{"id":25986,"date":"2022-12-14T09:43:57","date_gmt":"2022-12-14T02:43:57","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/itviec.com\/blog\/?p=25986"},"modified":"2024-09-27T13:59:44","modified_gmt":"2024-09-27T06:59:44","slug":"selenium-la-gi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/itviec.com\/blog\/selenium-la-gi\/","title":{"rendered":"Selenium testing l\u00e0 g\u00ec? C\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n v\u00e0 c\u00e1ch ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 v\u1edbi Selenium"},"content":{"rendered":"<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_84 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-grey ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<div class=\"ez-toc-title-container\">\n<p class=\"ez-toc-title\" style=\"cursor:inherit\">N\u1ed9i dung b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft<\/p>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-title-toggle\"><a href=\"#\" class=\"ez-toc-pull-right ez-toc-btn ez-toc-btn-xs ez-toc-btn-default ez-toc-toggle\" aria-label=\"Toggle Table of Content\"><span class=\"ez-toc-js-icon-con\"><span class=\"\"><span class=\"eztoc-hide\" style=\"display:none;\">Toggle<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-icon-toggle-span\"><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" class=\"list-377408\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path d=\"M6 6H4v2h2V6zm14 0H8v2h12V6zM4 11h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2zM4 16h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" class=\"arrow-unsorted-368013\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"10px\" height=\"10px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" version=\"1.2\" baseProfile=\"tiny\"><path d=\"M18.2 9.3l-6.2-6.3-6.2 6.3c-.2.2-.3.4-.3.7s.1.5.3.7c.2.2.4.3.7.3h11c.3 0 .5-.1.7-.3.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7zM5.8 14.7l6.2 6.3 6.2-6.3c.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7c-.2-.2-.4-.3-.7-.3h-11c-.3 0-.5.1-.7.3-.2.2-.3.5-.3.7s.1.5.3.7z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/span><\/div>\n<nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 ' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/itviec.com\/blog\/selenium-la-gi\/#Selenium_la_gi_Dung_de_lam_gi\" >Selenium l\u00e0 g\u00ec? D\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m g\u00ec?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/itviec.com\/blog\/selenium-la-gi\/#4_thanh_phan_chinh_cua_Selenium_la_gi\" >4 th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a Selenium l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/itviec.com\/blog\/selenium-la-gi\/#Cach_tot_nhat_de_su_dung_Selenium_la_gi\" >C\u00e1ch t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng Selenium l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/itviec.com\/blog\/selenium-la-gi\/#So_sanh_Selenium_va_cac_cong_cu_automation_testing\" >So s\u00e1nh Selenium v\u00e0 c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 automation testing<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/itviec.com\/blog\/selenium-la-gi\/#Tong_ket\" >T\u1ed5ng k\u1ebft<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<p><strong><em>Selenium l\u00e0 framework mi\u1ec5n ph\u00ed \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n <a href=\"https:\/\/itviec.com\/blog\/automation-test?utm_source=blog_14122022&amp;utm_medium=anchor_text&amp;utm_campaign=daily\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">automation testing<\/a> &#8211; t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng ho\u00e1 c\u00e1c thao t\u00e1c nh\u00e0m ch\u00e1n trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m. V\u1eady tr\u00ean th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf, Selenium c\u00f3 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 trong m\u1ecdi k\u1ecbch b\u1ea3n testing? T\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng v\u00e0 kinh nghi\u1ec7m s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng Selenium \u0111\u1ec3 \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng th\u00f4ng minh vi\u1ec7c ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0o quy tr\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n.<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Selenium_la_gi_Dung_de_lam_gi\"><\/span><b>Selenium l\u00e0 g\u00ec? D\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m g\u00ec?<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u0110\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3u h\u01a1n v\u1ec1 m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch ra \u0111\u1eddi c\u1ee7a Selenium, tr\u01b0\u1edbc h\u1ebft h\u00e3y ph\u00e2n t\u00edch v\u1ec1 Manual testing (Ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed th\u1ee7 c\u00f4ng) truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng.\u00a0<\/span><b><\/b><\/p>\n<h3><b>Nh\u1eefng th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi Manual testing<\/b><\/h3>\n<p><b>Manual testing<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> c\u00f3 \u01b0u \u0111i\u1ec3m l\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ea1y test v\u1edbi b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng n\u00e0o. C\u00e1ch l\u00e0m l\u00e0: Tester ch\u1ea1y test th\u1ee7 c\u00f4ng v\u00e0 so s\u00e1nh k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf v\u1edbi k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 mong mu\u1ed1n. B\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t n\u00e0o s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi l\u00e0 bug v\u00e0 c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c fix ngay. Sau \u0111\u00f3, tester ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c ch\u1ea1y test l\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 l\u1ed7i.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">C\u00e1ch l\u00e0m n\u00e0y c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf, m\u1ed9t v\u00e0i trong s\u1ed1 \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">T\u1ed1n nhi\u1ec1u th\u1eddi gian<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng sai s\u00f3t cao<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">C\u1ea7n c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec7n di\u1ec7n 24\/7 c\u1ee7a tester<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Ph\u1ea3i t\u1ea1o nh\u1eadt k\u00fd test theo c\u00e1ch th\u1ee7 c\u00f4ng<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Ph\u1ea1m vi h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Nh\u1eefng th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi Manual testing \u0111\u00e3 d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn nhu c\u1ea7u t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng ho\u00e1 quy tr\u00ecnh ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed (automation testing).<\/span><\/p>\n<blockquote><p><b>Kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 <a href=\"https:\/\/itviec.com\/viec-lam-it\/automation-test?utm_source=blog_14122022&amp;utm_medium=anchor_text&amp;utm_campaign=daily\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m Automation test<\/a> &#8220;ch\u1ea5t&#8221; tr\u00ean ITviec<\/b><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-26064\" src=\"https:\/\/itviec.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/1-2.jpg\" alt=\"selenium-la-gi-automation-testing\" width=\"1748\" height=\"750\" srcset=\"https:\/\/itviec.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/1-2.jpg 640w, https:\/\/itviec.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/1-2-300x129.jpg 300w, https:\/\/itviec.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/1-2-200x86.jpg 200w, https:\/\/itviec.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/1-2-100x43.jpg 100w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1748px) 100vw, 1748px\" \/><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">So s\u00e1nh \u01b0u &#8211; nh\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a Manual Testing vs Automation Testing.\u00a0<\/span><\/i><\/p>\n<h3><b>S\u1ef1 ra \u0111\u1eddi c\u1ee7a Selenium\u00a0<\/b><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">N\u0103m 2004, Jason Huggins, m\u1ed9t k\u1ef9 s\u01b0 t\u1ea1i ThoughtWorks \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n m\u1ed9t ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh JavaScript \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u00f3a vi\u1ec7c testing \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng web, g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.selenium.dev\/history\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><b>JavaScriptTestRunner<\/b><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">. Ban \u0111\u1ea7u, ph\u00e1t minh n\u00e0y ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tri\u1ec3n khai b\u1edfi c\u00e1c nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean t\u1ea1i Thoughtworks. Sau \u0111\u00f3 n\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ed5i t\u00ean th\u00e0nh Selenium v\u00e0 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t m\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n m\u1edf. Cho \u0111\u1ebfn nay, Selenium \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng framework \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n automation testing (ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng) m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd v\u00e0 linh ho\u1ea1t nh\u1ea5t.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">V\u1eady h\u00e3y c\u00f9ng t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u k\u0129 h\u01a1n Selenium l\u00e0 g\u00ec.<\/span><b><\/b><\/p>\n<h3><b>Selenium l\u00e0 g\u00ec? C\u00f3 ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ec9 d\u00f9ng cho testing?<\/b><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Selenium l\u00e0 b\u1ed9 c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng n\u1ec1n web, d\u01b0\u1edbi d\u1ea1ng m\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n m\u1edf mi\u1ec5n ph\u00ed. Selenium h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng b\u1eb1ng nhi\u1ec1u ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh kh\u00e1c nhau, tr\u00ean c\u00e1c tr\u00ecnh duy\u1ec7t v\u00e0 h\u1ec7 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh kh\u00e1c nhau.<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><b>C\u00e1ch ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a Selenium l\u00e0 g\u00ec? <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Selenium ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch m\u00f4 ph\u1ecfng c\u00e1c thao t\u00e1c c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng tr\u00ean web page ho\u1eb7c web element. Khi vi\u1ebft test b\u1eb1ng Selenium, tester ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1c h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng m\u00e0 h\u1ecd mu\u1ed1n ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n, Selenium s\u1ebd t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng th\u1ef1c thi c\u00e1c h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u00f3 tr\u00ean tr\u00ecnh duy\u1ec7t.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<blockquote><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">V\u00ed d\u1ee5: N\u1ebfu c\u1ea7n ki\u1ec3m tra ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng \u0111\u0103ng nh\u1eadp, tester s\u1ebd ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1c thao t\u00e1c nh\u01b0 nh\u1eadp t\u00ean ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng, nh\u1eadp m\u1eadt kh\u1ea9u v\u00e0o c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng th\u00edch h\u1ee3p v\u00e0 nh\u1ea5p v\u00e0o n\u00fat \u0111\u0103ng nh\u1eadp. Selenium s\u1ebd t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng th\u1ef1c thi c\u00e1c h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u00f3 tr\u00ean tr\u00ecnh duy\u1ec7t v\u00e0 b\u00e1o c\u00e1o n\u1ebfu c\u00f3 l\u1ed7i x\u1ea3y ra.<\/span><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<ul>\n<li><b>Selenium c\u00f3 ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ec9 d\u00f9ng cho testing?<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Selenium \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu cho m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng, nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n \u1edf \u0111\u00f3. C\u00e1c t\u00e1c v\u1ee5 qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb web l\u1eb7p l\u1ea1i nh\u00e0m ch\u00e1n c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 (v\u00e0 n\u00ean) \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u00f3a b\u1eb1ng Selenium.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">B\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng Selenium kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean t\u00ednh x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c, m\u00e0 l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c. N\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n c\u1ea7n m\u00f4 ph\u1ecfng t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng tr\u00ecnh duy\u1ec7t, h\u00e3y th\u1eed tri\u1ec3n khai b\u1eb1ng Selenium.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<blockquote><p><strong>Kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 <a href=\"https:\/\/itviec.com\/viec-lam-it\/tester\/ho-chi-minh-hcm?utm_source=blog_14122022&amp;utm_medium=anchor_text&amp;utm_campaign=daily\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m Tester TPHCM <\/a> &#8220;ch\u1ea5t&#8221;\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>Kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 <a href=\"https:\/\/itviec.com\/viec-lam-it\/tester\/ha-noi?utm_source=blog_14122022&amp;utm_medium=anchor_text&amp;utm_campaign=daily\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m Tester H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i<\/a> &#8220;ch\u1ea5t&#8221;<\/strong><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"4_thanh_phan_chinh_cua_Selenium_la_gi\"><\/span><b>4 th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a Selenium l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Selenium kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 \u0111\u01a1n l\u1ebb, m\u00e0 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t t\u1eadp h\u1ee3p c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ed1i \u01b0u cho c\u00e1c nhu c\u1ea7u ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng kh\u00e1c nhau, \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng nhi\u1ec1u m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng kh\u00e1c nhau.<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><b>Selenium g\u1ed3m c\u00f3 4 th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n sau:<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">+ Selenium IDE (M\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n t\u00edch h\u1ee3p Selenium).<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">+ Selenium Remote Control (Selenium RC).<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">+ WebDriver.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">+ Selenium Grid.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-26066\" src=\"https:\/\/itviec.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/2-2.jpg\" alt=\"selenium-la-gi-suite\" width=\"1574\" height=\"873\" srcset=\"https:\/\/itviec.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/2-2.jpg 640w, https:\/\/itviec.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/2-2-300x166.jpg 300w, https:\/\/itviec.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/2-2-200x111.jpg 200w, https:\/\/itviec.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/2-2-100x55.jpg 100w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1574px) 100vw, 1574px\" \/><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">C\u1ea5u tr\u00fac c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a Selenium. Ngu\u1ed3n @functionize<\/span><\/i><b><\/b><\/p>\n<h3><b>Selenium RC (Selenium Remote Control)<\/b><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Selenium RC (hay \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ebfn l\u00e0 Selenium 1) l\u00e0 c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 Selenium \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n b\u1edfi Paul Hammant.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b>C\u00e1ch ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng:<\/b><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Selenium RC \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh b\u1eb1ng Java \u0111\u1ec3 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng tr\u00ean c\u01a1 s\u1edf m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh m\u00e1y kh\u00e1ch &#8211; m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7. Trong \u0111\u00f3 Selenium RC server (m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7) nh\u1eadn c\u00e1c l\u1ec7nh t\u1eeb Client library (th\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n cho ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef m\u00e0 tester d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o test script) th\u00f4ng qua giao th\u1ee9c HTTP, sau \u0111\u00f3 chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ebfn tr\u00ecnh duy\u1ec7t th\u00f4ng qua l\u1ec7nh Javascript Selenium Core. Tr\u00ecnh duy\u1ec7t s\u1ebd th\u1ef1c thi l\u1ec7nh Selenium n\u00e0y b\u1eb1ng tr\u00ecnh th\u00f4ng d\u1ecbch JavaScript c\u1ee7a n\u00f3.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-26029\" src=\"https:\/\/itviec.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/4-1-2.jpg\" alt=\"selenium-la-gi-remote-control\" width=\"754\" height=\"495\" srcset=\"https:\/\/itviec.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/4-1-2.jpg 640w, https:\/\/itviec.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/4-1-2-300x197.jpg 300w, https:\/\/itviec.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/4-1-2-200x131.jpg 200w, https:\/\/itviec.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/4-1-2-100x66.jpg 100w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 754px) 100vw, 754px\" \/><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">C\u00e1ch ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a Selenium RC.\u00a0<\/span><\/i><\/p>\n<p><b>\u01afu \u0111i\u1ec3m:<\/b><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Ch\u1ea1y test tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t trong c\u00e1c tr\u00ecnh duy\u1ec7t web \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ecbnh<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Cho ph\u00e9p \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n tr\u00ecnh duy\u1ec7t v\u1edbi b\u1ea5t k\u00ec ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef n\u00e0o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ecdn (JAVA, Ruby, Perl, PHP, Python v\u00e0 C#).<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Cho ph\u00e9p l\u01b0u l\u1ea1i k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 ki\u1ec3m tra<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">H\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c tr\u00ecnh duy\u1ec7t h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 JavaScript nh\u01b0 Firefox, Google Chrome, Internet Explorer.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><b>H\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf:<\/b><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c vi\u1ebft b\u1eb1ng Java v\u00e0 n\u00f3 gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng JavaScript l\u00e0m ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef nh\u1eadp li\u1ec7u.\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Y\u00eau c\u1ea7u m\u1ed9t tr\u00ecnh duy\u1ec7t &#8220;th\u1ef1c&#8221; \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ea1y, v\u00ec n\u00f3 l\u00e0 ph\u1ea7n m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a tr\u00ecnh duy\u1ec7t.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><b>N\u00ean d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3:<\/b><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Ch\u1ea1y test c\u00e1c tr\u00ecnh duy\u1ec7t h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 JavaScript<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Ch\u1ea1y test tr\u00ean c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh kh\u00e1c nhau.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3><b>Selenium WebDriver<\/b><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Selenium WebDriver l\u00e0 c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 quan tr\u1ecdng v\u00e0 ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn nh\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n nay trong b\u1ed9 Selenium. \u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n b\u1edfi Simon Stewart v\u00e0o n\u0103m 2006, \u0111\u1ebfn 2011, WebDriver t\u00edch h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi Selenium RC t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh Selenium 2, gi\u00fap kh\u1eafc ph\u1ee5c nhi\u1ec1u h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf c\u1ee7a Selenium RC.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b>C\u00e1ch ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng:<\/b><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Selenium WebDriver l\u00e0 t\u1eadp h\u1ee3p c\u00e1c API m\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n m\u1edf, cho ph\u00e9p t\u1ea1o v\u00e0 ch\u1ea1y c\u00e1c b\u00e0i test t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng \u1edf c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ed9 tr\u00ecnh duy\u1ec7t v\u00e0 h\u1ec7 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">WebDriver protocol c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ea7u cu\u1ed1i c\u1ee5c b\u1ed9 (&#8216;m\u00e1y kh\u00e1ch&#8217;) s\u1ebd g\u1eedi c\u00e1c l\u1ec7nh (test script) t\u1edbi m\u1ed9t driver d\u00e0nh ri\u00eang cho tr\u00ecnh duy\u1ec7t. Driver th\u1ef1c thi c\u00e1c l\u1ec7nh n\u00e0y tr\u00ean phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n tr\u00ecnh duy\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a n\u00f3. V\u00ed d\u1ee5: ChromeDriver s\u1ebd th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n test tr\u00ean Chrome; GeckoDriver s\u1ebd l\u00e0m \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 tr\u00ean Firefox.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-26067\" src=\"https:\/\/itviec.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/3-2-1.jpg\" alt=\"selenium-la-gi-webdriver\" width=\"857\" height=\"569\" srcset=\"https:\/\/itviec.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/3-2-1.jpg 640w, https:\/\/itviec.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/3-2-1-300x199.jpg 300w, https:\/\/itviec.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/3-2-1-200x133.jpg 200w, https:\/\/itviec.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/3-2-1-100x66.jpg 100w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 857px) 100vw, 857px\" \/><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><b><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">C\u1ea5u tr\u00fac ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a Selenium WebDriver. Ngu\u1ed3n content: @hackr.io<\/span><\/i><\/b><\/p>\n<p><b>Selenium WebDriver bao g\u1ed3m:<\/b><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li aria-level=\"1\"><b>API: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Gi\u00fap chuy\u1ec3n c\u00e1c test script vi\u1ebft b\u1eb1ng ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh sang Selenese (ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef scripting c\u1ee7a Selenium), th\u00f4ng qua c\u00e1c binding.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li aria-level=\"1\"><b>Library: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">N\u01a1i ch\u1ee9a API v\u00e0 c\u00e1c binding.\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\"><b>Driver: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Module th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n vi\u1ec7c m\u1edf tr\u00ecnh duy\u1ec7t v\u00e0 ch\u1ea1y test script. V\u00ed d\u1ee5: Chromedriver h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u00f3a Selenium tr\u00ean Chrome.<\/span><\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\"><b>Framework: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">H\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 c\u00e1c th\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00edch h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi c\u00e1c framework ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean ho\u1eb7c ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh. V\u00ed d\u1ee5: Selenium v\u1edbi Cucumber ho\u1eb7c Selenium v\u1edbi TestNG.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><b>\u01afu \u0111i\u1ec3m:<\/b><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Cho ph\u00e9p t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp v\u1edbi tr\u00ecnh duy\u1ec7t, kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 trung gian nh\u01b0 Selenium RC.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">T\u1eadn d\u1ee5ng ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh g\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n tr\u00ecnh duy\u1ec7t thay v\u00ec d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o c\u00e1c l\u1ec7nh JavaScript \u0111\u1ec3 kh\u1edfi t\u1ea1o v\u00e0 v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh tr\u00ecnh duy\u1ec7t.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">C\u00e0i \u0111\u1eb7t \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n h\u01a1n IDE v\u00e0 RC<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh, th\u1eddi gian th\u1ef1c thi nhanh h\u01a1n<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">D\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng t\u00edch h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi c\u00e1c framework nh\u01b0 TestNG v\u00e0 JUnit \u0111\u1ec3 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">H\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 c\u00e1c tr\u00ecnh duy\u1ec7t nh\u01b0 Mozilla Firefox, Internet Explorer, Google Chrome, Safari, v.v.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">H\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 nhi\u1ec1u ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef nh\u01b0 C#, JAVA, Ruby, Perl, Python v\u00e0 PHP.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">H\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 nhi\u1ec1u n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng nh\u01b0 Linux, Windows, MAC, v.v.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><b>N\u00ean d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3:<\/b><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">T\u1ea1o c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ki\u1ec3m tra v\u00e0 b\u1ed9 t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u00f3a h\u1ed3i quy d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean tr\u00ecnh duy\u1ec7t<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">M\u1edf r\u1ed9ng quy m\u00f4 v\u00e0 ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i t\u1eadp l\u1ec7nh tr\u00ean nhi\u1ec1u m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">T\u1ea1o ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef d\u00e0nh ri\u00eang cho domain<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3><b>Selenium IDE (Integrated Development Environment)<\/b><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Selenium IDE, hay <\/span><b>\u201c<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n t\u00edch h\u1ee3p Selenium\u201d \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n n\u0103m 2006 b\u1edfi Shinya Kasatani. Selenium IDE c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00e0i \u0111\u1eb7t d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t plugin c\u1ee7a Firefox hay Chrome. IDE gi\u00fap ghi v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t l\u1ea1i c\u00e1c t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n v\u1edbi tr\u00ecnh duy\u1ec7t web, gi\u00fap \u200bqu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ki\u1ec3m tra h\u1ed3i quy d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng h\u01a1n.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b>C\u00e1ch ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng:<\/b><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Selenium IDE c\u00f3 2 t\u00ednh n\u0103ng ch\u00ednh:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Record: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">IDE ghi l\u1ea1i c\u00e1c thao t\u00e1c tr\u00ean trang web nh\u01b0 nh\u1ea5p chu\u1ed9t, \u0111i\u1ec1n bi\u1ec3u m\u1eabu, nh\u1ea5p v\u00e0o button, sau \u0111\u00f3 cho ph\u00e9p xu\u1ea5t ra d\u01b0\u1edbi d\u1ea1ng t\u1eadp l\u1ec7nh \u1edf nhi\u1ec1u ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh.\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Playback: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Tester c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u00e1i s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c c\u00e2u l\u1ec7nh n\u00e0y v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t l\u1ea1i trong c\u00f9ng plugin \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o test script m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch nhanh ch\u00f3ng v\u00e0 th\u00f4ng minh.\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><b>\u01afu \u0111i\u1ec3m:<\/b><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">L\u00e0 c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 d\u1ec5 h\u1ecdc nh\u1ea5t trong b\u1ed9 Selenium<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u0103ng t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 t\u1ea1o c\u00e1c t\u1eadp l\u1ec7nh t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u00f3a<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n c\u00f3 ki\u1ebfn \u200b\u200bth\u1ee9c v\u1ec1 l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><b>H\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf:<\/b><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Kh\u00f4ng h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 ki\u1ec3m tra theo h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Kh\u00f4ng ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p cho c\u00e1c b\u00e0i test n\u00e2ng cao<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 cung c\u1ea5p b\u00e1o c\u00e1o th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m chi ti\u1ebft<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Ch\u1ec9 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 h\u1ec7 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh Firefox v\u00e0 Chrome<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><b>N\u00ean d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3:<\/b><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">T\u1ea1o m\u1eabu nhanh<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">B\u00e1o c\u00e1o k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 nhanh v\u1edbi developer<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1edbi b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u v\u1ec1 Selenium<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3><b>Selenium Grid:<\/b><b><\/b><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Selenium Grid l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 proxy th\u00f4ng minh \u0111\u1ecbnh tuy\u1ebfn c\u00e1c l\u1ec7nh ki\u1ec3m tra t\u1edbi c\u00e1c phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n tr\u00ecnh duy\u1ec7t tr\u00ean c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb t\u1eeb xa, gi\u00fap d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng ch\u1ea1y th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m song song tr\u00ean nhi\u1ec1u m\u00e1y, nhi\u1ec1u thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb v\u00e0 tr\u00ecnh duy\u1ec7t.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b>C\u00e1ch ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng:<\/b><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Selenium Grid ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i ch\u1ea1y nhi\u1ec1u test script song song tr\u00ean nhi\u1ec1u m\u00e1y \u1ea3o (t\u1ed5 h\u1ee3p tr\u00ecnh duy\u1ec7t &#8211; h\u1ec7 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh) ho\u1eb7c nhi\u1ec1u thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb t\u1eeb xa kh\u00e1c nhau. Hai th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n ch\u00ednh \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y l\u00e0 \u201cHub\u201d v\u00e0 \u201cNode\u201d:<\/span><b><\/b><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li aria-level=\"1\"><b>&#8216;Hub&#8217; (m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7):<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn y\u00eau c\u1ea7u truy c\u1eadp t\u1eeb m\u00e1y kh\u00e1ch (client), \u0111\u1ecbnh tuy\u1ebfn c\u00e1c l\u1ec7nh ki\u1ec3m tra JSON t\u1edbi drvier t\u1eeb xa tr\u00ean c\u00e1c &#8216;node&#8217; \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u0103ng k\u00fd.<\/span><b><\/b><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li aria-level=\"1\"><b>\u2018Node\u2019 (thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb t\u1eeb xa):<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Ch\u1ee9a h\u1ec7 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh g\u1ed1c, tr\u00ecnh duy\u1ec7t v\u00e0 remoteWebDriver.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-26068\" src=\"https:\/\/itviec.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/5-1-1.jpg\" alt=\"selenium-la-gi-grid\" width=\"1354\" height=\"875\" srcset=\"https:\/\/itviec.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/5-1-1.jpg 640w, https:\/\/itviec.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/5-1-1-300x194.jpg 300w, https:\/\/itviec.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/5-1-1-200x129.jpg 200w, https:\/\/itviec.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/5-1-1-100x65.jpg 100w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1354px) 100vw, 1354px\" \/><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">C\u00e1ch ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a Selenium Grid.\u00a0<\/span><\/i><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Trong test script c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh, b\u1ea1n x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh &#8216;kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng mong mu\u1ed1n&#8217; (thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb, n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng, tr\u00ecnh duy\u1ec7t, v.v.) c\u1ee7a node ch\u1ea1y test. Hub nh\u1eadn script n\u00e0y, qu\u00e9t qua c\u00e1c node \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u0103ng k\u00fd \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00ecm m\u1ed9t node ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng mong mu\u1ed1n, sau \u0111\u00f3 ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ecbnh n\u00f3 ch\u1ea1y test.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b>N\u00ean d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3:<\/b><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">M\u1edf r\u1ed9ng quy m\u00f4 testing\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Ch\u1ea1y test quy m\u00f4 l\u1edbn trong th\u1eddi gian nhanh nh\u1ea5t<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Cach_tot_nhat_de_su_dung_Selenium_la_gi\"><\/span><b>C\u00e1ch t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng Selenium l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<h3>Nh\u1eefng test case n\u00e0o n\u00ean s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng Selenium?<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li aria-level=\"1\"><b>Ki\u1ec3m tra \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb\/ Unit testing:<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Unit testing n\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u00f3a v\u00ec n\u00f3 l\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p test nhanh, d\u1ec5 debug nh\u1ea5t, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u00e1i s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng cao, chi ph\u00ed fix l\u1ed7i th\u1ea5p v\u00e0 c\u00f3 r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u framework c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 tri\u1ec3n khai b\u1ea5t k\u1ec3 ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh.<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li aria-level=\"1\"><b>Test kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u00edch\/Accessibility Testing:<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Selenium gi\u00fap QA\/ Tester ki\u1ec3m tra kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u00edch c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng web tr\u00ean c\u00e1c t\u1ed5 h\u1ee3p tr\u00ecnh duy\u1ec7t &#8211; h\u1ec7 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh kh\u00e1c nhau.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">V\u00ed d\u1ee5: D\u00f9ng Selenium ch\u1ea1y test tr\u00ean c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb mobile v\u00e0 desktop \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o giao di\u1ec7n trang web hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb \u0111\u00fang k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc (thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf responsive); ch\u1ea1y test tr\u00ean c\u00e1c tr\u00ecnh duy\u1ec7t kh\u00e1c nhau \u0111\u1ec3 xem qu\u1ea3ng c\u00e1o video c\u00f3 hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c tr\u00ean trang hay kh\u00f4ng.<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li aria-level=\"1\"><b>Test hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t\/ Performance Testing:<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Selenium gi\u00fap QA\/ Tester ki\u1ec3m tra xem t\u00ednh n\u0103ng c\u00f3 \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng c\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t hay kh\u00f4ng.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">V\u00ed d\u1ee5: \u0110\u1ec3 ki\u1ec3m tra c\u00e1c trang ch\u1ee7 c\u00f3 t\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c trong v\u00f2ng 2 gi\u00e2y tr\u00ean c\u00e1c phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n tr\u00ecnh duy\u1ec7t kh\u00e1c nhau hay kh\u00f4ng, thay v\u00ec ch\u1ea1y test th\u1ee7 c\u00f4ng qua h\u00e0ng tr\u0103m t\u1ed5 h\u1ee3p tr\u00ecnh duy\u1ec7t + h\u1ec7 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh, b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng ho\u00e1 v\u1edbi Selenium.<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li aria-level=\"1\"><b>Test h\u1ed3i quy \/ Regression Testing:<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i test \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c t\u00ednh n\u0103ng m\u1edbi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1edbi h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng hi\u1ec7n c\u00f3. V\u1edbi test h\u1ed3i quy, ch\u1ec9 m\u1ed9t thay \u0111\u1ed5i nh\u1ecf c\u0169ng c\u1ea7n test l\u1ea1i to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng web. Do \u0111\u00f3, s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng Selenium WebDriver \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u00f3a testing s\u1ebd gi\u00fap ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m th\u1eddi gian v\u00e0 b\u0103ng th\u00f4ng \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">V\u00ed d\u1ee5: Trang web s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m kh\u1edfi ch\u1ea1y m\u1ed9t t\u00ednh n\u0103ng m\u1edbi (m\u00e3 khuy\u1ebfn m\u1ea1i) t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng cho c\u00e1c m\u1eb7t h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ee7 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi thanh to\u00e1n. Tester c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 vi\u1ebft c\u00e1c test case \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c minh r\u1eb1ng n\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn ph\u1ea7n c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a t\u00ednh n\u0103ng thanh to\u00e1n.<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li aria-level=\"1\"><b>Test t\u00edch h\u1ee3p\/ Integration Testing:<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Lo\u1ea1i test n\u00e0y nh\u1eb1m x\u00e1c minh c\u00e1c giao di\u1ec7n ho\u1eb7c module \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u00e3 h\u00f3a ri\u00eang bi\u1ec7t c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng khi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7t c\u00f9ng nhau. Khi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u00f3a b\u1eb1ng Selenium, ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed t\u00edch h\u1ee3p s\u1ebd ch\u1ea1y nhanh h\u01a1n v\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p ph\u1ea3n h\u1ed3i ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c.<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li aria-level=\"1\"><b>Th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng\/ System testing:<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng th\u01b0\u1eddng t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o quy tr\u00ecnh thao t\u00e1c c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng, kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n code ho\u1eb7c b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 testing n\u00e0o th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00f3.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">V\u00ed d\u1ee5: Quy tr\u00ecnh thanh to\u00e1n tr\u00ean trang s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m bao g\u1ed3m nhi\u1ec1u b\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u01b0: x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c th\u00f4ng tin \u0111\u0103ng nh\u1eadp c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng, n\u1ea1p s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m t\u1eeb gi\u1ecf h\u00e0ng, ki\u1ec3m tra t\u00ednh kh\u1ea3 d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a m\u1eb7t h\u00e0ng v\u00e0 x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c chi ti\u1ebft thanh to\u00e1n \u2014 tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi chuy\u1ec3n h\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111\u1ebfn trang web ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng. Tester c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 vi\u1ebft Selenium test \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c minh r\u1eb1ng to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111ang ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng tr\u01a1n tru.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><b>Nh\u1eefng test case n\u00e0o kh\u00f4ng n\u00ean s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng Selenium?<\/b><\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li aria-level=\"1\"><b>Captcha:<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">CAPTCHA \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t M\u00e1y t\u00ednh v\u00e0 Con ng\u01b0\u1eddi, r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng n\u00f3 t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ec3 ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u00f3a, v\u00ec v\u1eady th\u1eadt ng\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eddi n\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n l\u1ea1i d\u00f9ng c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng nh\u01b0 Selenium \u0111\u1ec3 test t\u00ednh n\u0103ng n\u00e0y.<\/span><b><\/b><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li aria-level=\"1\"><b>X\u00e1c minh Barcode \/ m\u00e3 QR:<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Selenium Webdriver kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ecdc tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp Barcode ho\u1eb7c m\u00e3 QR, m\u00e0 c\u1ea7n t\u00edch h\u1ee3p c\u00e1c API c\u1ee7a b\u00ean th\u1ee9 ba v\u00e0o c\u00e1c test script. Do \u0111\u00f3, n\u00f3 n\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n theo c\u00e1ch th\u1ee7 c\u00f4ng v\u00ec s\u1ebd c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c cao h\u01a1n.<\/span><b><\/b><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li aria-level=\"1\"><b>Ki\u1ec3m tra h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh:<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Selenium Webdriver c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n ch\u1ee5p \u1ea3nh m\u00e0n h\u00ecnh. Tuy nhi\u00ean, vi\u1ec7c so s\u00e1nh bitmap \u0111\u1ec3 ki\u1ec3m tra h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh s\u1ebd l\u00e0 th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c v\u1edbi WebDriver.<\/span><b><\/b><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li aria-level=\"1\"><b>\u0110\u0103ng nh\u1eadp t\u00e0i kho\u1ea3n email v\u00e0 m\u1ea1ng x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i:<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Kh\u00f4ng n\u00ean \u0111\u0103ng nh\u1eadp v\u00e0o c\u00e1c trang web nh\u01b0 Gmail v\u00e0 Facebook b\u1eb1ng WebDriver v\u00ec:<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">&#8211; N\u00f3 \u0111i ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng n\u00e0y<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">&#8211; N\u00f3 l\u00e0m b\u00e0i test k\u00e9o d\u00e0i h\u01a1n v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u00e1ng tin c\u1eady.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">&#8211; N\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn h\u1eadu qu\u1ea3 nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng, ao g\u1ed3m c\u1ea3 vi\u1ec7c b\u1ecb \u0111\u00f3ng t\u00e0i kho\u1ea3n.<\/span><b><\/b><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li aria-level=\"1\"><b>Ki\u1ec3m tra b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">B\u1ea3o m\u1eadt \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng web c\u1ee7a doanh nghi\u1ec7p ph\u1ea3i do c\u00e1c chuy\u00ean gia an ninh m\u1ea1ng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng b\u1ed9 c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 ri\u00eang \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n ki\u1ec3m tra. Do \u0111\u00f3, vi\u1ec7c t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng ho\u00e1 testing ki\u1ec3m tra b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn th\u00f4ng minh.<\/span><b><\/b><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li aria-level=\"1\"><b>Th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m th\u0103m d\u00f2<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u0110\u1eb7c t\u00ednh c\u1ee7a th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m th\u0103m d\u00f2 l\u00e0 ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean kinh nghi\u1ec7m, b\u1ea3n n\u0103ng v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng quan s\u00e1t c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi trong vi\u1ec7c kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng v\u1edbi t\u01b0 c\u00e1ch l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng cu\u1ed1i. Do \u0111\u00f3, n\u00f3 t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t kh\u00f4ng n\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u00f3a b\u1eb1ng Selenium ho\u1eb7c b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 automation testing n\u00e0o kh\u00e1c.<\/span><b><\/b><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li aria-level=\"1\"><b>Thu th\u1eadp th\u00f4ng tin \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng qua li\u00ean k\u1ebft:<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Test case n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n theo c\u00e1ch d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng v\u00e0 nhanh ch\u00f3ng h\u01a1n, trong khi WebDriver t\u1ed1n nhi\u1ec1u th\u1eddi gian ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ec3 kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ed9ng, truy c\u1eadp trang v\u00e0 duy\u1ec7t qua DOM.\u00a0<\/span><b><\/b><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li aria-level=\"1\"><b>Ph\u00e1t tr\u1ef1c tuy\u1ebfn \u00e2m thanh \/ video:<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Test lu\u1ed3ng \u00e2m thanh \/ video tr\u00ean quy m\u00f4 l\u1edbn v\u1eabn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng b\u00e0i to\u00e1n kh\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng ho\u00e1 v\u00ec cho \u0111\u1ebfn nay v\u1eabn ch\u01b0a ch\u1ee9ng minh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 l\u00e0 \u0111\u00e1ng tin c\u1eady.<\/span><b><\/b><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li aria-level=\"1\"><b>T\u1ea3i l\u00ean\/ t\u1ea3i xu\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 x\u00e1c minh t\u1ec7p<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Selenium c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u00f3a m\u00f4 ph\u1ecfng h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng nh\u1ea5p v\u00e0o n\u00fat t\u1ea3i l\u00ean ho\u1eb7c t\u1ea3i t\u1ec7p, nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 gi\u00fap x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 t\u1ea3i l\u00ean th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng hay kh\u00f4ng, m\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u1ea7n d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 c\u1ee7a b\u00ean th\u1ee9 ba nh\u01b0 AutoIT. T\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1, n\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 x\u00e1c minh xem n\u1ed9i dung t\u1ea3i xu\u1ed1ng c\u00f3 kh\u1edbp v\u1edbi n\u1ed9i dung mong \u0111\u1ee3i hay kh\u00f4ng, m\u00e0 c\u1ea7n c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 can thi\u1ec7p c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1edf m\u1ed9t m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh..\u00a0<\/span><b><\/b><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li aria-level=\"1\"><b>Ki\u1ec3m tra Library v\u00e0 Framework:<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Webdriver l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 ki\u1ec3m tra giao di\u1ec7n ng\u01b0\u1eddi, do \u0111\u00f3 n\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng n\u00ean s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 ki\u1ec3m tra c\u00e1c Library v\u00e0 Framework kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 giao di\u1ec7n ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00edch h\u1ee3p s\u1eb5n.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Ngo\u00e0i ra, c\u00f2n r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.lambdatest.com\/blog\/24-testing-scenarios-you-should-not-automate-using-selenium\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">testing scenarios<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> kh\u00e1c, n\u1ebfu ch\u1ec9 ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng b\u1eb1ng Selenium s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 m\u00e0 c\u1ea7n c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c tool kh\u00e1c.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><b>C\u00e1c b\u00ed k\u00edp \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng Selenium hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3?<\/b><\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">N\u00ean b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u b\u1eb1ng m\u1ed9t test case \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n v\u00e0 ng\u1eafn g\u1ecdn<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">N\u00ean s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng API nh\u01b0 &#8220;click&#8221;, &#8220;type&#8221; v\u00e0 &#8220;waitForPageToLoad&#8221;<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">N\u00ean ch\u1ea1y test tr\u00ean nhi\u1ec1u tr\u00ecnh duy\u1ec7t v\u00e0 h\u1ec7 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh kh\u00e1c nhau<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">N\u00ean s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng Selenium Grid test song song \u0111\u1ec3 t\u0103ng t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 th\u1ef1c thi<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">N\u00ean t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c t\u1ed1t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng test code \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec, t\u00e1i s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng v\u00e0 s\u1eeda \u0111\u1ed5i sau n\u00e0y<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng Selenium \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea9y nhanh v\u00e0 t\u0103ng hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t th\u1ef1c thi trong Agile testing<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u00edch h\u1ee3p Selenium v\u1edbi quy tr\u00ecnh CI\/CD \u0111\u1ec3 duy tr\u00ec ki\u1ec3m tra hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t, ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u00edch, gi\u00fap n\u1eafm b\u1eaft nhanh c\u00e1c l\u1ed7i tri\u1ec3n khai n\u1ebfu c\u00f3.\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<blockquote><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">T\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u th\u00eam <a href=\"https:\/\/itviec.com\/blog\/ci-cd-la-gi?utm_source=blog_14122022&amp;utm_medium=anchor_text&amp;utm_campaign=daily\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">CI\/CD l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/a><\/span><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<h3><b>C\u00e1c ngu\u1ed3n t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u v\u1ec1 Selenium<\/b><\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><a href=\"http:\/\/docs.seleniumhq.org\/\">T\u00e0i li\u1ec7u ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c<\/a> c\u1ee7a d\u1ef1 \u00e1n Selenium\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.selenium.dev\/blog\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Blog Selenium<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><a href=\"https:\/\/github.com\/SeleniumHQ\/selenium\/wiki\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Wiki Selenium<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.udemy.com\/topic\/selenium-webdriver\/free\/\">Kh\u00f3a h\u1ecdc tr\u1ef1c tuy\u1ebfn<\/a> v\u1ec1 Selenium Automation Testing<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><a href=\"https:\/\/groups.google.com\/g\/selenium-users\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Nh\u00f3m Google Selenium<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"So_sanh_Selenium_va_cac_cong_cu_automation_testing\"><\/span><b>So s\u00e1nh Selenium v\u00e0 c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 automation testing<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<h3>\u01afu \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a Selenium:<\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">&#8211; L\u00e0 m\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n m\u1edf mi\u1ec5n ph\u00ed.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">&#8211; C\u00f3 t\u00ednh linh ho\u1ea1t, v\u00ec l\u00e0 c\u1ea3 m\u1ed9t b\u1ed9 c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00edch h\u1ee3p trong m\u1ed9t framework duy nh\u1ea5t.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">&#8211; Mi\u1ec5n ph\u00ed, d\u1ec5 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng, d\u1ec5 h\u1ecdc, kh\u00f4ng y\u00eau c\u1ea7u hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft chuy\u00ean s\u00e2u v\u1ec1 c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">&#8211; \u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu b\u1eb1ng JavaScript, test script d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean HTML n\u00ean th\u1ef1c thi nhanh v\u00e0 d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng h\u01a1n<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">&#8211; H\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c tr\u00ecnh duy\u1ec7t ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn nh\u01b0 Chrome, Firefox, Opera, Safari\u2026<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">&#8211; H\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 nhi\u1ec1u ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh nh\u01b0 Java, C#, Python, PHP, Perl, Ruby, \u2026<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">&#8211; \u0110\u1ed9c l\u1eadp v\u1edbi n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng, ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tri\u1ec3n khai tr\u00ean nhi\u1ec1u h\u1ec7 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh nh\u01b0 Windows, Linux, Macintosh\u2026<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><b>H\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf c\u1ee7a Selenium:<\/b><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">&#8211; Kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 ki\u1ec3m tra c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng mobile ho\u1eb7c desktop\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">&#8211; H\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf cho vi\u1ec7c ki\u1ec3m tra h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh nh\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 nh\u1eadn d\u1ea1ng v\u0103n b\u1ea3n b\u00ean trong h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">&#8211; C\u1ea7n c\u00f3 ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ed9 cao v\u1ec1 l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">&#8211; G\u1eb7p kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n khi x\u1eed l\u00fd c\u00e1c trang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ed9ng.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">&#8211; Kh\u00f3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng khi th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng web s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng Ajax ho\u1eb7c ReactJS.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">&#8211; Kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c v\u1edbi flash ho\u1eb7c Java applet.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><b>B\u1ea3ng so s\u00e1nh Selenium v\u00e0 c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 automation testing:<\/b><\/h3>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td><b>C\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 automation testing<\/b><\/td>\n<td><b>H\u1ec7 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3<\/b><\/td>\n<td><b>Ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3<\/b><\/td>\n<td><b>\u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng<\/b><\/td>\n<td><b>Y\u00eau c\u1ea7u k\u1ef9 n\u0103ng l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh<\/b><\/td>\n<td><b>Gi\u00e1<\/b><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><b>Selenium<\/b><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Windows\/ Mac\/ Linux<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Java, Python, C#, PHP, Javascript, Ruby, Perl<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Web, mobile (c\u00f3 Appium)<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ed9 cao\u00a0<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Mi\u1ec5n ph\u00ed<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><b>TestComplete<\/b><\/p>\n<p><b>Katalon Studio<\/b><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Windows\/ OS\/ Linux<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">VB, Javascript, Jscript, C++, C#, Angular, Delphi, Ruby on Rails, PHP<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Web, mobile, desktop<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ed9 c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ebfn cao<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">$4600 &#8211; $9000<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><b>UFT<\/b><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Windows<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">VBScript<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Web, mobile, desktop<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ed9 c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ebfn cao<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">$2500 &#8211; $3500<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><b>Watir<\/b><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Windows<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Ruby, Java, .Net<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Web<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ed9 c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Mi\u1ec5n ph\u00ed<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><b>Ranorex<\/b><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Windows<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">C#, Python, VB, .Net, Iron<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Web, mobile, desktop<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ed9 c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ebfn cao<\/span><\/td>\n<td>N\/A<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<blockquote><p>Xem th\u00eam: <a href=\"https:\/\/itviec.com\/blog\/automation-test\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Automation Test l\u00e0 g\u00ec? Khi n\u00e0o n\u00ean s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng Automation Test?<\/a><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Tong_ket\"><\/span><b>T\u1ed5ng k\u1ebft<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">N\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n \u0111ang t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 automation testing m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd v\u00e0 linh ho\u1ea1t th\u00ec Selenium l\u00e0 c\u00e1i t\u00ean b\u1ea1n c\u1ea7n. Tuy nhi\u00ean khi \u0111\u1eb7t c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi \u201cC\u00f3 n\u00ean s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng Selenium kh\u00f4ng?\u201d, b\u1ea1n c\u1ea7n nh\u1edb r\u1eb1ng: <strong>M\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch c\u1ee7a t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng ho\u00e1 testing l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m th\u1eddi gian, ti\u1ec1n b\u1ea1c v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng s\u1ee9c. N\u1ebfu Selenium kh\u00f4ng gi\u00fap b\u1ea1n l\u00e0m t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y, b\u1ea1n n\u00ean c\u00e2n nh\u1eafc kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 v\u00e0o n\u00f3.<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">C\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u c\u00e1ch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng Selenium, nh\u01b0ng ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 \u00edt c\u00e1ch th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 \u0111em l\u1ea1i hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3. Qu\u00e1 v\u1ed9i v\u00e0ng t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng ho\u00e1 m\u1ecdi tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p testing m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u s\u1ebd ch\u1ec9 d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1t c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 kh\u00e1c trong quy tr\u00ecnh ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">H\u00e3y t\u1eadn d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c ngu\u1ed3n t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c tr\u1ef1c tuy\u1ebfn v\u1ec1 Selenium (nh\u01b0 b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft n\u00e0y) \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u th\u00eam v\u1ec1 c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 automation testing n\u00e0y v\u00e0 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng n\u00f3 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p nh\u1ea5t v\u00e0o c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n nh\u00e9.<\/span><\/p>\n<blockquote><p><strong>Kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 <a href=\"https:\/\/itviec.com\/viec-lam-it\/selenium?utm_source=blog_14122022&amp;utm_medium=anchor_text&amp;utm_campaign=daily\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m Selenium<\/a> &#8220;ch\u1ea5t&#8221; tr\u00ean ITviec<\/strong><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Selenium l\u00e0 framework mi\u1ec5n ph\u00ed \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n automation testing &#8211; t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng ho\u00e1 c\u00e1c thao t\u00e1c nh\u00e0m ch\u00e1n trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m. V\u1eady tr\u00ean th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf, Selenium c\u00f3 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 trong m\u1ecdi k\u1ecbch b\u1ea3n testing? T\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng v\u00e0 kinh nghi\u1ec7m s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng Selenium \u0111\u1ec3 \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng th\u00f4ng [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":114,"featured_media":25989,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_gspb_post_css":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[109],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-25986","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-chuyen-mon-it"],"blocksy_meta":[],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v26.8 (Yoast SEO v27.7) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-premium-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Selenium testing l\u00e0 g\u00ec? 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C\u00e1ch ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 - ITviec Blog","description":"Selenium l\u00e0 g\u00ec? T\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c v\u00e0 kinh nghi\u1ec7m s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng Selenium \u0111\u1ec3 \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng th\u00f4ng minh vi\u1ec7c ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0o quy tr\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n.","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/itviec.com\/blog\/selenium-la-gi\/","og_locale":"vi_VN","og_type":"article","og_title":"Selenium testing l\u00e0 g\u00ec? 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