th\u1eddi gian \u0111\u1ec3 x\u1eed l\u00fd v\u00e0 \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng cho c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n. Do \u0111\u00f3, CSS selector ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m t\u0103ng th\u1eddi gian n\u00e0y.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>T\u1ea7n su\u1ea5t thay \u0111\u1ed5i n\u1ed9i dung DOM:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> N\u1ebfu n\u1ed9i dung trang web thay \u0111\u1ed5i th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean (v\u00ed d\u1ee5 nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng web), th\u00ec vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng CSS selector ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t h\u01a1n, v\u00ec tr\u00ecnh duy\u1ec7t c\u1ea7n t\u00ednh to\u00e1n l\u1ea1i c\u00e1c quy t\u1eafc \u0111\u1ec3 \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng cho n\u1ed9i dung m\u1edbi.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3><b>C\u00e1ch nhanh nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ecdn c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng CSS selector l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/b><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">C\u00e1ch nhanh nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ecdn c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n b\u1eb1ng CSS l\u00e0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ID selector. So v\u1edbi c\u00e1c selector kh\u00e1c, ID c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n HTML l\u00e0 duy nh\u1ea5t trong to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 trang web. Nh\u1edd \u0111\u00f3, b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c m\u1ed9t th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ea7n.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">H\u01a1n n\u1eefa, c\u00fa ph\u00e1p ID selector c\u0169ng r\u1ea5t \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n, ch\u1ec9 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng k\u00fd hi\u1ec7u th\u0103ng (#) n\u1ed1i ti\u1ebfp v\u1edbi gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb ID c\u1ee7a th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n \u0111\u00f3. <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">V\u00ed d\u1ee5: B\u1ea1n mu\u1ed1n t\u00ecm th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n v\u1edbi ID \u201cbanner\u201d, b\u1ea1n ch\u1ec9 c\u1ea7n vi\u1ebft:\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<pre><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">#banner {<\/span>\r\n\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0\u00a0\/* C\u00e1c ki\u1ec3u CSS d\u00e0nh cho th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n *\/<\/span>\r\n\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">}<\/span><\/pre>\n<h3><b>Th\u1ee9 t\u1ef1 selector trong CSS c\u00f3 quan tr\u1ecdng kh\u00f4ng?<\/b><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Trong CSS, th\u1ee9 t\u1ef1 ch\u00fang ta ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1c quy t\u1eafc r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng. N\u1ebfu t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t quy t\u1eafc t\u1eeb c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t bi\u1ec3u \u0111\u1ecbnh ki\u1ec3u, c\u00f3 c\u00f9ng m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 th\u00ec quy t\u1eafc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c khai b\u00e1o cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng trong t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u CSS s\u1ebd l\u00e0 quy t\u1eafc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><b>L\u00e0m c\u00e1ch n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec3 nh\u00f3m nhi\u1ec1u selector trong CSS?<\/b><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u0110\u1ec3 nh\u00f3m nhi\u1ec1u selector trong CSS, b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng selector list nh\u01b0 ITviec \u0111\u00e3 h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00f3. B\u1ea1n ch\u1ec9 c\u1ea7n li\u1ec7t k\u00ea c\u00e1c selector v\u00e0 ph\u00e2n t\u00e1ch ch\u00fang b\u1eb1ng d\u1ea5u ph\u1ea9y tr\u01b0\u1edbc d\u1ea5u ngo\u1eb7c ch\u1ee9a thu\u1ed9c t\u00ednh ki\u1ec3u.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Tong_ket_ve_CSS_selector\"><\/span><b>T\u1ed5ng k\u1ebft v\u1ec1 CSS selector<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">CSS selector l\u00e0 c\u00e1c c\u00fa ph\u00e1p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00e0 ch\u1ecdn c\u00e1c ph\u1ea7n t\u1eed HTML m\u00e0 c\u1ea7n \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c quy t\u1eafc CSS. C\u00e1c selector n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 t\u00ean th\u1ebb HTML, class, ID, ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1c thu\u1ed9c t\u00ednh kh\u00e1c c\u1ee7a ph\u1ea7n t\u1eed. Vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng CSS selector gi\u00fap t\u00f9y ch\u1ec9nh giao di\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a trang web.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">C\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u lo\u1ea1i CSS selector nh\u01b0 class, ID, selector k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p, selector pseudo-classes v\u00e0 pseudo-elements,&#8230; M\u1ed7i lo\u1ea1i selector \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 c\u00fa ph\u00e1p v\u00e0 c\u00e1ch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ri\u00eang bi\u1ec7t, cho ph\u00e9p \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng CSS m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c v\u00e0 linh ho\u1ea1t theo nhu c\u1ea7u c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a d\u1ef1 \u00e1n.<\/span><\/p>\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"sp-no-webp wp-image-5668 aligncenter sp-no-webp entered lazyloaded\" src=\"https:\/\/itviec.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/07\/Robby2.png\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" srcset=\"https:\/\/itviec.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/07\/Robby2.png 300w, https:\/\/itviec.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/07\/Robby2-200x200.png 200w, https:\/\/itviec.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/07\/Robby2-60x60.png 60w\" alt=\"robby-2\" width=\"300\" height=\"300\" data-lazy-src=\"https:\/\/itviec.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/07\/Robby2.png\" data-lazy-sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" data-lazy-srcset=\"https:\/\/itviec.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/07\/Robby2.png 300w, https:\/\/itviec.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/07\/Robby2-200x200.png 200w, https:\/\/itviec.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/07\/Robby2-60x60.png 60w\" data-ll-status=\"loaded\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<p id=\"block-bdf220a1-3635-4794-9101-81d879939b92\" class=\"has-text-align-center\" style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>B\u1ea1n th\u1ea5y b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft hay v\u00e0 h\u1eefu \u00edch? \u0110\u1eebng ng\u1ea1i Share v\u1edbi b\u1ea1n b\u00e8 v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed3ng nghi\u1ec7p nh\u00e9.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p id=\"block-a1315aab-406f-48df-97fc-6b9584e6e134\" class=\"has-text-align-center\" style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>V\u00e0 nhanh tay tham kh\u1ea3o\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/itviec.com\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m IT<\/a>\u00a0\u201cch\u1ea5t\u201d tr\u00ean ITviec<\/strong>!<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>CSS selector l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n ch\u00ednh y\u1ebfu trong vi\u1ec7c t\u1ea1o phong c\u00e1ch cho trang web. CSS selector ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng tr\u00ean c\u00e1c ph\u1ea7n t\u1eed HTML, cho ph\u00e9p b\u1ea1n t\u1ea1o ki\u1ec3u d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean ID, class, type, thu\u1ed9c t\u00ednh,&#8230; Trong b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft n\u00e0y, ITviec s\u1ebd cung c\u1ea5p cho b\u1ea1n nh\u1eefng th\u00f4ng tin v\u1ec1 10 CSS selector ph\u1ed5 [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":213,"featured_media":68673,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_gspb_post_css":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[109],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-68465","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-chuyen-mon-it"],"blocksy_meta":[],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v26.8 (Yoast SEO v27.8) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-premium-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>CSS selector l\u00e0 g\u00ec? Top 10 CSS selector ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn nh\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n nay - ITviec Blog<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 10 CSS selector ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn nh\u1ea5t: Type selector, Class selector, ID selector, Descendant selector, Child selector,...\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/itviec.com\/blog\/css-selector\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"vi_VN\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"CSS selector l\u00e0 g\u00ec? Top 10 CSS selector ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn nh\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n nay\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"CSS selector l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n ch\u00ednh y\u1ebfu trong vi\u1ec7c t\u1ea1o phong c\u00e1ch cho trang web. CSS selector ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng tr\u00ean c\u00e1c ph\u1ea7n t\u1eed HTML, cho ph\u00e9p b\u1ea1n t\u1ea1o ki\u1ec3u d\u1ef1a\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/itviec.com\/blog\/css-selector\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"ITviec Blog\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/ITviec\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2024-05-15T01:48:36+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/itviec.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/Thumbnail-css-selector-vippro.png\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"2112\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"1112\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/png\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Linh Trao\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:creator\" content=\"@ITviec\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:site\" content=\"@ITviec\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"\u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c vi\u1ebft b\u1edfi\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Linh Trao\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"\u01af\u1edbc t\u00ednh th\u1eddi gian \u0111\u1ecdc\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"19 ph\u00fat\" \/>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO Premium plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"CSS selector l\u00e0 g\u00ec? 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