{"id":66616,"date":"2024-04-20T21:17:19","date_gmt":"2024-04-20T14:17:19","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/itviec.com\/blog\/?p=66616"},"modified":"2024-04-20T21:17:19","modified_gmt":"2024-04-20T14:17:19","slug":"lap-trinh-nhung-la-gi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/itviec.com\/blog\/lap-trinh-nhung-la-gi\/","title":{"rendered":"L\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh nh\u00fang l\u00e0 g\u00ec: C\u00f4ng c\u1ee5, k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt v\u00e0 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ea7n bi\u1ebft"},"content":{"rendered":"<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_84 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-grey ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<div class=\"ez-toc-title-container\">\n<p class=\"ez-toc-title\" style=\"cursor:inherit\">N\u1ed9i dung b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft<\/p>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-title-toggle\"><a href=\"#\" class=\"ez-toc-pull-right ez-toc-btn ez-toc-btn-xs ez-toc-btn-default ez-toc-toggle\" aria-label=\"Toggle Table of Content\"><span class=\"ez-toc-js-icon-con\"><span class=\"\"><span class=\"eztoc-hide\" style=\"display:none;\">Toggle<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-icon-toggle-span\"><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" class=\"list-377408\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path d=\"M6 6H4v2h2V6zm14 0H8v2h12V6zM4 11h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2zM4 16h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" class=\"arrow-unsorted-368013\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"10px\" height=\"10px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" version=\"1.2\" baseProfile=\"tiny\"><path d=\"M18.2 9.3l-6.2-6.3-6.2 6.3c-.2.2-.3.4-.3.7s.1.5.3.7c.2.2.4.3.7.3h11c.3 0 .5-.1.7-.3.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7zM5.8 14.7l6.2 6.3 6.2-6.3c.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7c-.2-.2-.4-.3-.7-.3h-11c-.3 0-.5.1-.7.3-.2.2-.3.5-.3.7s.1.5.3.7z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/span><\/div>\n<nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 ' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/itviec.com\/blog\/lap-trinh-nhung-la-gi\/#Lap_trinh_nhung_la_gi\" >L\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh nh\u00fang l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/itviec.com\/blog\/lap-trinh-nhung-la-gi\/#Cac_ung_dung_pho_bien_cua_lap_trinh_nhung\" >C\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh nh\u00fang<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/itviec.com\/blog\/lap-trinh-nhung-la-gi\/#Cau_truc_he_thong_nhung\" >C\u1ea5u tr\u00fac h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng nh\u00fang\u00a0<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/itviec.com\/blog\/lap-trinh-nhung-la-gi\/#Ngon_ngu_lap_trinh_nhung_la_gi\" >Ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh nh\u00fang l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/itviec.com\/blog\/lap-trinh-nhung-la-gi\/#Cong_cu_lap_trinh_nhung\" >C\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh nh\u00fang<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-6\" href=\"https:\/\/itviec.com\/blog\/lap-trinh-nhung-la-gi\/#Ky_thuat_lap_trinh_nhung\" >K\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh nh\u00fang<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-7\" href=\"https:\/\/itviec.com\/blog\/lap-trinh-nhung-la-gi\/#Lap_trinh_nhung_nang_cao_co_gi\" >L\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh nh\u00fang n\u00e2ng cao c\u00f3 g\u00ec?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-8\" href=\"https:\/\/itviec.com\/blog\/lap-trinh-nhung-la-gi\/#Cac_vi_tri_cong_viec_lien_quan_den_lap_trinh_nhung_la_gi\" >C\u00e1c v\u1ecb tr\u00ed c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh nh\u00fang l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-9\" href=\"https:\/\/itviec.com\/blog\/lap-trinh-nhung-la-gi\/#Cau_hoi_ve_lap_trinh_nhung_la_gi_thuong_gap\" >C\u00e2u h\u1ecfi v\u1ec1 l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh nh\u00fang l\u00e0 g\u00ec th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1eb7p<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-10\" href=\"https:\/\/itviec.com\/blog\/lap-trinh-nhung-la-gi\/#Tong_ket_lap_trinh_nhung_la_gi\" >T\u1ed5ng k\u1ebft l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh nh\u00fang l\u00e0 g\u00ec<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<p><em><strong>Ch\u1ea1m m\u1ed1c li\u00ean ti\u1ebfp doanh s\u1ed1 t\u1ef7 \u0111\u00f4 m\u1ed7i n\u0103m, l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh nh\u00fang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng ng\u00e0nh ngh\u1ec1 si\u00eau \u201chot\u201d trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c IT, c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u1ee7 s\u00f3ng lan r\u1ed9ng \u1edf m\u1ecdi l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c. T\u1ea1i Vi\u1ec7t Nam, v\u1ecb tr\u00ed n\u00e0y v\u1eabn c\u00f2n nhi\u1ec1u ti\u1ec1m n\u0103ng ch\u01b0a khai th\u00e1c tri\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ec3, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u1eabn ch\u01b0a bi\u1ebft l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh nh\u00fang l\u00e0 g\u00ec. V\u00ec th\u1ebf, trong b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft n\u00e0y ch\u00fang ta h\u00e3y c\u00f9ng t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u t\u1ea5t t\u1ea7n t\u1eadn v\u1ec1 ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 n\u00e0y nh\u00e9!<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">B\u00e0i vi\u1ebft n\u00e0y gi\u00fap b\u1ea1n n\u1eafm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">L\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh nh\u00fang l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">C\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn trong h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh nh\u00fang<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">C\u00e1c nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n trong l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng nh\u00fang<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">M\u00f4 t\u1ea3 c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c th\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u1eadt c\u1ee7a k\u1ef9 s\u01b0 ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m nh\u00fang<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Nh\u1eefng y\u00eau c\u1ea7u v\u00e0 k\u1ef9 n\u0103ng \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh k\u1ef9 s\u01b0 l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh nh\u00fang<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t k\u1ef9 s\u01b0 ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m v\u00e0 k\u1ef9 s\u01b0 l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh nh\u00fang<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Lap_trinh_nhung_la_gi\"><\/span><b>L\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh nh\u00fang l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">L\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng nh\u00fang l\u00e0 qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m cho c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng m\u00e1y t\u00ednh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00edch h\u1ee3p v\u00e0o thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb, th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 trong khi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a v\u1ec1 ngu\u1ed3n l\u1ef1c nh\u01b0 b\u1ed9 nh\u1edb v\u00e0 s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh x\u1eed l\u00fd.<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng n\u00e0y th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u00fang trong m\u1ed9t m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng ho\u1eb7c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng m\u1eb9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00edch h\u1ee3p c\u00e1c ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee9ng v\u00e0 ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m kh\u00e1c nhau. C\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng n\u00e0y ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u00e1ng tin c\u1eady, hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 v\u00e0 ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m chi ph\u00ed, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi vi\u1ec7c l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng nh\u00fang \u0111\u00f3ng m\u1ed9t vai tr\u00f2 quan tr\u1ecdng trong vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau n\u00e0y.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m nh\u00fang th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c vi\u1ebft b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef c\u1ea5p th\u1ea5p nh\u01b0 C, assembly language v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a cho c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng v\u00e0 ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee9ng c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng. B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch n\u00e0y, k\u1ef9 s\u01b0 l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh nh\u00fang c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng, gi\u1ea3m m\u1ee9c ti\u00eau th\u1ee5 n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u chi ph\u00ed.<\/span><\/p>\n<blockquote><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><strong><em>V\u00ed d\u1ee5:<\/em><\/strong> \u0110i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n t\u1eeb xa c\u1ee7a TV, l\u00f2 vi s\u00f3ng, m\u1ea1ng l\u01b0\u1edbi c\u1ea3m bi\u1ebfn v\u00e0 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n trong \u00f4 t\u00f4 v\u00e0 thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb robot s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p \u0111\u1ec1u ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng nh\u1edd ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m nh\u00fang.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ea5y, nh\u1edd c\u00f3 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng nh\u00fang, c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ed1i \u01b0u ho\u00e1 hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t, b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh c\u00e1c tham s\u1ed1 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">H\u01a1n h\u1ebft khi \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng nh\u00fang, s\u1ebd gi\u00fap con ng\u01b0\u1eddi ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m chi ph\u00ed s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh, v\u1edbi quy tr\u00ecnh t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng ho\u00e1 v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u c\u00e1c sai s\u00f3t, t\u0103ng n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t lao \u0111\u1ed9ng.<\/span><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Cac_ung_dung_pho_bien_cua_lap_trinh_nhung\"><\/span><b>C\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh nh\u00fang<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">L\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng nh\u00fang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng, bao g\u1ed3m:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u00f4 t\u00f4, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 b\u1ed9 \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1, h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ch\u1ed1ng b\u00f3 c\u1ee9ng phanh v\u00e0 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng th\u00f4ng tin gi\u1ea3i tr\u00ed.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">C\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb y t\u1ebf, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 m\u00e1y \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00f2a nh\u1ecbp tim, m\u00e1y b\u01a1m insulin v\u00e0 m\u00e1y \u0111o \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng huy\u1ebft.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u0110i\u1ec7n t\u1eed ti\u00eau d\u00f9ng nh\u01b0 \u0111i\u1ec7n tho\u1ea1i th\u00f4ng minh, \u0111\u1ed3ng h\u1ed3 th\u00f4ng minh v\u00e0 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u00f3a gia \u0111\u00ecnh.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p nh\u01b0 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n, c\u1ea3m bi\u1ebfn v\u00e0 b\u1ed9 truy\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ed9ng.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">C\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ph\u00f2ng th\u1ee7 v\u00e0 h\u00e0ng kh\u00f4ng v\u0169 tr\u1ee5, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed h\u00e0ng kh\u00f4ng, h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng d\u1eabn \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 m\u00e1y bay kh\u00f4ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e1i.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Cau_truc_he_thong_nhung\"><\/span><b>C\u1ea5u tr\u00fac h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng nh\u00fang\u00a0<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u0110\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3u v\u1ec1 l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh nh\u00fang l\u00e0 g\u00ec, b\u1ea1n c\u1ea7n hi\u1ec3u r\u1eb1ng b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng nh\u00fang n\u00e0o, d\u00f9 l\u1edbn hay nh\u1ecf, th\u00f4 s\u01a1 hay ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p, lu\u00f4n l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 t\u00edch h\u1ee3p c\u1ee7a l\u1edbp ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee9ng v\u00e0 l\u1edbp ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><b>Ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee9ng nh\u00fang<\/b><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">L\u1edbp ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng xung quanh b\u1ed9 x\u1eed l\u00fd trung t\u00e2m (CPU) \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 l\u00e0 b\u1ed9 \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ch\u00ednh. M\u1ed9t CPU ho\u00e0n ch\u1ec9nh s\u1ebd bao g\u1ed3m:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">B\u1ed9 vi x\u1eed l\u00fd ch\u1ec9 ch\u1ee9a m\u1ed9t CPU v\u00e0 c\u00f3 c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t t\u1ed1i thi\u1ec3u \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n thao t\u00e1c \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n.\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">B\u1ed9 vi \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 t\u00edch h\u1ee3p c\u1ee7a CPU, b\u1ed9 nh\u1edb RAM\/ROM, c\u00e1c c\u1ed5ng I\/O tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t chip v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n nhi\u1ec1u t\u00e1c v\u1ee5.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">C\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee9ng nh\u00fang c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft kh\u00e1c bao g\u1ed3m:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">L\u01b0u tr\u1eef c\u00e1c d\u1eef li\u1ec7u v\u1edbi thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb b\u1ed9 nh\u1edb.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb I\/O cho ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea7u ra.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Truy\u1ec1n d\u1eef li\u1ec7u gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee9ng v\u1edbi Bus m\u00e1y t\u00ednh.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i d\u1eef li\u1ec7u v\u1eadt l\u00fd th\u00e0nh t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 v\u1edbi c\u1ea3m bi\u1ebfn.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">B\u1ed9 chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 sang s\u1ed1 (ADC) \u0111\u1ec3 chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 (v\u00ed d\u1ee5: \u00e2m thanh ho\u1eb7c \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng) th\u00e0nh t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u s\u1ed1 m\u00e0 b\u1ed9 x\u1eed l\u00fd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ecdc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">B\u1ed9 chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt s\u1ed1 sang t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 (DAC) \u0111\u1ec3 chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u s\u1ed1 t\u1eeb b\u1ed9 x\u1eed l\u00fd th\u00e0nh t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u \u0111i\u1ec7n.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">B\u1ed9 truy\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra c\u00e1c c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u t\u1eeb b\u1ed9 x\u1eed l\u00fd, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 l\u00e0m cho \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9ng.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb ngo\u1ea1i vi (m\u00e1y \u1ea3nh, m\u00e1y in, m\u00e1y qu\u00e9t, b\u00e0n ph\u00edm, v.v.).<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">C\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee9ng nh\u00fang c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00edch h\u1ee3p tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t bo m\u1ea1ch, bao g\u1ed3m m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng tr\u00ean chip (SoC). B\u1ea1n c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng cho d\u1ef1 \u00e1n c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t b\u1ea3ng m\u1ea1ch ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p h\u01a1n &#8211; m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng tr\u00ean module (SoM), l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 t\u00edch h\u1ee3p c\u1ee7a nhi\u1ec1u chip.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><b>Ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m nh\u00fang<\/b><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">L\u1edbp ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m ch\u1ee9a nhi\u1ec1u th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n kh\u00e1c nhau, ch\u00fang s\u1ebd ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p v\u00e0 m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch c\u1ee7a thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb bao g\u1ed3m b\u1ed1n th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Kernel &#8211; m\u1ed9t ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh t\u00edch h\u1ee3p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c vi\u1ebft cho ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee9ng nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">H\u1ec7 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh &#8211; m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp c\u00e1c quy t\u1eafc v\u00e0 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t ngu\u1ed3n t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng. N\u00f3 bao g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c tr\u00ecnh \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb cung c\u1ea5p <a href=\"https:\/\/itviec.com\/blog\/api-la-gi\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">API<\/a> cho c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m c\u1ea5p tr\u00ean v\u00e0 gi\u00fap ch\u00fang giao ti\u1ebfp v\u1edbi c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee9ng. C\u00f3 hai h\u1ec7 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 h\u1ec7 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh \u0111a n\u0103ng (GPOS) v\u00e0 h\u1ec7 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh th\u1eddi gian th\u1ef1c (Real-time Operating System &#8211; RTOS).<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Middleware &#8211; m\u1ed9t trung gian h\u00f2a gi\u1ea3i cho ph\u00e9p giao ti\u1ebfp gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m tr\u00ean v\u00e0 d\u01b0\u1edbi. Middleware \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o cho m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00e0 n\u1eb1m gi\u1eefa h\u1ec7 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh v\u00e0 ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng &#8211; ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng cu\u1ed1i.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">C\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng nh\u00fang ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p l\u1edbn ch\u1ee9a t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n n\u00e0y, trong khi c\u00e1c gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p nh\u00fang \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 thi\u1ebfu m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 h\u1ec7 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Ngon_ngu_lap_trinh_nhung_la_gi\"><\/span><b>Ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh nh\u00fang l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">L\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng nh\u00fang th\u01b0\u1eddng li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh c\u1ea5p th\u1ea5p, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef C v\u00e0 assembly language.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Nh\u1eefng ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a cho c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee9ng, \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p quy\u1ec1n truy c\u1eadp tr\u1ef1c tuy\u1ebfn v\u00e0o t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng nh\u00fang bao g\u1ed3m:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><strong>C<\/strong>: L\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh C l\u00e0 ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng nh\u00fang. N\u00f3 cung c\u1ea5p quy\u1ec1n truy c\u1eadp tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp v\u00e0o t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 r\u1ea5t ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p cho c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng c\u00f3 ngu\u1ed3n l\u1ef1c h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0<strong>Assembly Language<\/strong>: Assembly Language l\u00e0 ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh c\u1ea5p th\u1ea5p cung c\u1ea5p quy\u1ec1n truy c\u1eadp tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp v\u00e0o t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng. N\u00f3 th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng cho c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng c\u00f3 t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean r\u1ea5t h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf ho\u1eb7c cho c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng quan tr\u1ecdng v\u1ec1 hi\u1ec7u n\u0103ng.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><strong>C++<\/strong>: C++ l\u00e0 ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh c\u1ea5p cao th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng nh\u00fang. N\u00f3 cung c\u1ea5p c\u00e1c t\u00ednh n\u0103ng l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh h\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<blockquote><p><em>\u0110\u1ecdc th\u00eam: <a href=\"https:\/\/itviec.com\/blog\/cpp-la-gi\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>C++ l\u00e0 g\u00ec: T\u1ed5ng quan v\u1ec1 C++ v\u00e0 Nh\u1eefng c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi C++ th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1eb7p<\/strong><\/a><\/em><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Cong_cu_lap_trinh_nhung\"><\/span><b>C\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh nh\u00fang<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">L\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng nh\u00fang y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 chuy\u00ean d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n, ki\u1ec3m tra v\u00e0 g\u1ee1 l\u1ed7i ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m cho c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng n\u00e0y. Nh\u1eefng c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 n\u00e0y bao g\u1ed3m:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><strong>M\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n t\u00edch h\u1ee3p (IDE)<\/strong>: IDE cung c\u1ea5p m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n cho l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng nh\u00fang. Ch\u00fang th\u01b0\u1eddng bao g\u1ed3m tr\u00ecnh so\u1ea1n th\u1ea3o m\u00e3, tr\u00ecnh bi\u00ean d\u1ecbch, tr\u00ecnh g\u1ee1 l\u1ed7i v\u00e0 c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 kh\u00e1c \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n v\u00e0 th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><strong>Tr\u00ecnh bi\u00ean d\u1ecbch ch\u00e9o<\/strong>: Tr\u00ecnh bi\u00ean d\u1ecbch ch\u00e9o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 bi\u00ean d\u1ecbch code cho m\u1ed9t n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng kh\u00e1c v\u1edbi n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng m\u00e0 tr\u00ecnh bi\u00ean d\u1ecbch \u0111ang ch\u1ea1y. Ch\u00fang th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m cho c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng nh\u00fang c\u00f3 ki\u1ebfn \u200b\u200btr\u00fac ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee9ng kh\u00e1c v\u1edbi n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><strong>Tr\u00ecnh g\u1ee1 l\u1ed7i<\/strong>: Tr\u00ecnh g\u1ee1 l\u1ed7i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00e0 s\u1eeda l\u1ed7i trong ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m. Ch\u00fang cung c\u1ea5p c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ec3 duy\u1ec7t qua m\u00e3, thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec3m d\u1eebng c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 ki\u1ec3m tra c\u00e1c bi\u1ebfn v\u00e0 b\u1ed9 nh\u1edb.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><strong>Tr\u00ecnh gi\u1ea3 l\u1eadp v\u00e0 tr\u00ecnh m\u00f4 ph\u1ecfng<\/strong>: Tr\u00ecnh gi\u1ea3 l\u1eadp v\u00e0 tr\u00ecnh m\u00f4 ph\u1ecfng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 ki\u1ec3m tra ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m tr\u00ean m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ea3o m\u00f4 ph\u1ecfng ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee9ng v\u00e0 ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111\u00edch. Ch\u00fang th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 ki\u1ec3m tra ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi tri\u1ec3n khai v\u00e0o h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111\u00edch.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Ky_thuat_lap_trinh_nhung\"><\/span><b>K\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh nh\u00fang<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">L\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng nh\u00fang bao g\u1ed3m m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1t c\u00e1c k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a cho c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng v\u00e0 ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee9ng c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng. Nh\u1eefng k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt n\u00e0y bao g\u1ed3m:<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><strong>Ng\u1eaft v\u00e0 h\u1eb9n gi\u1edd<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Ng\u1eaft v\u00e0 h\u1eb9n gi\u1edd r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng nh\u00fang, v\u00ec ch\u00fang cho ph\u00e9p h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ph\u1ea3n h\u1ed3i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i v\u00e0 l\u00ean l\u1ecbch t\u00e1c v\u1ee5.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Ng\u1eaft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m gi\u00e1n \u0111o\u1ea1n lu\u1ed3ng th\u1ef1c thi ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n m\u1ed9t ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 ph\u1ea3n h\u1ed3i khi nh\u1ea5n n\u00fat ho\u1eb7c nh\u1eadn d\u1eef li\u1ec7u t\u1eeb c\u1ea3m bi\u1ebfn.\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">B\u1ed9 h\u1eb9n gi\u1edd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00ean l\u1ecbch c\u00e1c t\u00e1c v\u1ee5 theo c\u00e1c kho\u1ea3ng th\u1eddi gian c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt m\u00e0n h\u00ecnh ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ecdc d\u1eef li\u1ec7u t\u1eeb c\u1ea3m bi\u1ebfn.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u0110\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ng\u1eaft v\u00e0 b\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ecbnh th\u1eddi m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3, c\u00e1c k\u1ef9 s\u01b0 l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh nh\u00fang ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0m quen v\u1edbi ki\u1ebfn \u200b\u200btr\u00fac ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee9ng v\u00e0 ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng vi\u1ebft code ph\u1ea3n h\u1ed3i c\u00e1c s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch k\u1ecbp th\u1eddi v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1ef1 \u0111o\u00e1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><strong>L\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh I\/O c\u1ea5p th\u1ea5p<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">C\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng nh\u00fang th\u01b0\u1eddng t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c v\u1edbi c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 c\u1ea3m bi\u1ebfn v\u00e0 b\u1ed9 truy\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ed9ng, th\u00f4ng qua l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh I\/O c\u1ea5p th\u1ea5p. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c vi\u1ebft code t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp v\u1edbi ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee9ng c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ecdc v\u00e0 ghi d\u1eef li\u1ec7u v\u00e0o c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u0110\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh I\/O c\u1ea5p th\u1ea5p, c\u00e1c k\u1ef9 s\u01b0 l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh nh\u00fang ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0m quen v\u1edbi ki\u1ebfn \u200b\u200btr\u00fac ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee9ng v\u00e0 ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng vi\u1ebft code t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c v\u1edbi c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><strong>Qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd b\u1ed9 nh\u1edb<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd b\u1ed9 nh\u1edb r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng nh\u00fang v\u00ec c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng n\u00e0y th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean b\u1ed9 nh\u1edb h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf. K\u1ef9 s\u01b0 l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh nh\u00fang ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng b\u1ed9 nh\u1edb m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u0110\u1ec3 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd b\u1ed9 nh\u1edb hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3, c\u00e1c k\u1ef9 s\u01b0 l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh nh\u00fang ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0m quen v\u1edbi ki\u1ebfn \u200b\u200btr\u00fac b\u1ed9 nh\u1edb c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng vi\u1ebft code ph\u00e2n b\u1ed5 v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng b\u1ed9 nh\u1edb m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch \u0111\u00e1ng tin c\u1eady v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><strong>L\u1eadp l\u1ecbch t\u00e1c v\u1ee5<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">L\u1eadp l\u1ecbch t\u00e1c v\u1ee5 r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng nh\u00fang, v\u00ec n\u00f3 cho ph\u00e9p h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n nhi\u1ec1u t\u00e1c v\u1ee5 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch k\u1ecbp th\u1eddi v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3. L\u1eadp k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 bao g\u1ed3m vi\u1ec7c chia h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng th\u00e0nh c\u00e1c nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 ri\u00eang l\u1ebb v\u00e0 l\u00ean l\u1ecbch cho c\u00e1c nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n theo nh\u1eefng kho\u1ea3ng th\u1eddi gian c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u0110\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n l\u1eadp l\u1ecbch t\u00e1c v\u1ee5 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3, k\u1ef9 s\u01b0 l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh nh\u00fang ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0m quen v\u1edbi ki\u1ebfn \u200b\u200btr\u00fac ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee9ng v\u00e0 ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng, ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng vi\u1ebft code l\u1eadp l\u1ecbch t\u00e1c v\u1ee5 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Lap_trinh_nhung_nang_cao_co_gi\"><\/span><b>L\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh nh\u00fang n\u00e2ng cao c\u00f3 g\u00ec?<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">L\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng nh\u00fang n\u00e2ng cao li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m cho c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi c\u00e1c k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh n\u00e2ng cao h\u01a1n. Nh\u1eefng k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt n\u00e0y bao g\u1ed3m:<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><strong>H\u1ec7 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh th\u1eddi gian th\u1ef1c<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">H\u1ec7 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh th\u1eddi gian th\u1ef1c (RTOS) \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong nhi\u1ec1u h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng nh\u00fang \u0111\u1ec3 cung c\u1ea5p m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u00e1ng tin c\u1eady v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1ef1 \u0111o\u00e1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c thi c\u00e1c t\u00e1c v\u1ee5. RTOS cung c\u1ea5p c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1eadp l\u1ecbch t\u00e1c v\u1ee5, qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd b\u1ed9 nh\u1edb v\u00e0 li\u00ean l\u1ea1c gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c t\u00e1c v\u1ee5.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u0110\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng RTOS hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3, c\u00e1c k\u1ef9 s\u01b0 l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh nh\u00fang ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0m quen v\u1edbi ki\u1ebfn \u200b\u200btr\u00fac c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng vi\u1ebft code t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c v\u1edbi RTOS.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><strong>Tr\u00ecnh \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Tr\u00ecnh \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 giao ti\u1ebfp v\u1edbi c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 c\u1ea3m bi\u1ebfn v\u00e0 b\u1ed9 truy\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ed9ng. Tr\u00ecnh \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb cung c\u1ea5p giao di\u1ec7n gi\u1eefa ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee9ng c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m, cho ph\u00e9p h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c v\u1edbi c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u0110\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh thao t\u00e1c n\u00e0y m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch c\u00f3 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3, k\u1ef9 s\u01b0 l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh nh\u00fang ph\u1ea3i t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c v\u1edbi ki\u1ebfn \u200b\u200btr\u00fac ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee9ng v\u00e0 ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng, ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng vi\u1ebft code t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c v\u1edbi c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><strong>Li\u00ean k\u1ebft giao ti\u1ebfp v\u1edbi c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">K\u1ebft n\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng nh\u00fang, v\u00ec c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng n\u00e0y th\u01b0\u1eddng t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c v\u1edbi c\u00e1c c\u1ea3m bi\u1ebfn, b\u1ed9 truy\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ed9ng b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i v\u00e0 c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb kh\u00e1c. Giao ti\u1ebfp v\u1edbi c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c vi\u1ebft code giao ti\u1ebfp v\u1edbi c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb n\u00e0y v\u00e0 x\u1eed l\u00fd d\u1eef li\u1ec7u m\u00e0 ch\u00fang cung c\u1ea5p.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u0110\u1ec3 giao ti\u1ebfp v\u1edbi c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch tr\u01a1n tru, c\u00e1c k\u1ef9 s\u01b0 l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh nh\u00fang ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c, th\u00e0nh th\u1ea1o c\u00e1c thao t\u00e1c v\u1edbi ki\u1ebfn \u200b\u200btr\u00fac ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee9ng v\u00e0 ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng, k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng vi\u1ebft code t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c v\u1edbi c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Cac_vi_tri_cong_viec_lien_quan_den_lap_trinh_nhung_la_gi\"><\/span><b>C\u00e1c v\u1ecb tr\u00ed c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh nh\u00fang l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng nh\u00fang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed ti\u00eau d\u00f9ng, m\u00e1y m\u00f3c c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p, m\u00e1y bay, \u00f4 t\u00f4, thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb y t\u1ebf, m\u00e1y b\u00e1n h\u00e0ng t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng, m\u00e1y \u1ea3nh v\u00e0 thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 gia d\u1ee5ng n\u00ean c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ea5y c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i ngh\u1ec1 nghi\u1ec7p r\u1ea5t \u0111a d\u1ea1ng v\u00e0 bao ph\u1ee7. <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">D\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 ch\u00edn vai tr\u00f2 c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ea7u trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c n\u00e0y.<\/span><\/p>\n<blockquote><p><em>\u0110\u1ecdc th\u00eam: <a href=\"https:\/\/itviec.com\/blog\/5-ly-do-ban-nen-chon-embedded-software\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>5 l\u00fd do b\u1ea1n n\u00ean ch\u1ecdn Embedded Software<\/strong><\/a><\/em><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p><b>K\u1ef9 s\u01b0 y sinh (<\/b><b>Biomedical Engineer)<\/b><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">M\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c quan tr\u1ecdng nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng nh\u00fang li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf, ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n, s\u1eeda ch\u1eefa v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb y sinh.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">K\u1ef9 s\u01b0 y sinh ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 c\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n quy \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng c\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng. \u0110\u1ec3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh k\u1ef9 s\u01b0 y sinh, b\u1ea1n ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 \u00edt nh\u1ea5t b\u1eb1ng c\u1eed nh\u00e2n v\u00e0 hai n\u0103m kinh nghi\u1ec7m trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c n\u00e0y.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b>\u00a0Ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac s\u01b0 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng nh\u00fang (<\/b><b>Embedded Systems Architect)<\/b><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac s\u01b0 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng nh\u00fang thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf v\u00e0 tri\u1ec3n khai ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng nh\u00fang. <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">B\u1ea1n ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 kinh nghi\u1ec7m l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ee9ng minh trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m, thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng nh\u00fang v\u00e0 v\u1ec1 h\u1ec7 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh th\u1eddi gian th\u1ef1c \u0111a nhi\u1ec7m. <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd bao g\u1ed3m:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u0110\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">T\u00edch h\u1ee3p m\u00e3<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">X\u00e1c nh\u1eadn thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m m\u1edbi<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Duy tr\u00ec chu tr\u00ecnh ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng t\u1eeb thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u0111\u1ebfn g\u1ee1 l\u1ed7i.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><b>K\u1ef9 s\u01b0 ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m nh\u00fang (<\/b><b>Embedded Software Engineer)<\/b><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">K\u1ef9 s\u01b0 ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m nh\u00fang t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n v\u00e0 t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m cho c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb nh\u00fang, \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c s\u00e2u v\u1ec1 c\u1ea3 ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee9ng l\u1eabn ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m. H\u1ecd c\u1ed9ng t\u00e1c v\u1edbi kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng v\u00e0 h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh c\u00e1c ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean c\u00e1c th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt v\u1ec1 nhu c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c k\u1ef9 s\u01b0 nh\u00fang quan tr\u1ecdng nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ec3 xem x\u00e9t v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng sau khi tri\u1ec3n khai.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi vai tr\u00f2 c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c n\u00e0y, b\u1ea1n ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 k\u1ef9 n\u0103ng giao ti\u1ebfp v\u1edbi kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng, b\u1eb1ng c\u1ea5p chuy\u00ean m\u00f4n c\u0169ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 quan tr\u1ecdng b\u1ea1n c\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b>K\u1ef9 s\u01b0 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng nh\u00fang (Embedded Systems Engineer)<\/b><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">C\u00e1c k\u1ef9 s\u01b0 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng nh\u00fang \u0111\u00f3ng m\u1ed9t vai tr\u00f2 quan tr\u1ecdng trong vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf, th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m, s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng nh\u00fang. H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ki\u1ec3m tra nh\u1eb1m m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh v\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 ti\u1ec1m \u1ea9n, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi cung c\u1ea5p h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 \u1edf c\u1ea5p h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng khi l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c v\u1edbi c\u00e1c nh\u00f3m \u0111a ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng nh\u01b0 ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee9ng c\u01a1 kh\u00ed.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">K\u1ef9 s\u01b0 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng c\u1ea7n cung c\u1ea5p cho \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng kinh nghi\u1ec7m \u1edf c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ed9 chuy\u00ean gia trong vi\u1ec7c t\u00edch h\u1ee3p ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m v\u00e0 ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee9ng.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b>K\u1ef9 s\u01b0 ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m (Firmware Engineer)<\/b><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">K\u1ef9 s\u01b0 ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m t\u1ea1o ra ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh. B\u1ea1n c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf v\u00e0 tri\u1ec3n khai c\u00e1c thu\u1eadt to\u00e1n cho <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">firmware, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi b\u1ea1n c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u t\u1ea1o c\u00e1c t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 c\u00e1ch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng firmware.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">K\u1ef9 s\u01b0 n\u00e0y c\u0169ng ch\u1ecbu tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n firmware, bao g\u1ed3m m\u1ecdi th\u1ee9 t\u1eeb thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u0111\u1ebfn ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">B\u1ea1n ph\u1ea3i c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m hi\u1ec7n c\u00f3 d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean nhu c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng ty. \u0110\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c n\u00e0y, b\u1ea1n ph\u1ea3i xu\u1ea5t tr\u00ecnh b\u1eb1ng ch\u1ee9ng ch\u1ee9ng nh\u1eadn k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b>K\u1ef9 s\u01b0 ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee9ng (Hardware Engineer)<\/b><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">C\u00e1c k\u1ef9 s\u01b0 ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee9ng ch\u1ecbu tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111i\u1ec7n, nh\u01b0 b\u1ed1 tr\u00ed PCB (Printed Circuit Board) k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt s\u1ed1 t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 cao v\u00e0 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd nhi\u1ec7t, b\u00ean c\u1ea1nh vi\u1ec7c qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd ngu\u1ed3n \u0111i\u1ec7n.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">H\u1ecd ph\u1ea3i tri\u1ec3n khai c\u00e1c n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng \u0111i\u1ec7n to\u00e1n hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t cao v\u00e0 l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c v\u1edbi ph\u1ea7n s\u1ee5n c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c k\u1ef9 s\u01b0 c\u01a1 v\u00e0 k\u1ef9 s\u01b0 \u0111i\u1ec7n v\u1ec1 ki\u1ebfn \u200b\u200btr\u00fac h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n th\u1ef1c h\u00f3a th\u1ebf h\u1ec7 t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai c\u1ee7a gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng l\u00e1i xe t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng. B\u1ea1n ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 b\u1eb1ng c\u1eed nh\u00e2n trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c n\u00e0y.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b>K\u1ef9 s\u01b0 ki\u1ec3m tra ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee9ng (Hardware Test Engineer)<\/b><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">K\u1ef9 s\u01b0 ki\u1ec3m tra ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee9ng thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf, th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n v\u00e0 ki\u1ec3m tra h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee9ng. N\u1ebfu \u0111\u1ea3m nh\u1eadn vai tr\u00f2 n\u00e0y, b\u1ea1n ph\u1ea3i s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt ki\u1ec3m tra kh\u00e1c nhau v\u00e0 th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean xem x\u00e9t, ki\u1ec3m tra ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee9ng. Ngo\u00e0i ra, ng\u01b0\u1eddi k\u1ef9 s\u01b0 ph\u1ea3i ghi l\u1ea1i nh\u1eefng thay \u0111\u1ed5i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee9ng v\u00e0 c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 li\u00ean quan. H\u01a1n h\u1ebft, k\u1ef9 s\u01b0 ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c t\u1ef1 ch\u1ee7 v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 t\u1ed1t.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c n\u00e0y, b\u1ea1n ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 b\u1eb1ng c\u1eed nh\u00e2n khoa h\u1ecdc m\u00e1y t\u00ednh ho\u1eb7c m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c li\u00ean quan.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b>Nh\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng di \u0111\u1ed9ng (Mobile App Developer)<\/b><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">L\u00e0 nh\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng di \u0111\u1ed9ng, b\u1ea1n ch\u1ecbu tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m vi\u1ebft ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m cho ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee9ng tr\u00ean c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb di \u0111\u1ed9ng kh\u00e1c nhau. C\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c n\u00e0y y\u00eau c\u1ea7u b\u1eb1ng c\u1eed nh\u00e2n v\u00e0 kinh nghi\u1ec7m ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m s\u00e2u r\u1ed9ng. B\u1ea1n ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c r\u1ea5t ch\u1eb7t ch\u1ebd, linh ho\u1ea1t v\u1edbi nh\u00f3m ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n v\u00e0 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b>Nh\u00e0 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf b\u1ea3ng m\u1ea1ch in (Printed Circuit Board Designer)<\/b><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Nh\u00e0 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf PCB (Printed Circuit Board) ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n v\u00e0 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf c\u00e1c b\u1ea3ng m\u1ea1ch ph\u1ea3i t\u1ea1o v\u00e0 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf b\u1ea3n v\u1ebd cho c\u00e1c b\u1ea3ng m\u1ea1ch. H\u1ecd ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c v\u1edbi c\u00e1c nh\u00f3m l\u1edbn h\u01a1n \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra b\u1ea3ng m\u1ea1ch d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng ty. Y\u00eau c\u1ea7u ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng v\u1ec1 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m ho\u1eb7c c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u n\u0103m kinh nghi\u1ec7m thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf b\u1ea3ng m\u1ea1ch.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">N\u1ebfu \u0111\u1ea3m nh\u1eadn c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c n\u00e0y, b\u1ea1n ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c cho c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ty ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m v\u00e0 c\u00f3 k\u1ef9 n\u0103ng c\u1ed9ng t\u00e1c nh\u00f3m b\u00ean c\u1ea1nh kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Cau_hoi_ve_lap_trinh_nhung_la_gi_thuong_gap\"><\/span><b>C\u00e2u h\u1ecfi v\u1ec1 l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh nh\u00fang l\u00e0 g\u00ec <\/b><b>th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1eb7p<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<h3><b>Nh\u1eefng lo\u1ea1i c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 k\u1ef9 s\u01b0 l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh nh\u00fang l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/b><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">C\u00e1c k\u1ef9 s\u01b0 l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh nh\u00fang s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 kh\u00e1c nhau \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh v\u00e0 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf c\u00e1c gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p n\u00e0y.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Tr\u00ecnh so\u1ea1n th\u1ea3o s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 t\u1ea1o code trong C ho\u1eb7c C++.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Tr\u00ecnh bi\u00ean d\u1ecbch chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i code ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh c\u1ea5p cao th\u00e0nh code m\u00e1y c\u1ea5p th\u1ea5p.\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Tr\u00ecnh g\u1ee1 l\u1ed7i h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 c\u00e1c k\u1ef9 s\u01b0 l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh nh\u00fang ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n v\u00e0 s\u1eeda l\u1ed7i sai m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 v\u00e0 nhanh ch\u00f3ng.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Tr\u00ecnh li\u00ean k\u1ebft k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p c\u00e1c \u0111o\u1ea1n code v\u00e0 module \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ed9t ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh th\u1ef1c thi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Tr\u00ecnh m\u00f4 ph\u1ecfng cho ph\u00e9p k\u1ef9 s\u01b0 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng nh\u00fang ki\u1ec3m tra hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng m\u00f4 ph\u1ecfng th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf v\u00e0 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n tr\u1ea3i nghi\u1ec7m ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3><b>Nh\u1eefng th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c g\u1eb7p ph\u1ea3i trong ng\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m nh\u00fang?<\/b><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m nh\u00fang l\u00e0 c\u1ed1t l\u00f5i c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb <a href=\"https:\/\/itviec.com\/blog\/iot-la-gi\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">IoT<\/a> ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn v\u00e0 \u0111ang ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n nhanh ch\u00f3ng. Tuy nhi\u00ean, c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m nh\u00fang.<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">S\u1ef1 \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh: S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m nh\u00fang k\u00e9m ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 mang \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 \u0111e d\u1ecda nguy hi\u1ec3m \u0111\u1ebfn t\u00ednh m\u1ea1ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 l\u00fd do t\u1ea1i sao, b\u1ea1n c\u1ea7n ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn v\u00e0 trang b\u1ecb c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m nh\u00fang ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">S\u1ef1 an to\u00e0n: C\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb c\u00f3 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng nh\u00fang ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ed9 an to\u00e0n, v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh tr\u01a1n tru, h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 ph\u00e1t sinh v\u00e0 c\u00f3 ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n ho\u1eb7c s\u1eeda ch\u1eefa l\u1ed7i.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">B\u1ea3o v\u1ec7: Ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m nh\u00fang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 v\u00e0 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng di \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111\u00f3. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec3m ngh\u1ebdn trong c\u00e1c gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p nh\u00fang n\u00ean c\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng b\u1ecb chi\u1ebfm \u0111o\u1ea1t d\u1eef li\u1ec7u.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">B\u00ean c\u1ea1nh 3 th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c ch\u00ednh n\u00eau tr\u00ean, k\u1ef9 s\u01b0 l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh nh\u00fang c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tr\u1ea3i qua m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 th\u1eed th\u00e1ch kh\u00e1c nh\u01b0 chi ph\u00ed cao khi mua thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb v\u1edbi b\u1ed9 x\u1eed l\u00fd \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng, b\u1ed9 vi \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n; chi ph\u00ed t\u1ea1o m\u1eabu; \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p cao c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n c\u01a1 kh\u00ed; thu th\u1eadp d\u1eef li\u1ec7u trong th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi th\u1ef1c; chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c\u2026<\/span><\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Tong_ket_lap_trinh_nhung_la_gi\"><\/span><b>T\u1ed5ng k\u1ebft l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh nh\u00fang l\u00e0 g\u00ec<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">L\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh nh\u00fang n\u1eafm gi\u1eef vai tr\u00f2 quan tr\u1ecdng khi n\u1eb1m \u1edf trung t\u00e2m c\u1ee7a v\u00f4 s\u1ed1 thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb v\u00e0 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u00ecnh cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0y c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta, t\u1eeb b\u1ed9 \u0111i\u1ec1u nhi\u1ec7t th\u00f4ng minh, thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111eo \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cho \u0111\u1ebfn h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n \u00f4 t\u00f4 ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p v\u00e0 m\u00e1y m\u00f3c c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">L\u0129nh v\u1ef1c chuy\u00ean m\u00f4n n\u00e0y \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi s\u1ef1 k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed9c \u0111\u00e1o gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c k\u1ef9 n\u0103ng k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt, t\u00ednh s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ec3 v\u01b0\u1ee3t qua nh\u1eefng h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p c\u1ee7a ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee9ng, y\u00eau c\u1ea7u x\u1eed l\u00fd th\u1eddi gian th\u1ef1c v\u00e0 ngu\u1ed3n l\u1ef1c th\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1ecb h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf.<\/span><\/p>\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"sp-no-webp wp-image-5668 aligncenter sp-no-webp entered lazyloaded\" src=\"https:\/\/itviec.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/07\/Robby2.png\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" srcset=\"https:\/\/itviec.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/07\/Robby2.png 300w, https:\/\/itviec.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/07\/Robby2-200x200.png 200w, https:\/\/itviec.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/07\/Robby2-60x60.png 60w\" alt=\"robby-2\" width=\"300\" height=\"300\" data-lazy-src=\"https:\/\/itviec.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/07\/Robby2.png\" data-lazy-sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" data-lazy-srcset=\"https:\/\/itviec.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/07\/Robby2.png 300w, https:\/\/itviec.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/07\/Robby2-200x200.png 200w, https:\/\/itviec.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/07\/Robby2-60x60.png 60w\" data-ll-status=\"loaded\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<p id=\"block-bdf220a1-3635-4794-9101-81d879939b92\" class=\"has-text-align-center\" style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>B\u1ea1n th\u1ea5y b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft hay v\u00e0 h\u1eefu \u00edch? \u0110\u1eebng ng\u1ea1i Share v\u1edbi b\u1ea1n b\u00e8 v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed3ng nghi\u1ec7p nh\u00e9.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p id=\"block-a1315aab-406f-48df-97fc-6b9584e6e134\" class=\"has-text-align-center\" style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>V\u00e0 nhanh tay tham kh\u1ea3o\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/itviec.com\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m IT<\/a>\u00a0\u201cch\u1ea5t\u201d tr\u00ean ITviec<\/strong>!<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Ch\u1ea1m m\u1ed1c li\u00ean ti\u1ebfp doanh s\u1ed1 t\u1ef7 \u0111\u00f4 m\u1ed7i n\u0103m, l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh nh\u00fang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng ng\u00e0nh ngh\u1ec1 si\u00eau \u201chot\u201d trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c IT, c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u1ee7 s\u00f3ng lan r\u1ed9ng \u1edf m\u1ecdi l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c. T\u1ea1i Vi\u1ec7t Nam, v\u1ecb tr\u00ed n\u00e0y v\u1eabn c\u00f2n nhi\u1ec1u ti\u1ec1m n\u0103ng ch\u01b0a khai th\u00e1c tri\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ec3, [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":212,"featured_media":66620,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_gspb_post_css":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[109],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-66616","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-chuyen-mon-it"],"blocksy_meta":[],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v26.8 (Yoast SEO v27.8) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-premium-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>L\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh nh\u00fang l\u00e0 g\u00ec: C\u00f4ng c\u1ee5, k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt v\u00e0 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ea7n bi\u1ebft - ITviec Blog<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Tuy l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh nh\u00fang \u0111ang \u201chot\u201d nh\u01b0ng v\u1eabn c\u00f2n nhi\u1ec1u ti\u1ec1m n\u0103ng ch\u01b0a khai th\u00e1c \u1edf Vi\u1ec7t Nam. 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