{"id":26885,"date":"2023-04-21T12:11:13","date_gmt":"2023-04-21T05:11:13","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/itviec.com\/blog\/?p=26885"},"modified":"2023-07-04T09:28:35","modified_gmt":"2023-07-04T02:28:35","slug":"cpp-la-gi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/itviec.com\/blog\/cpp-la-gi\/","title":{"rendered":"C++ l\u00e0 g\u00ec: T\u1ed5ng quan v\u1ec1 C++ v\u00e0 Nh\u1eefng c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi C++ th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1eb7p"},"content":{"rendered":"<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_85 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-grey ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<div class=\"ez-toc-title-container\">\n<p class=\"ez-toc-title\" style=\"cursor:inherit\">N\u1ed9i dung b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft<\/p>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-title-toggle\"><a href=\"#\" class=\"ez-toc-pull-right ez-toc-btn ez-toc-btn-xs ez-toc-btn-default ez-toc-toggle\" aria-label=\"Toggle Table of Content\"><span class=\"ez-toc-js-icon-con\"><span class=\"\"><span class=\"eztoc-hide\" style=\"display:none;\">Toggle<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-icon-toggle-span\"><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" class=\"list-377408\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path d=\"M6 6H4v2h2V6zm14 0H8v2h12V6zM4 11h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2zM4 16h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" class=\"arrow-unsorted-368013\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"10px\" height=\"10px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" version=\"1.2\" baseProfile=\"tiny\"><path d=\"M18.2 9.3l-6.2-6.3-6.2 6.3c-.2.2-.3.4-.3.7s.1.5.3.7c.2.2.4.3.7.3h11c.3 0 .5-.1.7-.3.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7zM5.8 14.7l6.2 6.3 6.2-6.3c.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7c-.2-.2-.4-.3-.7-.3h-11c-.3 0-.5.1-.7.3-.2.2-.3.5-.3.7s.1.5.3.7z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/span><\/div>\n<nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 ' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/itviec.com\/blog\/cpp-la-gi\/#C_la_gi\" >C++ l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/itviec.com\/blog\/cpp-la-gi\/#6_ung_dung_pho_bien_cua_C\" >6 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a C++<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/itviec.com\/blog\/cpp-la-gi\/#6_uu_diem_cua_ngon_ngu_lap_trinh_C\" >6 \u01b0u \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh C++<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/itviec.com\/blog\/cpp-la-gi\/#10_C_compiler_mien_phi\" >10+ C++ compiler mi\u1ec5n ph\u00ed<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/itviec.com\/blog\/cpp-la-gi\/#Cu_phap_C_mau\" >C\u00fa ph\u00e1p C++ m\u1eabu<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-6\" href=\"https:\/\/itviec.com\/blog\/cpp-la-gi\/#So_sanh_C_va_C\" >So s\u00e1nh C v\u00e0 C++<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-7\" href=\"https:\/\/itviec.com\/blog\/cpp-la-gi\/#Nhung_luu_y_can_biet_truoc_khi_hoc_lap_trinh_C_la_gi\" >Nh\u1eefng l\u01b0u \u00fd c\u1ea7n bi\u1ebft tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi h\u1ecdc l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh C++ l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-8\" href=\"https:\/\/itviec.com\/blog\/cpp-la-gi\/#Tai_lieu_lap_trinh_C_nen_doc\" >T\u00e0i li\u1ec7u l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh C++ n\u00ean \u0111\u1ecdc<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-9\" href=\"https:\/\/itviec.com\/blog\/cpp-la-gi\/#Cac_cau_hoi_C_thuong_gap\" >C\u00e1c c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi C++ th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1eb7p<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-10\" href=\"https:\/\/itviec.com\/blog\/cpp-la-gi\/#Tong_ket\" >T\u1ed5ng k\u1ebft<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<p><b><i>C++ l\u00e0 g\u00ec? C++ l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng nhi\u1ec1u nh\u1ea5t trong gi\u1edbi l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh vi\u00ean, h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m b\u1ea1n \u0111ang s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng m\u1ed7i ng\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh b\u1edfi C++. B\u00e0i vi\u1ebft sau \u0111\u00e2y s\u1ebd gi\u00fap b\u1ea1n hi\u1ec3u m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch t\u1ed5ng quan v\u00e0 d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng v\u1ec1 ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh C++ c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea1n b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u h\u1ecdc ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef n\u00e0y.<\/i><\/b><\/p>\n<p><strong>B\u00e0i vi\u1ebft ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u01b0a c\u00f3 ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh n\u00f3i chung v\u00e0 mu\u1ed1n b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u h\u1ecdc l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh C++.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh \u1edf nh\u1eefng ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef kh\u00e1c, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 C, v\u00e0 mu\u1ed1n t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 nh\u1ea5t v\u1ec1 C++.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>\u0110\u1ecdc b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft sau \u0111\u1ec3 n\u1eafm r\u00f5 ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c v\u1ec1:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">T\u1ed5ng quan C++ l\u00e0 g\u00ec v\u00e0 c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ecdc hi\u1ec3u c\u00fa ph\u00e1p C++ c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n;<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">S\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c nhau v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 thi\u1ebfu t\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u00edch gi\u1eefa C v\u00e0 C++;<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u01b0a c\u00f3 kinh nghi\u1ec7m l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh n\u00ean b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u h\u1ecdc C++ nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o;<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">M\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a C++ \u1edf th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi v\u00e0 Vi\u1ec7t Nam.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Trong b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft c\u0169ng bao g\u1ed3m nh\u1eefng danh s\u00e1ch th\u00fa v\u1ecb v\u1ec1 C++ b\u1ea1n n\u00ean l\u01b0u l\u1ea1i:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Danh s\u00e1ch C++ compiler mi\u1ec5n ph\u00ed;<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Danh s\u00e1ch t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u C++ n\u00ean tham kh\u1ea3o (c\u1ea3 s\u00e1ch gi\u1ea5y v\u00e0 kh\u00f3a h\u1ecdc tr\u1ef1c tuy\u1ebfn).<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>B\u00e0i vi\u1ebft s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng nhi\u1ec1u ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chia s\u1ebb b\u1edfi:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.stroustrup.com\/index.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Bjarne Stroustrup<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> &#8211; Nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc m\u00e1y t\u00ednh ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0110an M\u1ea1ch, n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng nh\u1ea5t v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e1t minh v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh C++, hay n\u00f3i c\u00e1ch kh\u00e1c ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 \u201ccha \u0111\u1ebb&#8221; c\u1ee7a C++. \u00d4ng c\u0169ng l\u00e0 t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp c\u1ee7a nhi\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ea7u s\u00e1ch v\u1ec1 C++ t\u1eeb c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ebfn n\u00e2ng cao.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.informit.com\/authors\/bio\/03E38450-7C8A-495B-91CC-C824C5205FA5\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Marshall P. Cline<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> &#8211; Ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch C\u00f4ng ty MT Systems, chuy\u00ean ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng h\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng cho c\u00e1c t\u1eadp \u0111o\u00e0n l\u1edbn v\u00e0 t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a cu\u1ed1n s\u00e1ch \u201cC++ FAQs&#8221; (1995). \u00d4ng c\u0169ng d\u00e0nh nhi\u1ec1u th\u1eddi gian \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi v\u1ec1 C++ v\u00e0 b\u1ed5 sung ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c cho c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng C++ qua <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/isocpp.org\/faq\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Super FAQ<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"C_la_gi\"><\/span><b>C++ l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c ra m\u1eaft v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1985, C++ l\u00e0 ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh \u0111a n\u0103ng thi\u00ean v\u1ec1 l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng. C++ c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u1ea3 l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh b\u1eadc th\u1ea5p v\u00e0 b\u1eadc cao, n\u00ean C++ \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi l\u00e0 ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef b\u1eadc trung.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.stroustrup.com\/index.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Bjarne Stroustrup<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> &#8211; nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc m\u00e1y t\u00ednh v\u00e0 l\u00e0 t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh C++, chia s\u1ebb v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng t\u00ednh n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a C++ m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch kh\u00e1i qu\u00e1t:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">T\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh C nh\u01b0ng t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">H\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 tr\u1eebu t\u01b0\u1ee3ng h\u00f3a d\u1eef li\u1ec7u.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">H\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/itviec.com\/blog\/oop-la-gi\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh h\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">H\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh t\u1ed5ng qu\u00e1t.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"6_ung_dung_pho_bien_cua_C\"><\/span><b> 6 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a C++<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">L\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh t\u1ed5ng qu\u00e1t, C++ \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch nh\u01b0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n tr\u00ecnh duy\u1ec7t, h\u1ec7 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh v\u00e0 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng, c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh trong tr\u00f2 ch\u01a1i, c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m, c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac d\u1eef li\u1ec7u, v.v. V\u1eady th\u00ec nh\u1eefng \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng, l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a C++ l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/span><b><\/b><\/p>\n<h3><b>C\u00e1c h\u1ec7 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh:<\/b><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">C++ \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 quan tr\u1ecdng trong vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng, t\u1eeb MacOS v\u00e0 Windows cho \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh di \u0111\u1ed9ng nh\u01b0 iOS.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Nh\u00ecn chung, y\u00eau c\u1ea7u quan tr\u1ecdng nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh l\u00e0 ch\u00fang c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i nhanh v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 trong vi\u1ec7c qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng. V\u1edbi kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh b\u1eadc th\u1ea5p (g\u1ea7n v\u1edbi code m\u00e1y) c\u1ee7a C++, c\u00e1c developer c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac code c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m cho c\u00e1c chi ti\u1ebft nh\u1ecf nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh tr\u1edf n\u00ean nhanh v\u00e0 ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Ngo\u00e0i ra, h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m c\u1ee7a Microsoft nh\u01b0 Windows, Microsoft Office, IDE Visual Studio v\u00e0 Internet Explorer c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c vi\u1ebft b\u1eb1ng C++.<\/span><b><\/b><\/p>\n<h3><b>Game:<\/b><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Nh\u1edd kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd b\u1ed9 nh\u1edb, cung c\u1ea5p nhi\u1ec1u quy\u1ec1n ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t, t\u00ednh linh ho\u1ea1t n\u1ed5i b\u1eadt, ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh C++ ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean tr\u00f2 ch\u01a1i. C++ c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u1edbn th\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n tr\u00f2 ch\u01a1i, gi\u00fap c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n tr\u00f2 ch\u01a1i d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u00e1c tr\u00f2 ch\u01a1i c\u00f3 hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t cao.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Ch\u01b0a k\u1ec3, C++ c\u00f2n t\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u00edch v\u1edbi c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n game ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn nh\u01b0 <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/itviec.com\/blog\/unity-la-gi\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Unity<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> v\u00e0 <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/itviec.com\/blog\/unreal-engine-la-gi\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Unreal Engine<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.<\/span><b><\/b><\/p>\n<h3><b>\u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng giao di\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ed3 h\u1ecda ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng (GUI):<\/b><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">C++ c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng desktop v\u00e0 giao di\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ed3 h\u1ecda ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng. H\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a Adobe nh\u01b0 Photoshop, Illustrator, v.v. \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n b\u1eb1ng C++.<\/span><b><\/b><\/p>\n<h3><b>Tr\u00ecnh duy\u1ec7t web:<\/b><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">C++ ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 vi\u1ebft n\u00ean hai tr\u00ecnh duy\u1ec7t n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng l\u00e0 <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.google.com\/chrome\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Google Chrome<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> v\u00e0 <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.mozilla.org\/en-US\/firefox\/new\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Mozilla Firefox<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">. Mozilla c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng kh\u00e1c c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c vi\u1ebft b\u1eb1ng C++, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng email <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.thunderbird.net\/vi\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Mozilla Thunderbird<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Trong quy tr\u00ecnh ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n m\u1ed9t tr\u00ecnh duy\u1ec7t web, C++ c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n tr\u00ecnh duy\u1ec7t \u0111\u00f3, Chrome l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t v\u00ed d\u1ee5, v\u00e0 v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 tr\u00ecnh duy\u1ec7t kh\u00e1c, C++ \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 vi\u1ebft nh\u1eefng \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng t\u1ec7p, b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed3 l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh x\u1eed l\u00fd d\u1eef li\u1ec7u c\u1ee5m l\u1edbn.<\/span><b><\/b><\/p>\n<h3><b>H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng nh\u00fang:<\/b><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng nh\u00fang, C ho\u1eb7c C++ s\u1ebd l\u00e0 l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t. M\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n l\u00e0 do ch\u00fang l\u00e0 ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u201cbi\u00ean d\u1ecbch\u201d v\u00e0 c\u1ef1c k\u1ef3 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3. Khi d\u00f9ng c\u00e1c ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u00ean d\u1ecbch, m\u00e1y (ho\u1eb7c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb nh\u00fang) s\u1ebd tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh d\u1ecbch code, c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef n\u00e0y nhanh v\u00e0 \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">C\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb c\u00f3 b\u1ed9 nh\u1edb ho\u1eb7c ngu\u1ed3n t\u1ed1i thi\u1ec3u th\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1ebd c\u1ea7n m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t nh\u01b0 v\u1eady. V\u00ec v\u1eady, c\u00e1c l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh vi\u00ean th\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng C++ trong c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111\u00f3. C++ th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 vi \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n v\u00e0 trong c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb nh\u00fang c\u00f3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng h\u1ec7 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Nhi\u1ec1u h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng nh\u00fang y\u00eau c\u1ea7u ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh th\u00e2n thi\u1ec7n v\u1edbi ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee9ng h\u01a1n nh\u01b0 \u0111\u1ed3ng h\u1ed3 th\u00f4ng minh, h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb y t\u1ebf, v.v., \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n b\u1eb1ng C++.<\/span><b><\/b><\/p>\n<h3><b>\u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng:<\/b><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">H\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ec1u y\u00eau c\u1ea7u hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi, \u0111a lu\u1ed3ng, v\u00e0 cao n\u00ean C++ l\u00e0 l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh m\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ecbnh. Kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng m\u00e0 c\u00e1c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh v\u00e0 fintech c\u0169ng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng C++ trong nhi\u1ec1u n\u0103m \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m, h\u1ec7 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh v\u00e0 c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m kh\u00e1c c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.edgeverve.com\/finacle\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Infosys Finacle<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n b\u1eb1ng C++.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"6_uu_diem_cua_ngon_ngu_lap_trinh_C\"><\/span><b>6 \u01b0u \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh C++<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<h3><b>H\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng:<\/b><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">M\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng \u01b0u \u0111i\u1ec3m l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a C++ l\u00e0 t\u00ednh n\u0103ng l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh h\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng bao g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m nh\u01b0 l\u1edbp, k\u1ebf th\u1eeba, \u0111a h\u00ecnh, tr\u1eebu t\u01b0\u1ee3ng h\u00f3a d\u1eef li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 t\u00ednh \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3i cho ph\u00e9p kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u00e1i s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng code v\u00e0 l\u00e0m cho ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m \u0111\u00f3 tr\u1edf n\u00ean \u0111\u00e1ng tin c\u1eady h\u01a1n. T\u00ednh h\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u0169ng l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec3m kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t gi\u1eefa C v\u00e0 C++.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 v\u1eady, C++ c\u00f2n gi\u00fap ch\u00fang ta gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 trong th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi th\u1ef1c b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch xem d\u1eef li\u1ec7u l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">T\u00ednh n\u0103ng n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ea1o ra nhi\u1ec1u tri\u1ec3n v\u1ecdng vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 m\u1edbi. M\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 th\u1eadt th\u00fa v\u1ecb m\u00e0 ITviec mu\u1ed1n chia s\u1ebb v\u1edbi b\u1ea1n r\u1eb1ng C++ \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o ra b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p c\u00e1c t\u00ednh n\u0103ng kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 t\u1eeb C m\u00e0 c\u1ea3 Simula 67 &#8211; ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh h\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><b>T\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9:<\/b><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">N\u1ebfu t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi b\u1ea1n, C++ l\u00e0 l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn \u01b0u ti\u00ean nh\u1ea5t. Theo <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.geeksforgeeks.org\/top-10-fastest-programming-languages\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">GeeksforGeeks<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, C++ thu\u1ed9c top \u0111\u1ea7u nh\u1eefng ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh nhanh nh\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n nay. Th\u1eddi gian bi\u00ean d\u1ecbch v\u00e0 th\u1ef1c thi ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh C++ nhanh h\u01a1n nhi\u1ec1u so v\u1edbi h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh \u0111a n\u0103ng.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><b>Th\u00edch h\u1ee3p cho c\u00e1c d\u1ef1 \u00e1n l\u1edbn:<\/b><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh C++ ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi c\u00e1c d\u1ef1 \u00e1n l\u1edbn. Nhi\u1ec1u d\u1ef1 \u00e1n, bao g\u1ed3m tr\u00ecnh bi\u00ean d\u1ecbch, h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng l\u01b0u tr\u1eef \u0111\u00e1m m\u00e2y, c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u, ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n tr\u00f2 ch\u01a1i, thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed3 h\u1ecda, v.v., \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng b\u1eb1ng C++.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Nh\u1eefng d\u1ef1 \u00e1n h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh 3D th\u01b0\u1eddng y\u00eau c\u1ea7u ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u kh\u1ed5ng l\u1ed3 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 v\u00e0 C++ l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Ngo\u00e0i ra, nhi\u1ec1u \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng v\u00e0 ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m m\u00e0 b\u1ea1n s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean trong cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n b\u1eb1ng C++. V\u00ed d\u1ee5: <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.spotify.com\/vn-en\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Spotify<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, <\/span><a href=\"http:\/\/youtube.com\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Youtube<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.amazon.com\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Amazon<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">,&#8230;<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><b>T\u00ednh linh ho\u1ea1t:<\/b><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">B\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t linh ho\u1ea1t v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng th\u00edch \u1ee9ng cao l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nhi\u1ec1u l\u00fd do v\u00ec sao C++ v\u1eabn l\u00e0 ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn nh\u1ea5t d\u00f9 c\u00f3 \u201ctu\u1ed5i \u0111\u1eddi\u201d g\u1ea7n 40 n\u0103m. V\u00ec \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng nhi\u1ec1u trong su\u1ed1t 40 n\u0103m qua, C++ c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u00edch v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh kh\u00e1c c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 nhi\u1ec1u ng\u00e0nh ngh\u1ec1, l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><b>C\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng C++ h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 r\u1ed9ng l\u1edbn:<\/b><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">C++ l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef l\u00e2u \u0111\u1eddi v\u00e0 \u0111ang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh vi\u00ean tr\u00ean to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u, ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n v\u00e0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng n\u00ean C++ c\u00f3 c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 l\u1edbn v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec7t t\u00ecnh. C\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng r\u1ed9ng l\u1edbn c\u0169ng \u0111\u1ed3ng ngh\u0129a c\u00f3 r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh vi\u00ean v\u00e0 chuy\u00ean gia tr\u00ean c\u00e1c n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng kh\u00e1c nhau \u0111ang t\u1ea1o t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean cho C++.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 l\u1ee3i \u00edch r\u1ea5t l\u1edbn v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng ai \u0111ang h\u1ecdc C++ ho\u1eb7c c\u1ea7n b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 s\u1ef1 h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn, tr\u1ee3 gi\u00fap n\u00e0o trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><b>Th\u00e2n thi\u1ec7n v\u1edbi ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee9ng:<\/b><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">C++ th\u00e2n thi\u1ec7n v\u1edbi ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee9ng h\u01a1n h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh t\u1ed5ng qu\u00e1t do C++ c\u00f3 c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c t\u00ednh n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef b\u1eadc cao v\u00e0 b\u1eadc th\u1ea5p.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y l\u00e0m cho C++ r\u1ea5t h\u1eefu \u00edch trong nh\u1eefng l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c m\u00e0 ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee9ng v\u00e0 ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p ch\u1eb7t ch\u1ebd v\u1edbi nhau v\u00e0 c\u1ea7n h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m \u1edf c\u1ea5p th\u1ea5p nh\u01b0 \u0111\u1ed3ng h\u1ed3 th\u00f4ng minh, h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng GPS, m\u00e1y nghe nh\u1ea1c mp3,&#8230;<\/span><\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"10_C_compiler_mien_phi\"><\/span><b>10+ C++ compiler mi\u1ec5n ph\u00ed<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">N\u00f3i v\u1ec1 C++ compiler th\u00ec \u0111i\u1ec3m m\u1ea1nh l\u00e0 tr\u00ean th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u C++ compiler, v\u00e0 \u0111\u00f3 c\u0169ng ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec3m y\u1ebfu khi t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u v\u1ec1 C++ compiler. V\u1eady th\u00ec b\u00ed quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ecdn l\u1ef1a C++ compiler ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Theo \u201ccha \u0111\u1ebb&#8221; c\u1ee7a C++, Bjarne Stroustrup, ti\u00eau ch\u00ed l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ecdn C++ compiler l\u00e0 lu\u00f4n tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n: \u201cTr\u00e1nh b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 tr\u00ecnh bi\u00ean d\u1ecbch n\u00e0o kh\u00f4ng g\u1ea7n v\u1edbi ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n ISO ho\u1eb7c kh\u00f4ng h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 tri\u1ec3n khai th\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n chu\u1ea9n.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">C\u0169ng theo \u00f4ng c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt, sau \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 10+ C++ compiler mi\u1ec5n ph\u00ed b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00e2n nh\u1eafc:<\/span><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><a href=\"https:\/\/developer.apple.com\/xcode\/cpp\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Apple C++<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><a href=\"http:\/\/www.bloodshed.net\/devcpp.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Bloodshed Dev-C++<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><a href=\"http:\/\/clang.llvm.org\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Clang C++<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><a href=\"http:\/\/www.cygwin.com\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Cygwin (GNU C++)<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><a href=\"http:\/\/www.mentor.com\/embedded-software\/sourcery-tools\/sourcery-codebench\/lite-edition\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Mentor Graphics &#8211; Lite edition<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><a href=\"http:\/\/www.mingw.org\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">MINGW &#8211; &#8220;Minimalist GNU for Windows&#8221;<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><a href=\"http:\/\/gcc.gnu.org\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">GNU CC source<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><a href=\"http:\/\/www-03.ibm.com\/software\/products\/en\/ccompfami\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">IBM C++<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><a href=\"https:\/\/software.intel.com\/en-us\/forums\/intel-system-studio\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Intel C++<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><a href=\"https:\/\/visualstudio.microsoft.com\/downloads\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Microsoft Visual C++<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><a href=\"http:\/\/www.oracle.com\/technetwork\/server-storage\/solarisstudio\/overview\/index.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Oracle C++<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Cu_phap_C_mau\"><\/span><b> C\u00fa ph\u00e1p C++ m\u1eabu<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh Hello World l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a m\u1ecdi ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh. Sau \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh Hello World c\u1ee7a C++ \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea1n tham kh\u1ea3o:<\/span><\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p style=\"font-family: courier; text-align: left;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">#include &lt;iostream&gt;<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"font-family: courier; text-align: left;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">using namespace std;<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"font-family: courier; text-align: left;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">int<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> main() {<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"font-family: courier; text-align: left;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0\u00a0cout &lt;&lt; <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">&#8220;Hello World!&#8221;<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">;<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"font-family: courier; text-align: left;\"><span style=\"font-family: courier; font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0\u00a0<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">return<\/span> <span style=\"font-family: courier; font-weight: 400;\">0<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">;<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"font-family: courier; text-align: left;\"><span style=\"font-family: courier; font-weight: 400;\">}<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Theo <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.w3schools.com\/cpp\/cpp_syntax.asp\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">W3School<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, c\u00fa ph\u00e1p C++ c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch nh\u01b0 sau:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>D\u00f2ng 1:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> #include &lt;iostream&gt; l\u00e0 th\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n t\u1ec7p ti\u00eau \u0111\u1ec1 cho ph\u00e9p l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c v\u1edbi c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea7u ra, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 cout (\u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong d\u00f2ng 5). C\u00e1c t\u1ec7p ti\u00eau \u0111\u1ec1 th\u00eam ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng cho c\u00e1c ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh C++.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>D\u00f2ng 2: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng namespace std c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng t\u00ean cho c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 bi\u1ebfn t\u1eeb th\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n chu\u1ea9n.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><b><i>Th\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n chu\u1ea9n<\/i><\/b><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> l\u00e0 g\u00ec? Th\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n chu\u1ea9n, hay standard library, l\u00e0 t\u1eadp h\u1ee3p c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n (component) c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u00e1i s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng b\u1edfi nhi\u1ec1u ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh kh\u00e1c nhau. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 th\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n chu\u1ea9n C++ b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u01b0u l\u1ea1i: list, map, deque, vector, algorithm, iterator, string, regex, fstream, iostream, exception<\/span><\/i><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>D\u00f2ng 3:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t d\u00f2ng tr\u1ed1ng. Th\u1eadt ra th\u00ec C++ kh\u00f4ng ch\u00fa \u00fd \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c kho\u1ea3ng tr\u1eafng nh\u01b0ng ch\u00fang s\u1ebd gi\u00fap code c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n d\u1ec5 \u0111\u1ecdc h\u01a1n.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>D\u00f2ng 4:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> int main() ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 h\u00e0m main. \u0110\u00e2y c\u0169ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t d\u00f2ng lu\u00f4n xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n trong c\u00e1c ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh C++. B\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 d\u00f2ng code n\u00e0o trong d\u1ea5u ngo\u1eb7c nh\u1ecdn {} \u0111\u1ec1u s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c thi.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>D\u00f2ng 5:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> cout (ph\u00e1t \u00e2m l\u00e0 \u201csee out\u201d) l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi to\u00e1n t\u1eed ch\u00e8n v\u00e0o lu\u1ed3ng (&lt;&lt;) \u0111\u1ec3 xu\u1ea5t\/in v\u0103n b\u1ea3n. Trong v\u00ed d\u1ee5 n\u00e0y, v\u0103n b\u1ea3n s\u1ebd xu\u1ea5t ra l\u00e0 &#8220;Hello World!&#8221;.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>D\u00f2ng 6:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> return 0 k\u1ebft th\u00fac h\u00e0m main.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>D\u00f2ng 7:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> \u0110\u1eebng qu\u00ean \u0111\u00f3ng d\u1ea5u ngo\u1eb7c nh\u1ecdn } \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 k\u1ebft th\u00fac h\u00e0m main.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">M\u1ed9t v\u00e0i l\u01b0u \u00fd c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n khi l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh C++:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u0110\u1eebng qu\u00e1 lo l\u1eafng n\u1ebfu nh\u01b0 b\u1ea1n ch\u01b0a hi\u1ec3u c\u00e1ch d\u00f9ng v\u00e0 c\u00e1ch ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a #include &lt;iostream&gt; v\u00e0 namespace std. H\u00e3y c\u1ee9 ngh\u0129 nh\u01b0 \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n (g\u1ea7n nh\u01b0) lu\u00f4n xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n \u1edf m\u1ecdi ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh C++.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">M\u1ecdi c\u00e2u l\u1ec7nh C++ \u0111\u1ec1u k\u1ebft th\u00fac b\u1eb1ng d\u1ea5u ch\u1ea5m ph\u1ea9y ;<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Ph\u1ea7n th\u00e2n c\u1ee7a int main() c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c vi\u1ebft nh\u01b0 sau:<\/span>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">int main () { cout &lt;&lt; &#8220;Hello World! &#8220;; return 0; }<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">B\u1edfi v\u00ec tr\u00ecnh bi\u00ean d\u1ecbch s\u1ebd b\u1ecf qua kho\u1ea3ng tr\u1eafng. Tuy nhi\u00ean, t\u00e1ch d\u00f2ng s\u1ebd gi\u00fap code d\u1ec5 \u0111\u1ecdc h\u01a1n.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"So_sanh_C_va_C\"><\/span><b> So s\u00e1nh C v\u00e0 C++<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Theo t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a C++, C++ l\u00e0 \u201ch\u1eadu du\u1ec7\u201d tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp c\u1ee7a ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh C. C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ea5y, hai ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef n\u00e0y c\u00f3 m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 th\u00e2n thi\u1ebft nh\u01b0ng c\u0169ng c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u \u0111i\u1ec3m kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t. D\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng chia s\u1ebb c\u1ee7a Bjarne Stroustrup khi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ecfi v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t gi\u1eefa C v\u00e0 C++ c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 s\u1ef1 t\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u00edch c\u1ee7a hai ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0y:<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><b>S\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t gi\u1eefa C v\u00e0 C++ l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/b><\/h3>\n<p>C++ cung c\u1ea5p t\u00ednh n\u0103ng ki\u1ec3m tra ki\u1ec3u m\u1ea1nh h\u01a1n C v\u00e0 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp nhi\u1ec1u ki\u1ec3u l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh h\u01a1n C. Bjarne Stroustrup c\u0169ng chia s\u1ebb th\u00eam r\u1eb1ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3u C++ l\u00e0 &#8220;m\u1ed9t C t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n&#8221; theo ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 C++ h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 c\u00e1c ki\u1ec3u l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n b\u1eb1ng C v\u1edbi kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ki\u1ec3m tra ki\u1ec3u t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n v\u00e0 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 nhi\u1ec1u k\u00fd hi\u1ec7u h\u01a1n (gi\u1eef nguy\u00ean hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t).<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Sau \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 b\u1ea3ng so s\u00e1nh gi\u1eefa C v\u00e0 C++ do ch\u00ednh Bjarne Stroustrup t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p:<\/span><\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td><b>C<\/b><\/td>\n<td><b>C++<\/b><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">C l\u00e0 ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh th\u1ee7 t\u1ee5c<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">C++ l\u00e0 ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh h\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">D\u1eef li\u1ec7u kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt v\u1edbi C<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">D\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt v\u1edbi C++<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">C d\u00f9ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn Top Down<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">C++ d\u00f9ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn Bottom Up<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">V\u1edbi C, b\u1ea1n kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 cho hai h\u00e0m c\u00f3 c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t t\u00ean<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">V\u1edbi n\u1ea1p ch\u1ed3ng h\u00e0m (function overloading) trong C++, b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0a c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t t\u00ean cho 2 ho\u1eb7c nhi\u1ec1u h\u00e0m<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">scanf() v\u00e0 printf() \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng ri\u00eang bi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ec3 vi\u1ebft v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ecdc d\u1eef li\u1ec7u<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">cin v\u00e0 cout \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng ri\u00eang bi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ec3 vi\u1ebft v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ecdc d\u1eef li\u1ec7u<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">C d\u00f9ng t\u1ec7p ti\u00eau \u0111\u1ec1 &#8220;stdio.h&#8221; cho ph\u00e9p to\u00e1n \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea7u ra<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">C++ s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng t\u1ec7p ti\u00eau \u0111\u1ec1 &#8220;iostream.h&#8221; cho ph\u00e9p to\u00e1n \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea7u ra<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">C kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 h\u00e0m t\u1ea1o (constructors) v\u00e0 h\u00e0m h\u1ee7y (destructor)<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">C++ cung c\u1ea5p h\u00e0m t\u1ea1o (constructors) v\u00e0 h\u00e0m h\u1ee7y (destructor)<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">H\u00e0m n\u1ed9i tuy\u1ebfn (inline function) c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng \u1edf m\u1ee9c m\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c macro<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">H\u00e0m n\u1ed9i tuy\u1ebfn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 b\u1edfi C++<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h3><b>C c\u00f3 ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 t\u1eadp con c\u1ee7a C++?<\/b><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">N\u1ebfu x\u00e9t theo nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc to\u00e1n h\u1ecdc m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch nghi\u00eam t\u00fac, <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">C kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 t\u1eadp con c\u1ee7a C++<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">. B\u1eb1ng ch\u1ee9ng l\u00e0 c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m theo chu\u1ea9n C nh\u01b0ng l\u1ea1i kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ea1t chu\u1ea9n C++ v\u00e0 c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng c\u00e1ch vi\u1ebft code mang \u00fd ngh\u0129a kh\u00e1c nhau trong ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef C v\u00e0 C++. T\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, C++ gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u nhi\u1ec1u t\u00ednh n\u0103ng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 trong C v\u00e0 trong th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf, h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 code \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c vi\u1ebft b\u1eb1ng C++ \u0111\u1ec1u kh\u00f4ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u00edch v\u1edbi ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef C.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Tuy nhi\u00ean, C++ h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 m\u1ecdi k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh m\u00e0 C h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a, m\u1ecdi ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh C \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u1ea7n nh\u01b0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c vi\u1ebft gi\u1ed1ng c\u00e1ch v\u1edbi C++, v\u1edbi c\u00f9ng th\u1eddi gian ch\u1ea1y v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">S\u1ef1 thi\u1ebfu t\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u00edch gi\u1eefa C v\u00e0 C++ l\u00e0 g\u00ec? Sau \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 v\u00ed d\u1ee5 v\u1ec1 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 thi\u1ebfu t\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u00edch gi\u1eefa C v\u00e0 C++:<\/span><\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p style=\"font-family: courier; text-align: left;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">int main()<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"font-family: courier; text-align: left;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">{<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"font-family: courier; text-align: left;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">double sq2 = sqrt(2); \u00a0 \/* Kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i C++: g\u1ecdi h\u00e0m ch\u01b0a khai b\u00e1o *\/<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"font-family: courier; text-align: left;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">int s = sizeof(&#8216;a&#8217;);\u00a0 \u00a0 \/* kh\u00e1c: 1 trong C++ sizeof(int) trong C *\/<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"font-family: courier; text-align: left;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">}<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">G\u1ecdi h\u00e0m ch\u01b0a khai b\u00e1o l\u00e0 c\u00e1ch l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh C kh\u00e1 t\u1ec7 v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng h\u1ee3p l\u1ec7 v\u1edbi C++. Ch\u00ednh v\u00ec th\u1ebf, truy\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ed1i s\u1ed1 cho m\u1ed9t h\u00e0m b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng khai b\u00e1o kh\u00f4ng li\u1ec7t k\u00ea c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ed1i s\u1ed1:<\/span><\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p style=\"font-family: courier; text-align: left;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0void f();\u00a0 \u00a0 \/* kh\u00f4ng nh\u1eafc \u0111\u1ebfn lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ed1i s\u1ed1 *\/<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"font-family: courier; text-align: left;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0void g()<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"font-family: courier; text-align: left;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0{<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"font-family: courier; text-align: left;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/span> <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> f(2);\u00a0 \u00a0 \/* l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh C t\u1ec7. Kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i C++ *\/<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"font-family: courier; text-align: left;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0}<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Trong C, con tr\u1ecf void (void*) c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i ng\u1ea7m \u0111\u1ecbnh th\u00e0nh b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 lo\u1ea1i con tr\u1ecf n\u00e0o v\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c c\u1ea5p ph\u00e1t l\u01b0u tr\u1eef mi\u1ec5n ph\u00ed th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng malloc() nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 c\u00e1ch n\u00e0o ki\u1ec3m tra xem c\u00f3 &#8220;\u0111\u1ee7&#8221; b\u1ed9 nh\u1edb \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u hay kh\u00f4ng:<\/span><\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p style=\"font-family: courier; text-align: left;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">void* malloc(size_t);<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"font-family: courier; text-align: left;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">void f(int n)<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"font-family: courier; text-align: left;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">{<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"font-family: courier; text-align: left;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">int* p = malloc(n*sizeof(char));\u00a0 \/* kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i C++. Trong C++, ph\u00e2n b\u1ed5 d\u00f9ng \u2018new&#8217; *\/<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"font-family: courier; text-align: left;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">char c;<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"font-family: courier; text-align: left;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">void* pv = &amp;c;<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"font-family: courier; text-align: left;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">int* pi = pv; \u00a0 \/* chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i ng\u1ea7m \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a void* th\u00e0nh int*. Kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i trong C++ *\/<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"font-family: courier; text-align: left;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">}<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Khi chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i t\u1eeb C th\u00e0nh C++, h\u00e3y l\u01b0u \u00fd r\u1eb1ng C++ c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u t\u1eeb kh\u00f3a h\u01a1n C:<\/span><\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p style=\"font-family: courier; text-align: left;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">int class = 2;\u00a0 \u00a0 \/* \u1ed5n v\u1edbi C. L\u1ed7i c\u00fa ph\u00e1p v\u1edbi C++ *\/<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"font-family: courier; text-align: left;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">int virtual = 3;\u00a0 \/* \u1ed5n v\u1edbi C. L\u1ed7i c\u00fa ph\u00e1p v\u1edbi C++ *\/<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h3><b>C v\u00e0 C++ c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ee3p nh\u1ea5t th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef duy nh\u1ea5t kh\u00f4ng?<\/b><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u0110\u1ec3 C v\u00e0 C++ c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 h\u1ee3p nh\u1ea5t th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef duy nh\u1ea5t, nh\u1eefng v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 kh\u00f4ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u00edch gi\u1eefa C v\u00e0 C++ c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch c\u00f3 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n, c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng s\u1ef1 kh\u00f4ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u00edch m\u1edbi xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai. Tuy nhi\u00ean, v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 n\u00e0y c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 thi hay kh\u00f4ng l\u1ea1i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n kh\u00e1c.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Theo \u0111\u00f3, Bjarne Stroustrup chia s\u1ebb r\u1eb1ng:<\/span><\/p>\n<blockquote><p><em><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u201cS\u1ef1 thi\u1ebfu t\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u00edch gi\u1eefa C v\u00e0 C++ kh\u00f4ng mang l\u1ea1i l\u1ee3i \u00edch n\u00e0o cho c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng tr\u00ean di\u1ec7n r\u1ed9ng, th\u1eadm ch\u00ed c\u00f2n mang \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ed1 \u0111\u00f4ng c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh vi\u00ean C\/C++. S\u1ef1 thi\u1ebfu t\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u00edch n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf, v\u1edbi r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n.<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n<p><em><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">T\u00f4i t\u01b0\u1edfng t\u01b0\u1ee3ng r\u1eb1ng n\u1ebfu s\u1ef1 kh\u00f4ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u00edch n\u00e0y m\u1ea5t \u0111i (b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch thay \u0111\u1ed5i c\u1ea3 C v\u00e0 C++), th\u1eadt ra ch\u00fang v\u1eabn s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 C v\u00e0 C++, nh\u01b0ng l\u00fac \u0111\u00f3 th\u00ec C s\u1ebd th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh t\u1eadp con c\u1ee7a C++.\u201d<\/span><\/em><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Trong m\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u01a1ng quan n\u00e0y, m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec3m th\u00fa v\u1ecb l\u00e0 c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n cho hai ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef n\u00e0y (ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 IDE v\u00e0 tr\u00ecnh bi\u00ean d\u1ecbch) th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00edch h\u1ee3p v\u00e0o th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m duy nh\u1ea5t, v\u00e0 l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh vi\u00ean c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ecbnh C ho\u1eb7c C++ l\u00e0m ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef ngu\u1ed3n c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Nhung_luu_y_can_biet_truoc_khi_hoc_lap_trinh_C_la_gi\"><\/span><b>Nh\u1eefng l\u01b0u \u00fd c\u1ea7n bi\u1ebft tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi h\u1ecdc l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh C++ l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<h3><b>C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 h\u1ecdc C++ khi kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh C kh\u00f4ng?<\/b><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">B\u1ea1n <strong>c\u00f3 th\u1ec3<\/strong> h\u1ecdc C++ khi kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh C.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Nh\u01b0 \u0111\u00e3 chia s\u1ebb \u1edf m\u1ee5c tr\u01b0\u1edbc, tuy c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u \u0111i\u1ec3m chung v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t c\u00fa ph\u00e1p nh\u01b0ng <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">C v\u00e0 C++ l\u00e0 hai ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh kh\u00e1c nhau<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">. B\u1ea1n kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i h\u1ecdc C tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi h\u1ecdc C++.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><b>H\u1ecdc C++ m\u1ea5t bao l\u00e2u?<\/b><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Th\u1eddi gian h\u1ecdc C++ c\u00f2n t\u00f9y thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o nhi\u1ec1u y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1. N\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n \u0111\u00e3 m\u1ed9t l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh vi\u00ean C, b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 h\u1ecdc c\u00e1c ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c C++ c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh C\/C++ trong m\u1ed9t ng\u00e0y. N\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c v\u1ec1 l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh v\u00e0 b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch h\u1ecdc l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh C++ c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3, v\u00ed d\u1ee5 nh\u01b0 \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng v\u1edbi C++, b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ec9 c\u1ea7n h\u1ecdc m\u1ed9t kh\u00f3a ng\u1eafn h\u1ea1n \u0111\u00fang v\u1edbi m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch \u0111\u00f3.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">C\u00f2n n\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1edbi, ch\u01b0a bi\u1ebft g\u00ec v\u1ec1 l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh, th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc s\u1ebd d\u1ea1y \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 c\u00e1c ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c t\u1eeb n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng C++ v\u00e0 c\u00e1c k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 (nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh h\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh t\u1ed5ng qu\u00e1t) trong v\u00f2ng t\u1eeb 1 \u0111\u1ebfn 2 n\u0103m h\u1ecdc.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">C\u0169ng trong ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 v\u1ec1 th\u1eddi gian h\u1ecdc C++, <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.informit.com\/authors\/bio\/03E38450-7C8A-495B-91CC-C824C5205FA5\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Marshall P. Cline<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> &#8211; Ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch C\u00f4ng ty MT Systems, chuy\u00ean ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng h\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng cho c\u00e1c t\u1eadp \u0111o\u00e0n l\u1edbn v\u00e0 t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a cu\u1ed1n s\u00e1ch \u201cC++ FAQs&#8221; (1995), cho r\u1eb1ng:<\/span><\/p>\n<blockquote><p><em><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u201cC\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ty b\u00e1n kh\u00f3a h\u1ecdc c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1ea1y b\u1ea1n <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">c\u00e1c kh\u00f3a h\u1ecdc ng\u1eafn h\u1ea1n<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> m\u00e0 \u1edf \u0111\u00f3, ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c cho c\u1ea3 m\u1ed9t h\u1ecdc k\u1ef3 \u1edf \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u00e9n ch\u1ec9 c\u00f2n b\u1eb1ng th\u1eddi gian <\/span><b>m\u1ed9t tu\u1ea7n l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c 40 gi\u1edd<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">. Nh\u01b0ng b\u1ea5t k\u1ec3 b\u1ea1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o \u1edf \u0111\u00e2u, h\u00e3y \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng b\u1ea1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh \u1edf kh\u00f3a h\u1ecdc \u0111\u00f3, v\u00ec \u0111a ph\u1ea7n c\u00e1ch h\u1ecdc t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 n\u00ean \u0111i k\u00e8m c\u00e1c d\u1ef1 \u00e1n th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf. Nh\u01b0ng ngay c\u1ea3 khi b\u1ea1n \u0111\u00e3 ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh c\u00e1c kh\u00f3a h\u1ecdc ng\u1eafn h\u1ea1n, b\u1ea1n v\u1eabn ch\u01b0a s\u1eb5n s\u00e0ng \u0111\u00e2u.<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n<p><em><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">B\u1ea1n ph\u1ea3i m\u1ea5t <\/span><b>6-12 th\u00e1ng<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> \u0111\u1ec3 th\u00e0nh th\u1ea1o C++, nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 khi b\u1ea1n ch\u01b0a t\u1eebng l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh h\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng ho\u1eb7c l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh t\u1ed5ng qu\u00e1t tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y. Nh\u1eefng ai c\u00f3 c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp t\u1eeb m\u1ed9t chuy\u00ean gia th\u00ec s\u1ebd m\u1ea5t \u00edt th\u1eddi gian h\u01a1n. V\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh chuy\u00ean gia C++, b\u1ea1n ph\u1ea3i m\u1ea5t kho\u1ea3ng <\/span><b>3 n\u0103m<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.\u201d<\/span><\/em><b><\/b><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<h3><b>N\u00ean chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb g\u00ec khi b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u h\u1ecdc C++?<\/b><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Vi\u1ec7c b\u1ea1n n\u00ean b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u h\u1ecdc C++ nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o c\u00f2n ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u v\u00e0o ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c s\u1eb5n c\u00f3 v\u00e0 l\u00fd do h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">N\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1edbi l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh, b\u1ea1n n\u00ean t\u00ecm m\u1ed9t l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh vi\u00ean c\u00f3 kinh nghi\u1ec7m \u0111\u1ec3 \u201ck\u00e8m&#8221; b\u1ea1n. V\u00ec nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf, b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m th\u1eddi gian ch\u1eadt v\u1eadt, c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng qu\u00e1 th\u1ea5t v\u1ecdng, v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 kh\u00f3 tr\u00e1nh kh\u1ecfi v\u1ec1 kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef v\u00e0 c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf khi tri\u1ec3n khai.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Ti\u1ebfp theo, b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd c\u1ea7n m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed1n \u201cs\u00e1ch gi\u00e1o khoa\u201d \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ecdc C++, k\u1ec3 c\u1ea3 khi k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt m\u00e0 b\u1ea1n mu\u1ed1n h\u1ecdc c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u documentation tr\u1ef1c tuy\u1ebfn.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">L\u00fd do l\u00e0 v\u00ec b\u1ea1n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1edbi, b\u1ea1n c\u1ea7n hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 ng\u1ecdn ng\u00e0nh v\u1ec1 c\u00e1ch m\u1ecdi th\u1ee9 di\u1ec5n ra v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng g\u00ec b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 mong \u0111\u1ee3i, ho\u1eb7c kh\u00f4ng mong \u0111\u1ee3i, \u1edf m\u1ed9t ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh v\u00e0 s\u00e1ch ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 n\u01a1i cung c\u1ea5p ngu\u1ed3n ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n \u0111\u00f3. B\u1ea1n n\u00ean b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch h\u1ecdc v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m v\u00e0 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh n\u00f3i chung tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi h\u1ecdc chi ti\u1ebft v\u1ec1 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt code.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Sau khi \u0111\u00e3 hi\u1ec3u v\u1ec1 l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh n\u00f3i chung, b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 h\u1ecdc s\u00e2u h\u01a1n v\u1ec1 C++ th\u00f4ng qua documentation c\u1ee7a th\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n v\u1edbi v\u00ed d\u1ee5 v\u1ec1 c\u00e1ch vi\u1ebft code.<\/span><b><\/b><\/p>\n<h3><b>T\u00f3m t\u1eaft v\u1ec1 h\u1ecdc l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh C++:<\/b><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">T\u00f3m t\u1eaft l\u1ea1i, c\u00f3 hai \u0111i\u1ec1u b\u1ea1n chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u h\u1ecdc C++:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb 2 cu\u1ed1n s\u00e1ch: M\u1ed9t cu\u1ed1n s\u00e1ch v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng g\u00ec n\u00ean l\u00e0m theo m\u1eb7t k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt, m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed1n s\u00e1ch v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng g\u00ec n\u00ean l\u00e0m theo m\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">C\u00f3 m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh vi\u00ean kinh nghi\u1ec7m \u0111\u1ec3 k\u00e8m b\u1ea1n h\u1ecdc, gi\u1ea3i \u0111\u00e1p th\u1eafc m\u1eafc v\u00e0 h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn b\u1ea1n th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Theo \u0111\u00f3, c\u00f3 hai \u0111i\u1ec1u b\u1ea1n kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u h\u1ecdc C++:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">B\u1ea1n kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i h\u1ecdc ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh C.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">C\u0169ng nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, b\u1ea1n c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i h\u1ecdc Objective-C.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Tai_lieu_lap_trinh_C_nen_doc\"><\/span><b>T\u00e0i li\u1ec7u l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh C++ n\u00ean \u0111\u1ecdc<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Theo l\u1eddi chia s\u1ebb c\u1ee7a Bjarne Stroustrup, b\u1ea1n n\u00ean c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed1n s\u00e1ch t\u1ed1t \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u h\u1ecdc C++, sau \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 danh s\u00e1ch nh\u1eefng cu\u1ed1n s\u00e1ch do ch\u00ednh Bjarne Stroustrup bi\u00ean so\u1ea1n v\u1edbi c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ed9 cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1edbi b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh C++ m\u00e0 b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tham kh\u1ea3o:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.stroustrup.com\/programming.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Programming &#8212; Principles and Practice Using C++<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> l\u00e0 \u201cc\u1eeda ng\u00f5&#8221; d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh C++ d\u00e0nh cho nh\u1eefng ai ch\u01b0a bao gi\u1edd l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y. Cu\u1ed1n s\u00e1ch n\u00e0y c\u0169ng s\u1ebd h\u1eefu \u00edch cho nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh \u1edf m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 v\u00f4 c\u00f9ng c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n v\u00e0 mu\u1ed1n c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n phong c\u00e1ch v\u00e0 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd. \u0110\u00e2y c\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem l\u00e0 \u201cs\u00e1ch gi\u00e1o khoa&#8221; v\u1ec1 C++ \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong l\u1edbp h\u1ecdc, v\u00e0 c\u0169ng ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch t\u1ef1 h\u1ecdc.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><a href=\"https:\/\/isocpp.org\/tour\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">A Tour of C++<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed1n s\u00e1ch ng\u1eafn, v\u1edbi kho\u1ea3ng 180 trang, h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn nhanh v\u00e0 t\u1ed5ng quan v\u1ec1 C++ l\u00e0 g\u00ec m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n (bao g\u1ed3m c\u1ea3 ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh v\u00e0 th\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n chu\u1ea9n) \u1edf m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 cao v\u1eeba ph\u1ea3i d\u00e0nh cho nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 bi\u1ebft C++ ho\u1eb7c \u00edt nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh vi\u00ean c\u00f3 kinh nghi\u1ec7m.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.stroustrup.com\/4th.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The C++ Programming Language (Fourth Edition)<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, hay c\u00f2n g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 TC++PL4, ho\u00e0n ch\u1ec9nh m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c t\u00ednh n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a C++, c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n th\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n chu\u1ea9n c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh v\u00e0 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf m\u00e0 C++ h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Ngo\u00e0i ra, n\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n mu\u1ed1n t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm m\u1ed9t v\u00e0i kh\u00f3a h\u1ecdc C++ ng\u1eafn h\u1ea1n tr\u1ef1c tuy\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng theo h\u1ecdc ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi th\u1eddi gian c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n, ITviec \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p l\u1ea1i 11 kh\u00f3a h\u1ecdc <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/itviec.com\/blog\/lap-trinh-c\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh C++<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> mi\u1ec5n ph\u00ed v\u00e0 \u201cch\u1ea5t&#8221; nh\u1ea5t t\u1eeb c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ebfn n\u00e2ng cao, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt m\u1ed7i n\u0103m, m\u00e0 b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u0103ng k\u00fd h\u1ecdc ngay h\u00f4m nay.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Cac_cau_hoi_C_thuong_gap\"><\/span><b>C\u00e1c c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi C++ th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1eb7p<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<h3><b>V\u00ec sao C++ h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 vi ph\u1ea1m c\u00e1c quy t\u1eafc v\u1ec1 an to\u00e0n ki\u1ec3u t\u0129nh (th\u1eddi gian bi\u00ean d\u1ecbch)?<\/b><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Khi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ecfi l\u00fd do v\u00ec sao C++ l\u1ea1i h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 vi ph\u1ea1m c\u00e1c quy t\u1eafc v\u1ec1 an to\u00e0n ki\u1ec3u t\u0129nh (th\u1eddi gian bi\u00ean d\u1ecbch), Bjarne Stroustrup tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng l\u00fd do sau:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u0110\u1ec3 truy c\u1eadp ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee9ng tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp (v\u00ed d\u1ee5: coi m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 nguy\u00ean l\u00e0 con tr\u1ecf t\u1edbi (\u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 c\u1ee7a) thanh ghi thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb).<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u0110\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t dung l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 th\u1eddi gian ch\u1ea1y t\u1ed1i \u01b0u (v\u00ed d\u1ee5: quy\u1ec1n truy c\u1eadp kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ki\u1ec3m tra v\u00e0o c\u00e1c ph\u1ea7n t\u1eed c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t m\u1ea3ng v\u00e0 quy\u1ec1n truy c\u1eadp kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ki\u1ec3m tra v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng th\u00f4ng qua m\u1ed9t con tr\u1ecf).<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u0110\u1ec3 t\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u00edch v\u1edbi C.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Theo \u0111\u00f3, n\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t trong ba t\u00ednh n\u0103ng k\u1ec3 tr\u00ean, \u00f4ng chia s\u1ebb v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c c\u00e1ch tr\u00e1nh unsafe code trong C++:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Kh\u00f4ng \u00e9p ki\u1ec3u (casting).<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Kh\u00f4ng d\u00f9ng c\u00e1c m\u1ea3ng [] ki\u1ec3u C ngo\u00e0i giao di\u1ec7n.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Tr\u00e1nh void*.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Tr\u00e1nh ki\u1ec3u d\u1eef li\u1ec7u union.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">N\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n nghi ng\u1edd v\u1ec1 t\u00ednh h\u1ee3p l\u1ec7 c\u1ee7a con tr\u1ecf, h\u00e3y s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng SmartPointer \u0111\u1ec3 thay th\u1ebf.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Kh\u00f4ng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c h\u00e0m variadic ki\u1ec3u &#8230; (\u201cki\u1ec3u printf\u201d).<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Tr\u00e1nh c\u00e1c macro ngo\u1ea1i tr\u1eeb #include guard.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">H\u1ea7u nh\u01b0 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 code C++ \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tu\u00e2n theo c\u00e1c quy t\u1eafc \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n n\u00e0y. N\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n vi\u1ebft code C ho\u1eb7c code ki\u1ec3u C trong C++, b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 tu\u00e2n theo c\u00e1c quy t\u1eafc k\u1ec3 tr\u00ean.<\/span><b><\/b><\/p>\n<h3><b>M\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a C++ \u0111ang gi\u1ea3m d\u1ea7n?<\/b><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">V\u1ec1 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 n\u00e0y, \u00f4ng Bjarne Stroustrup chia s\u1ebb r\u1eb1ng m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh C++ c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3m \u1edf m\u1ed9t v\u00e0i l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c v\u00e0 t\u0103ng \u1edf m\u1ed9t v\u00e0i l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c kh\u00e1c.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00d4ng chia s\u1ebb th\u00eam, ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng C++ l\u00e0m trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c c\u01a1 s\u1edf h\u1ea1 t\u1ea7ng, l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng, h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng nh\u00fang v\u00e0 c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec1 cao vi\u1ec7c h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf ti\u00eau th\u1ee5 th\u1eddi gian v\u00e0\/ho\u1eb7c kh\u00f4ng gian v\u00e0\/ho\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec7n n\u0103ng. \u00d4ng cho r\u1eb1ng ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef n\u00e0y v\u1eabn c\u00f3 v\u1ecb tr\u00ed v\u1eefng ch\u1eafc trong c\u00e1c l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c c\u1ed1t l\u00f5i truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Theo \u0111\u00f3, <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/survey.stackoverflow.co\/2022\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">StackOverflow Survey 2022<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ec9 ra r\u1eb1ng c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ebfn 20,17% l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh vi\u00ean chuy\u00ean nghi\u1ec7p tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi r\u1eb1ng C++ v\u1eabn l\u00e0 ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef h\u1ecd s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng v\u00e0 35% ng\u01b0\u1eddi tham gia kh\u1ea3o s\u00e1t c\u00f3 mong mu\u1ed1n h\u1ecdc C++ trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai. <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/itviec.com\/blog\/bao-cao-luong-it\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">B\u00e1o c\u00e1o L\u01b0\u01a1ng IT 2022 &#8211; 2023<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> do ITviec ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh kh\u1ea3o s\u00e1t c\u0169ng cho th\u1ea5y r\u1eb1ng C++ thu\u1ed9c top 10 ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ch\u00ednh t\u1ea1i Vi\u1ec7t Nam.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">V\u00e0o n\u0103m 2014, <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/blog.jetbrains.com\/clion\/2015\/07\/infographics-cpp-facts-before-clion\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">JetBrain<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> \u0111\u00e3 b\u00e1o c\u00e1o r\u1eb1ng tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ebfn 4.4 tri\u1ec7u l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh vi\u00ean C++ v\u00e0 con s\u1ed1 n\u00e0y v\u00e0o Qu\u00fd I n\u0103m 2022 \u0111\u00e3 t\u0103ng l\u00ean 5.4 tri\u1ec7u l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh vi\u00ean C++, theo <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.slashdata.co\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">SlashData<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><b>Th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng tuy\u1ec3n d\u1ee5ng vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m C++ \u1edf Vi\u1ec7t Nam?<\/b><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">V\u00e0o \u0111\u1ea7u n\u0103m 2023, ITviec \u0111\u00e3 ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh kh\u1ea3o s\u00e1t <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/itviec.com\/blog\/xu-huong-tuyen-dung-it-2023\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">xu h\u01b0\u1edbng tuy\u1ec3n d\u1ee5ng IT<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> \u1edf Vi\u1ec7t Nam n\u0103m 2023 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nh\u00e0 tuy\u1ec3n d\u1ee5ng v\u00e0 k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 ch\u1ec9 ra r\u1eb1ng C++ thu\u1ed9c top 10 nh\u1eefng ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh mu\u1ed1n tuy\u1ec3n d\u1ee5ng nhi\u1ec1u nh\u1ea5t trong n\u0103m 2023.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">K\u1ebft h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi <a href=\"https:\/\/itviec.com\/blog\/bao-cao-luong-it\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">B\u00e1o c\u00e1o L\u01b0\u01a1ng IT 2022 &#8211; 2023<\/a> do ITviec ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh kh\u1ea3o s\u00e1t, m\u1ee9c l\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u1ee7a l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh vi\u00ean C++ ph\u1ea3n \u00e1nh m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 s\u1eb5n s\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 tuy\u1ec3n d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 tuy\u1ec3n d\u1ee5ng nh\u00e2n t\u00e0i IT l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh C++ nh\u01b0 sau:<\/span><\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td><b>S\u1ed1 n\u0103m kinh nghi\u1ec7m<\/b><\/td>\n<td><b>M\u1ee9c l\u01b0\u01a1ng C++ t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng<\/b><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">D\u01b0\u1edbi 1 n\u0103m<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">11 tri\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ed3ng<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">T\u1eeb 3 n\u0103m \u0111\u1ebfn d\u01b0\u1edbi 5 n\u0103m<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">23 tri\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ed3ng<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">T\u1eeb 5 n\u0103m \u0111\u1ebfn 8 n\u0103m<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">37 tri\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ed3ng<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Tong_ket\"><\/span><b>T\u1ed5ng k\u1ebft<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">B\u00e0i vi\u1ebft k\u1ec3 tr\u00ean \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f4 \u0111\u1ecdng l\u1ea1i nh\u1eefng ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c t\u1ed5ng quan v\u00e0 quan tr\u1ecdng nh\u1ea5t v\u1ec1 C++ nh\u01b0 \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a C++ l\u00e0 g\u00ec, t\u00ednh n\u0103ng C++, \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng C++, so s\u00e1nh C v\u00e0 C++, t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh C++, C++ compiler mi\u1ec5n ph\u00ed,&#8230; \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3u h\u01a1n v\u1ec1 ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef n\u00e0y d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng h\u01a1n.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">H\u1eb9n g\u1eb7p b\u1ea1n \u1edf b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Nh\u1eefng c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi ph\u1ecfng v\u1ea5n C++ th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1eb7p<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> d\u00e0nh cho nh\u1eefng l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh vi\u00ean C++ c\u00f3 kinh nghi\u1ec7m v\u00e0 chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb tham gia v\u00e0o bu\u1ed5i ph\u1ecfng v\u1ea5n t\u00ecm vi\u1ec7c nh\u00e9!<\/span><\/p>\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"sp-no-webp wp-image-5668 aligncenter sp-no-webp entered lazyloaded\" src=\"https:\/\/itviec.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/07\/Robby2.png\" alt=\"robby-2\" width=\"300\" height=\"300\" data-lazy-src=\"https:\/\/itviec.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/07\/Robby2.png\" data-lazy-sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" data-lazy-srcset=\"https:\/\/itviec.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/07\/Robby2.png 300w, https:\/\/itviec.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/07\/Robby2-200x200.png 200w, https:\/\/itviec.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/07\/Robby2-60x60.png 60w\" data-ll-status=\"loaded\" srcset=\"https:\/\/itviec.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/07\/Robby2.png 300w, https:\/\/itviec.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/07\/Robby2-200x200.png 200w, https:\/\/itviec.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/07\/Robby2-60x60.png 60w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<p id=\"block-bdf220a1-3635-4794-9101-81d879939b92\" class=\"has-text-align-center\" style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>B\u1ea1n th\u1ea5y b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft hay v\u00e0 h\u1eefu \u00edch? \u0110\u1eebng ng\u1ea1i Share v\u1edbi b\u1ea1n b\u00e8 v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed3ng nghi\u1ec7p nh\u00e9.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p id=\"block-a1315aab-406f-48df-97fc-6b9584e6e134\" class=\"has-text-align-center\" style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>V\u00e0 nhanh tay tham kh\u1ea3o\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/itviec.com\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m IT<\/a>\u00a0\u201cch\u1ea5t\u201d tr\u00ean ITviec<\/strong>!<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>C++ l\u00e0 g\u00ec? C++ l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng nhi\u1ec1u nh\u1ea5t trong gi\u1edbi l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh vi\u00ean, h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m b\u1ea1n \u0111ang s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng m\u1ed7i ng\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh b\u1edfi C++. B\u00e0i vi\u1ebft sau \u0111\u00e2y s\u1ebd gi\u00fap b\u1ea1n hi\u1ec3u m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch t\u1ed5ng quan v\u00e0 [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":95,"featured_media":26893,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_gspb_post_css":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[109],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-26885","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-chuyen-mon-it"],"blocksy_meta":[],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v26.8 (Yoast SEO v27.8) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-premium-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>C++ l\u00e0 g\u00ec: T\u1ed5ng quan v\u1ec1 C++ v\u00e0 Nh\u1eefng c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi C++ th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1eb7p<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"C++ l\u00e0 g\u00ec? B\u00e0i vi\u1ebft sau \u0111\u00e2y s\u1ebd gi\u00fap b\u1ea1n hi\u1ec3u t\u1ed5ng quan v\u00e0 d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng v\u1ec1 ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh C++ c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea1n b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u theo ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef n\u00e0y.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/itviec.com\/blog\/cpp-la-gi\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"vi_VN\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"C++ l\u00e0 g\u00ec: T\u1ed5ng quan v\u1ec1 C++ v\u00e0 Nh\u1eefng c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi C++ th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1eb7p\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"C++ l\u00e0 g\u00ec? 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